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Volume 37, Issue 3
Displaying 1-20 of 20 articles from this issue
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Yasumi SATO, Tamami TAKAHASHI, Kouichi KATOH, Yoshinori UESAKA, Shinic ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 275-278
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor 18 ectopic pregnancies, we performed imprint cytology cytology of the tuba uterina at the operation. We studied the accuracy of imprint cytology in contrast with pathological specimens. By macroscopic examination, we confirmed villi in 11 of the 18 cases. By microscopic examination, we confirmed villi in three cases in which we could not confirm the villi by macroscopic examination. By cytological examination, we detected trophoblasts in all 18 cases. In conclusion, imprint cytology of the tuba uterina is a useful means of decting ectopic pregnancy.View full abstractDownload PDF (5058K) -
Correlation between histopathologic and cytologic findings, and relationship between exfoliation of neoplastic cells and renal functionFumitaka KOGA, Toyohiko SATOH, Hideo SASAKI, Yoshikatsu HOSOYA, Hirosh ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 279-285
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated 1) the correlation between histopathology and cytologic findings and 2) the relationship between exfoliation of neoplastic cells and renal function by excretory urography affected by tumor-induced urinary obstruction. We used voided urine samples from 38 patients with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the upper urinary tract diagnosed histopathologically during the last 17 years. Cytologic specimens were diagnosed according to Fukui's cytodiagnostic classification based on both the degree of cellular atypia and cellular arrangements. The whole cytologic positive rate was 63% in the present study. The rates of groups with grade 1 (G 1: n=3), G 2 (n=14) and G 3 (n=21) were 0%, 50% and 81%, respectively. All of the G 2 cases with positive cytology were grouped in class IV composed of small malignant cells. Twelve of the 21 cases (57%) with G 3 were class V (p= 0.0002, vs G 1-2), None of the 9 cases with G 1-2 superficial cancers showed cytologic findings of class IV b or higher (p =0.006). In the visualized kidney group (n=21) on an excretory urogram, neoplastic cells were identified in 57% of the G 2 cases and 92% of the G 3 cases. On the other hand, the numbers were 57% of G 2 and 67% of G 3 in the non-visualized kidney group (n=17). The present results suggest that even the patients with severely impaired renal function frequently exfoliate neoplastic cells, and also suggest that voided urine cytodiagnosis by Fukui's criteria well reflects the histopathology of TCC of the upper urinary tract.View full abstractDownload PDF (5973K) -
Yuko NAKANO, Yoshitaka OHTA, Sonoe ITOH, Akiko HARATAKE, Keiko OHTA, A ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 286-291
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCases of meningeal involvement of leukemia and malignant lymphoma were studied cytologically. Malignant cells were observed in 12 out of 50 (24.0%) cerebrospinal fluid samples, suggesting meningeal involvement. All patients received intrathecal methotrexate treatment. The cytologically positive frequency of each subtype of leukemia and lymphoma was as follows All, 3/12 (25.0%); AML: 2/6 (33.3%); AMoL, 2/4 (50.0%); CML, 2/5 (40.0); non Hodgkin's lymphoma, 2/17 (11.2%) and Hodgkin's lymphoma, 1/2 (50.0%). Complete remission was revealed in 6 out of 12 patients after the chemotherapy. Malignant cells in cerebrospinal fluid disappeared shortly after the chemotherapy. The number of cells in the cerebrospinal fluid was from normal to a slight increase in the 6 patients comprising malignant cells as high as 25.4%. A tendency of an increae in the rate of malignant cells was found as the number of cells increased. We conclude that cerebrospinal fluid cytology is useful for early detection and proper treatment of CNS leukemia and malignant lymphoma.View full abstractDownload PDF (5541K) -
Kure Mutual Aid HospitalTsuyuko YAMAMOTO, Jun AOKI, Naomi SASAKI, Kiyomi TANIYAMA, Koji NANBA1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 292-297
