日本放射線技術学会雑誌
Online ISSN : 1881-4883
Print ISSN : 0369-4305
ISSN-L : 0369-4305
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72 巻, 1 号
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巻頭言
新春座談会
原著
  • X線透視画像における時系列ノイズ周波数特性
    梅原 孝好, 松本 一真, 藤田 知子, 前田 勝彦, 池内 陽子, 萩原 芳明, 藤川 慶太
    2016 年 72 巻 1 号 p. 13-20
    発行日: 2016年
    公開日: 2016/01/20
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.2016_JSRT_72.1.13
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The role of the X-ray fluoroscopic image during interventional radiology (IVR) is not only the real-time dynamic image for the catheter operation but also to confirm the vascular anatomy using stored image, so that the importance increases more. For the purpose of measuring the time sequence characteristics of X-ray fluoroscopic image, we sampled the digital value of the same coordinate from each X-ray fluoroscopic image and calculated the frequency properties of the noise for the time sequence order as NPStime by performing Fourier transform on the digital value. The parameters, except k-factor which is the time sequence filter, did not influence NPStime. NPStime, which was examined in this study, showed that it is valuable for the method to analyze the time sequence noise characteristics. And, it also showed that it is possible to evaluate the time sequence image processing parameters of X-ray fluoroscopic image by NPStime. Nowadays, each manufacture of the X-ray angiographic system performs the original image processing to their own X-ray fluoroscopic images. The results of the discussion in this study could show the quantitative analysis on the frequency modulation. And it is possible to calculate NPStime by measuring the digital value of stored X-ray fluoroscopic image. The analysis by this method is also technically convenient for the time sequence noise characteristics of the X-ray fluoroscopic image.
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ノート
  • 下肢CTアンギオグラフィにおけるCT用自動露出機構(CT automaticexposure control system: CT-AEC)の最適化に関する検討：CNRを考慮したCT-AEC設定法の有用性について
    稲田 智, 舛田 隆則, 丸山 尚也, 山下 由香利, 佐藤 友保, 今田 直幸
    2016 年 72 巻 1 号 p. 21-30
    発行日: 2016年
    公開日: 2016/01/20
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.2016_JSRT_72.1.21
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Purpose: To evaluate the image quality and effect of radiation dose reduction by setting for computed tomography automatic exposure control system (CT-AEC) in computed tomographic angiography (CTA) of lower extremity artery. Methods: Two methods of setting were compared for CT-AEC [conventional and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) methods]. Conventional method was set noise index (NI): 14and tube current threshold: 10-750 mA. CNR method was set NI: 18, minimum tube current: (X+Y)/2 mA (X, Y: maximum X (Y)-axis tube current value of leg in NI: 14), and maximum tube current: 750 mA. The image quality was evaluated by CNR, and radiation dose reduction was evaluated by dose-length-product (DLP). Results: In conventional method, mean CNRs for pelvis, femur, and leg were 19.9±4.8, 20.4±5.4, and 16.2±4.3, respectively. There was a significant difference between the CNRs of pelvis and leg (P<0.001), and between femur and leg (P<0.001). In CNR method, mean CNRs for pelvis, femur, and leg were 15.2±3.3, 15.3±3.2, and 15.3±3.1, respectively; no significant difference between pelvis, femur, and leg (P=0.973) in CNR method was observed. Mean DLPs were 1457±434 mGy⋅cm in conventional method, and 1049±434 mGy·cm in CNR method. There was a significant difference in the DLPs of conventional method and CNR method (P<0.001). Conclusion: CNR method gave equal CNRs for pelvis, femur, and leg, and was beneficial for radiation dose reduction in CTA of lower extremity artery.
