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Article type: Cover
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Cover
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Index
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Index
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
I-
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Article type: Appendix
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
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1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
V-VII
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1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
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KYOICHI KATO, HISAYA SATO, MASAYUKI AKIYAMA, MASARU NITTA, YASUO NAKAZ ...
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
233-240
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There are many variations in the branching pattern of the intra-and extrahepatic bile ducts in the hepatic hilum. It is important to understand the three-dimensional anatomical structures of these bile ducts to determine the surgical approach for cholangiocarcinoma in the hepatic hilum. We performed cholangiography in 214 patients from February 1994 to March 1995. Rotational cholangiography using triple-axis rotational arm loading equipment was done in 12 of the patients who were surgical candidates. The directions of rotation included horizontal, cranial, caudal, and cranial-caudal. Rotational IVR-shot was also performed in the region of interest. Our method made it possible to demonstrate the continuity of each segmental branch, providing important information as to the surgical approach to cholangiocarcinoma. The technique was also useful for localizing calculi in the intrahepatic bile ducts. Images without overlapping were obtained by rotational IVR-shot.
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TATSUSHI TOMOMITSU, SHINICHI YANAGIMOTO, HIROAKI MIMURA, YOHKO OKAGAWA ...
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
241-248
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Although dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry(DXA)instruments operate on the same basic principles, bone mineral density(BMD)values measured with different DXA systems are not identical. Therefore, a fundamental study of cross-calibration of lumbar vertebral BMD values measured with different DXA systems was performed. The QDR-1000, DPX-L and XR-26 were used as DXA systems, and 30 patients, a rod phantom, a COMAC phantom, excised bone, a Hologic standard phantom, and a human bone phantom were used as subjects for measurement. The BMDs per unit volume in the three systems were 0.371 g/cm^3 for the QDR-1000, 0.411 g/cm^3 for the DPX-L, and 0.361 g/cm^3 for the XR-26. The relation between bone area and BMD values was nearly the same for the QDR-1000 and DPX-L;however, these results were markedly different from that obtained with the XR-26. In vivo conversion formulae for different DXA systems were calculated from the data of the 30 patients. By analyzing the functional relation, the conversion formulae QDR=0.826DPX+0.042 and QDR=0.921XR+0.097 were derived. Comparison of the in vivo conversion formula with the in vitro phantom data indicated that the external shape of the phantom was responsible for the errors between the two. In particular, the difference was remarkable between different bone edge detection methods. In conclusion, it was considered that the external shape of the phantom used plays an important role in vitro cross-calibration for lumbar vertebral BMD values measured between DXA systems.
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TATSUSHI TOMOMITSU, SHINICHI YANAGIMOTO, HIROAKI MIMURA, YOHKO OKAGAWA ...
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
249-253
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Height shortening in middle-aged and elderly persons affects evaluation of the relationship between bone mineral density(BMD)and anthropometric indices. In this study, a formula for estimating body height was established to clarify the relationship between BMD and anthropometric indices in middle-aged and elderly females. The formula was obtained from the linear regression of actual height based on the spinomalleolar distance in 115 young adult females(age:20-44y.o.). The BMDs in the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and mid-radius in 131 middle-aged and elderly females(age:50-79y.o.)were measured by DXA systems(QDR-2000, DCS-600), and the relationships between anthropometric indices were investigated. The formula for the height estimation was given as estimated height(cm)=1.572 spinomalleolar distance(cm)+32.33cm. The correlation between BMD and height was decreased by using estimated height in each decade. On the other hand, the correlation between BMD and body mass index(BMI)was improved by using estimated BMI in each decade. The present findings suggested that the correction of height shortening, in addition to the study in each decade, was necessary to evaluate the relationship between BMD values and body indices in middle-aged and elderly females.
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HIROYOSHI IMURA, HIROFUMI YAGI, HIROMU NISHITANI
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
254-262
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The shape of he characteristic curve of the double screen/film system is known to be affected by the screen light spectrum. This suggests that the crossover light also affects the shape of the characteristic curve because its spectrum is different from that of primary light. Therefore, a study of the influence of crossover light on the shape of the characteristic curve was carried out from the viewpoint of the spectrum and incident direction of light to an emulsion. The component of blue light in the crossover light was increased relative to the primary light. The characteristic curves were nearly the same when the primary and crossover light, which have different spectra, fell on the surface of the emulsions. The characteristic curves, which were made by rays of incident light from the surface and base of the emulsion, were different even if the lights had the same spectra. It was determined that crossover light influenced the shape of the characteristic curve. Furthermore, it was also determined that the influence is caused by the incident direction of light to an emulsion, not by the spectrum.
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SHINICHI GOTOH, KATSUHIKO AIKAWA, SHIGETOMO MATSUSHIMA
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
263-267
Published: February 20, 1998
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Linear accelerator radiosurgery has been used to treat small intracranial lesions. However, when the lesion is superficial, the dose assessment point comes closer to the build-up peak. In this case, the tissue maximum ratio(TMR)is critical in dose assessment, and therefore TMR and build-up peak should be measured accurately for each field. The authors conducted comparative TMR dosimetry of 10 MV x-rays in small circular fields ranging from 6.7 mm to 31.4 mm in diameter at the isocenter using a microchamber and a diamond detector. Both measurements were within 3% of each other at depths ranging from 10 mm to 120 mm. The TMR shift was clearly observed. The position of the build-up peak shifted from 15.0 mm to 27.0 mm with the diamond detector as the field size changed from 6.7 mm to 31.4 mm in diameter.
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MAKOTO KURANISHI, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Jap ...
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
268-276
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Hisashi Maekoshi
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
277-286
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Article type: Appendix
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
App3-_327_
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Article type: Appendix
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
329-332
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Article type: Bibliography
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
333-334
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Article type: Appendix
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
335-336
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[in Japanese]
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1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
337-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
337-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
337-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
337-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
337-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
337-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
338-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
338-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
338-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
338-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
338-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
338-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
338-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
338-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
338-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
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1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
339-
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1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
339-
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[in Japanese]
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1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
339-
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Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
339-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
339-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
339-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1998 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages
339-
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