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have developed a new fixation-method for urine cytology. It consists of two sequential steps using 2 fixation cocktails. The first fixation-cocktail consists of 0.2% sodium azide and 50% etanol containing 0.8% EDTA-3 K. The second cocktail consists of 2% polyetylene glycol and 95% isopropyl alcohol. In the first step, urine is mixed with 20 ml of the first fixation-cocktail in a 50ml-sized plastic tube and stored for more than one hour at room temperature. After two centrifugations, several droplets of the second fixation-cocktail are added to the urine specimens for the second step. Then the specimens are smeared on silan-treated glass slides. Advantages to this method are follows: 1) this method is simple and needs no special instruments. 2) it makess it possible to smear almost all of the centrifugated cells on to the glass slides. 3) high concentration of cells leads to high efficacy of cytoscreening, 4) red cells are well preserved, 5) no bacterial proliferation follows, 6) diminidiminished crystal formation in the specimens is allows for better microscopic observation, and 7) the method allows the specimens to be stored after the first step for about one week with few cellular changes. This method is very useful for routine urine cytology work and also beneficial for urine checkups.View full abstractDownload PDF (7267K) -
Yukitoshi SATOH, Mayumi UENO, Jyunzou FUJIYAMA, Tadashi IDEI, Yuichi I ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 298-304
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCytologic features of 10 cases of small-sized lung adenocarcinoma, which were detected by chest CT scanning followed by surgical resection, were reported and compared with the features of adenocarcinomas which were detected by conventional chest roentogenography. These 10 lesions were diagnosed as well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (5 cases of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and 5 cases of papillary adenocarcinoma) pathologically. The tumors ranged in diameter from 10 to 20 mm. Aspiration and imprint cytology of these tumors showed characteristic cell features as follows. Discohesive clusters of cells, single cells and/or a sheet-like arrangement were present. The nuclei were rounded or oval with a finely granular chromatin pattern and a thin nuclear membrane, which occasionally showed grooving, and the nucleoli were rounded and prominent. Although the cytologic atypia was regarded as milder than that of control cases, well-differentiated adenocarcinoma was correctly diagnosed bearing in mind nuclear atypia. Therefore we assessed the utility of cytologic examination in small lung adenocarcinomas, which were detectable only by CT scanning, not by chest radiography, with a difficult clinical diagnosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (6894K) -
Katsushige YAMASHIRO, Naoki KAWAMURA, Satoshi MATSUBAYASHI, Kimiko DOT ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 305-312
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe established a static image telepathology system in Hokkaido, Japan, as follows; 1) The system has an FTP server which communicates with clients both on the internet and on the digitized public telephone line (ISDN) via a dialin server. 2) The images captured with a digital still camera show very high quality equivalent to that of HDTV. 3) The system is very cheap, easy to handle, and independent of any type of computer hardware platform. We planned that the static image telepathology should be first applied to the telediagnosis of cytology, and for the past five months as daily work we have diagnosed more than 140 cases only by looking at the videomonitor images transferred from the cytotechnologist of Wakkanai Municipal Hospital, 280 km from Sapporo. By means of the e-mail system (mailing list) we had quick and sufficient discussions about the cytologic findings and diagnoses. We conclude that telecytology is very useful not only for medicine in a region without a medical doctor specialized in cytodiagnosis, but for discussion and consultation among many cytopathologists and cytotechnologists separate from each other.View full abstractDownload PDF (9169K) -
Mamoru MOCHIZUKI, Katsumi TAKAHASHI, Haruhiro EJIRI, Yohei HOSOKAWA1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 313-317
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBackground: combination use of imprint and squash cytology is useful for rapid diagnosis of some neoplasms: tumors of the nervous system and soft tissue neoplasms. However, its application to ovarian neoplasms has not been fully documented.
Case: A 53-year-old Japanese woman was brought to our hospital by ambulance because of an abrupt abdominal pain. At an emergency operation, exploration of the abdomen disclosed torsion of a right ovarian unilocular cyst measuring 15 cm in dimension and containing clear serous fluid. There were two yellowish white solid nodules on the cyst wall: one inside the wall measuring 15 mm, the other, outside, measuring 20 mm. Intraoperative imprint material obtained from the tumors revealed neoplastic cells in an epithelial arrangement. The individual tumor cells possessed irregularly shaped nuclei, fine evenly distributed nuclear chromatin, and scanty cytoplasm. The squash preparations showed an admixture of many tumor cells arranged in microfollicular patterns, and spindle-shaped stromal cells.