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臨床技術
  • Phase-sensitive Inversion-recovery(PSIR)を用いた子宮ダイナミックスタディのための基礎検討
    高津 安男, 茂木 俊一, 宮地 利明, 山村 憲一郎
    2016 年 72 巻 1 号 p. 31-41
    発行日: 2016年
    公開日: 2016/01/20
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.2016_JSRT_72.1.31
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The depth of myometrial invasion in patients with endometrial carcinoma is recognized as an important factor that closely correlates with prognosis. Preoperative assessment of myometrial invasion is essential for planning surgery. To enhance the contrast between myometrium and endometrium including myometrial invasion with endometrial carcinoma, we optimized the sequence parameter with phase-sensitive inversion-recovery (PSIR) in gadolinium dynamic study of uterine corpus. On a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), images were acquired by three-dimensional (3D) T1 -turbo fieldecho (TFE) with PSIR sequence and gadolinium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid( Gd-DTPA) dilutedphantom (0-5 mmol/L) and myometrium model (manganese chloride tetrahydrate+agar). We calculatedthe null point andthe contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) at multiple TFE inversion delay times, 200 ms-maximum in each combination; flip angles (FAs), 5-35 degrees; TFE factor, 20-40; andshot interval (SI), 500-1000 ms. We assumed that dynamic scanning time was 30 seconds when the sensitivity encoding factor was 2, namely, in this study, the scanning time was 1 minute with no sensitivity encoding. In addition, we comparedCNR between optimizedPSIR sequence ande-Thrive. We recognizeda successful CNR of the 3D PSIR parameter was TFE inversion delay times, 335 ms; FA, 25 degrees; TFE factor, 20; and SI, 500 ms. In each gadolinium-DTPA diluted phantom, the average CNR of the optimized PSIR sequence was approximately 1.7 times (maximum: 3 times) higher than e-Thrive. Optimizing sequence parameter of PSIR is applicable in gadolinium dynamic study of uterine corpus.
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  • 小児心臓血管造影における心拍差分処理を用いたDSA法の開発
    日木 あゆみ, 本元 強, 真田 茂, 林 則夫
    2016 年 72 巻 1 号 p. 42-49
    発行日: 2016年
    公開日: 2016/01/20
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.2016_JSRT_72.1.42
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) has been used in head and abdomen. However, in recent years, the use of cardiac DSA has been reported. In this report, we discuss the development of a DSA method with heart rate to clearly visualize blood vessels of pediatric patients. The patients included five children who underwent pulmonary artery angioplasty. We used a process to resize the original images and performed two kinds of subtraction methods as well as visually evaluated the images and performed comparisons between pairs of images using the Scheffe’s method. Subtraction techniques were used to eliminate motion artifacts of the heart, thoracic vertebra, ribs, and diaphragm. Visualization of the image of blood vessels of pulmonary arteries using the subtraction technique with heart rate was superior to the visualization of the conventional DSA images of peripheral blood vessels of the lung and pulmonary arteries. Use of subtraction technique with heart rate makes it possible to obtain more detailed information on pediatric cardiac angiography images noninvasively.
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  • 肝切除に対する99mTc-GSA SPECT定量法を用いた新しい術前シミュレーションの考案
    折田 佳子, 小野寺 敦, 夏目 俊之
    2016 年 72 巻 1 号 p. 50-57
    発行日: 2016年
    公開日: 2016/01/20
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.2016_JSRT_72.1.50
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    Purpose: We developed a new imaging method to assess liver function by analyzing the amount of liver asialo single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using technetium-99m diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid galactosyl human serum albumin (99mTc-GSA) injection. A preoperative simulation using various regions of interest (ROIs) was performed, and the usefulness of the method for predicting the residual liver function was examined. Methods: Ninety-three patients were enrolled who underwent both asialo scintigraphy and dynamic computed tomography (CT) scanning. The two-dimensional dynamic data were analyzed using the Patlak plot method to calculate Kup and perfusion index (PI). The PIi (the quantity of GSA in a reference slice) was calculated using the PI. The qualitative SPECT data were analyzed using the quantitative images and the PIi, and we calculated the amount of asialo uptake per unit, which we named asialo uptake index (AUI). Volume registration was done between the collected breath holding SPECT data and CT images. Results: We were able to obtain AUI images and calculate the liver sparing ability by analyzing the two-dimensional data. The AUI and each of the liver counts (HH15, LHL15, LU15, and PI) were correlated, and we could perform the preoperative simulation using any ROI. Conclusion: Preoperative simulation for the outcome of hepatectomy could be done using our new method employing quantitative SPECT.