Conclusion: In our patient crush preparations were effective in demonstrating microfollicular patterns and stromal cells. It is advantageous to diagnose an adult granulosa cell tumor with a combination of analyses of a frozen section, imprint materials, and a squash preparation.View full abstractDownload PDF (10004K) -
Hiroyuki OHSAKI, Tatuo TAKADA, Muneo NAKAMURA1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 318-322
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors report the case of a 56-year-old woman with primary fibromatosis of the breast. She noticed a mass, 7 cm in diameter, in the left breast and came to this hospital. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) showed a small number of scattered spindle cells with naked nuclei. No malignant cells were seen, so a diagnosis of benign tumor was made. A biopsy performed after admission also showed no malignancy. The clinical impression at the physiological examination was that the mass was a malignant tumor, and a tumorectomy was performed. However, frozen section examination revealed no malignancy. The patient underwent a quadrantectomy. On the basis of these pathological findings, including immunohistochemical examination of the specimen obtained at the operation, we diagnosed the tumor as fibromatosis. A small number of scattered spindle cells with naked nuclei in FNAC from a breast lesion that is clinically suspicious for carcinoma is thought to be an important feature when considering the possible diagnosis of fibromatosis. Fibromatosis of the mammary gland has clinical features similar to those of breast cancer. However, cytological examination reveals not atypical cells but many spindle-shaped cells. Therefore, when FNAC shows many spindle-shaped cells but no evidence of malignancy in a patient clinically diagnosed as having breast cancer, fibromatosis of the mammary gland should be a diagnostic consideration.View full abstractDownload PDF (6969K) -
Takashi UMEZAWA, Eriko KIMURA, Isoko ARASAKI, Yoshio MIYAZAWA, Yasuhik ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 323-327
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA rare case of myoepithelioma arising from the oral cavity in a 47-year-old man is reported. The cytologic characteristics and immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features are described. The finding of fine-needle aspiration cytology was interpreted as myoepithelioma because of the presence of plasmacytoid cells in the reticular mucinous background. The tumor cells were uniform in size and shape, and were seen singly or in clusters. The nuclei were round and often eccentrically located in the light-greenish cytoplasm. The excised tumor was histologically characterized by tumor cells with eccentric nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm. They tended to be arranged in trabecular or alveolar patterns. No acinar or ductal patterns were obvious. S-100 protein, vimentin and cytokeratin (CAM 5.2) were detected in tumor cells by immunohistochemical study, and these findings suggested a myoepithelial nature. In conclusion, cytologic diagnosis of myoepithelioma by fineneedle aspiration seemed possible.View full abstractDownload PDF (9584K) -
Naoko YAMADA, Kouichi NOMURA, Keizo TAKAGI, Yasuo ONO, Takashi HOMMA, ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 328-332
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBackground: Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare high grade carcinoma arising from the salivary glands. Approximately 20% of SDCs are associated with pleomorphic adenoma. Sarcomatoid SDC has not been described. It is important to clarify the cytologic features of SDC to differentiate it from other salivary gland carcinomas because of the different biologic behavior.
Case: A 67-year-old Japanese woman was admitted because of a left parotid mass. An aspiration biopsy cytology specimen suggested malignant myoepithelioma. Cytologic examination of the imprint specimen of the resected tumor revealed clusters of overlapping cells with a focal palisaded arrangement as well as scattered, isolated round or spindle -shaped cells. Necrosis was pronounced. Histologically, the tumor was diagnosed as sarcomatoid SDC ex pleomorphic adenoma. We interpreted the aggregated cells as those of typical SDC and the isolated cells as those of the sarcomatoid element.