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  • くも膜下出血発症時の脳血管CT-angiographyにおけるbolus tracking法のモニタ位置がCT値に及ぼす影響
    水井 雅人, 溝口 裕司, 田城 孝雄
    2016 年 72 巻 1 号 p. 58-62
    発行日: 2016年
    公開日: 2016/01/20
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.2016_JSRT_72.1.58
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    The head computed tomography-angiography (head CT-A) examination is excellent for the detection and diagnosis of cerebral artery aneurysm. If we use bolus tracking method when implementing this examination, we must choose a monitoring point. We investigated the influence which the monitoring point (MCA or carotid-A) exerts on the CT value. As for the result, MCA monitoring point method was more excellent than the carotid artery monitoring point method. The CT value was higher about 50 HU in the MCA monitoring point than in the carotid artery monitoring point (average;carotid artery: 349.6±57.8 HU, MCA: 413.2±67.9 HU). So, we conclude that in the bolus tracking method of monitoring point of head CTA, MCA monitoring point should be used.
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  • Interventional Radiology 装置の線量率測定における留意点
    吉田 秀義, 高橋 千春, 成田 信浩, 水沢 康彦, 関谷 勝, 大久保 真樹
    2016 年 72 巻 1 号 p. 63-72
    発行日: 2016年
    公開日: 2016/01/20
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.2016_JSRT_72.1.63
    ジャーナル フリー
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    In equipment used for interventional radiology (IVR), automatic exposure control (AEC) is incorporated to obtain the X-ray output suitable for the treatment of targeted lesions. For the AEC, users select a region as the signal sensing region (measuring field, MF) in the flat panel detector; MFs with various sizes and shapes were pre-defined and prepared in the system. The aim of this study was to examine the change of measured dose rate with the selection of MFs, the type of dosimeters (the ionization chamber dosimeter and the semiconductor dosimeter), and the dosimeter placement relative to the direction of X-ray tube (from cathode to anode). The IVR equipment was Allura Xper FD20/10 (Philips Medical Systems), and six kinds of built-in MFs were used. It was found that dose rate measured by the ionization chamber dosimeter showed a variation of -2 mGy/min with the MFs and the ionization chamber dosimeter placement. The dose rate measured by the semiconductor dosimeter showed more variation than the ionization chamber dosimeter. The change of dose rate with the dosimeter placement would be caused by the MF overlapping the dosimeter which would affect the AEC (the X-ray output). Also, the change of dose rate with the dosimeter placement was considered to be related to the heel effect of the X-ray beam. When performing dose rate measurements, we should notice that the selection of MFs, the type of dosimeters, and the dosimeter placement would affect the measured values.
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  • 心臓インターベンション時の皮膚入射線量実測による多施設線量評価
    加藤 守, 千田 浩一, 盛武 敬, 小口 靖弘, 加賀 勇治, 坂本 肇, 塚本 篤子, 川内 覚, 松本 一真, 松村 光章, 大阪 肇 ...
    2016 年 72 巻 1 号 p. 73-81
    発行日: 2016年
    公開日: 2016/01/20
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.2016_JSRT_72.1.73
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    Deterministic effects have been reported in cardiac interventional procedures. To prevent radiation skin injuries in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), it is necessary to measure accurate patient entrance skin dose (ESD) and maximum skin absorbed dose (MSD). We measured the MSD on 62 patients in four facilities by using the Chest-RADIRECⓇ system. The correlation between MSD and fluoroscopic time, dose area product (DAP), and cumulative air kerma (AK) showed good results, with the correlation between MSD and AK being the strongest. The regression lines using MSD as an outcome value (y) and AK as predictor variables (x) was y=1.18x (R2=0.787). From the linear regression equation, MSD is estimated to be about 1.18 times that of AK in real time. The Japan diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) 2015 for IVR was established by the use of dose rates using acrylic plates (20- cm thick) at the interventional reference point. Preliminary reference levels proposed by International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) were provided using DAP. In this study, AK showed good correlation most of all. Hence we think that Japanese DRLs for IVR should reconsider by clinical patients' exposure dose such as AK.
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教育講座—放射線部門をとりまく無線通信技術—
基礎講座—肝臓疾患（特に肝細胞がん）の診断から治療まで—
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