Conclusion: Cytologic features of SDC were clusters of overlapping atypical cells showing a palisaded arrangement with necrosis. On the other hand, when isolated, spindleshaped atypical cells are identified, not only malignant myoepithelioma but other carcinomas including sarcomatoid SDC might be considered.View full abstractDownload PDF (9852K) -
Junko NAKAMURA, Mayumi OOHARA, Fusayo TANAKA, Takehiko IKEYA, Mitsuko ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 333-338
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA case in which malignant mesothelioma cells appeared in the sputum is reported. The same mesothelioma cells were observed in cytologic smears stained by the Papanicolaou method and in ultrastructurally examined preparations. Cytologically, malignant cells formed loose clusters. Their cytoplasm was basophilic, dense and abundant. Their nuclei were round and centrally located. One or two prominent nucleoli were also observed. Ultrastructurally, malignant cells were characterized by the presence of numerous long microvilli from the cell surface and numerous intermediate filaments aggregated near the nuclei. So, malignant cells found in sputum assured the diagnosis as malignant mesothelioma cells. Histologic findings of pleural biopsy specimens showed a honey-comb-like arrangement of tumor cells surrounding a fibrous stroma. The tumor cells stained positive with Alcian blue and colloidal-iron and both were digested with hyaluronidase. By these findings and immunohisto immunohistochemical findings, pleural biopsy specimens were also histologically diagnosed as malignant mesothelioma.View full abstractDownload PDF (13114K) -
Yoshihito YANO, Reiji HABA, Katsuyuki NOMA, Shoji KOBAYASHI, Tatsuo KU ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 339-343
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBackground: No report on the cytology of pleural effusion of atypical carcinoid of the lung could be found in the literature.
Case: The patient was a 66-year-old woman. Preoperative bronchial brushing cytology revealed small scattered tumor cells with a little rosette formation. The tumor cells had rich cytoplasm, round nuclei, and finely even granular chromatin. From these findings, a diagnosis of carcinoid was easy, but we could not diagnose it as atypical carcinoid because of the lack of nuclear atypia, mitosis, and necrosis. Histologically, the tumor cells had oxyphilic-rich cytoplasm, a high N/C ratio, and high mitotic activity proliferating in an alveolar and trabecular pattern with foci of rosette-like formation. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive for chromogranin. From these findings, it was diagnosed as atypical carcinoid. On the other hand, in the cytological examination of the pleural effusion which recurred 7 years postoperatively, tumor cells showed moderately different nuclear size, pleomorphism, a low mitotic rate, and coarsely uneven granular chromatin.
Conclusion: We could diagnose atypical carcinoid from cytology of the pleural effusion, because of the small tumor cells with foci of rosette-like formation, moderate nuclear atypism, a few mitoses, and positivity for chromogranin immunocytochemically.View full abstractDownload PDF (10300K) -
Shokichi TAJIMA, Yasuo SHIBUKI, Akira HEBISAWA, Hikotaro KOMATSU1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 344-348
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung is a rare tumor arising from a central bronchus. We experienced two cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung. One case arose from a central bronchus and the other arose from a peripheral bronchus.
Tumor cells of the two cases resembled each other. Atypical squamous cells and atypical mucinous cells and cells of transitional forms were observed in both cases. Atypia of tumor cells was very weak. We believe these findings are the main characteristics of mucoepidermoid carcinoma.View full abstractDownload PDF (10652K) -
Seiko KAMIJO, Naomi KAWANO, Yoshiaki INAYAMA, Yukio NAKATANI, Yoichiro ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 349-352
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA case of nocardiosis diagnosed by aspiration cytology is reported. A 51-year-old woman who had been on steroid therapy for polymyositis and interstitial pneumonia for 3 years presented with a subcutaneous mass in the right subauricular region. Fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed under a clinical diagnosis of malignant neoplasm. Microscopically, there were scattered collections of branching fine filamentous organisms with the background of numerous neutrophils. The organisms were Gram-positive and acidfast by the Fite-Faraco method. Based on their morphological and staining charactaristics, they were diagnosed as Nocardia spp.. Biochemical characterization after culture established the diagnosis of Nocardia asteroides infection. The incidence of nocardiosis is increasing mainly among immunocompromised patients and it sometimes takes a fatal course. Nocardial filaments are very delicate in Papanicolaou stained preparations and easily overlooked. Nocardiosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of abscess material in aspiration cytology, especially in the setting of an immunocompromised states.View full abstractDownload PDF (2801K) -
Minatsu MIYASAKA, Nobuyoshi HIRAOKA, Hirotaka ISHIMORI, Ken MARUMO, Ak ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 353-357
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPrimary signet ring cell carcinoma of the bladder is extremely rare and is known as a tumor with poor prognosis. Here we report a case of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the bladder that recurred seven years after transuretheral resection of the tumor. A 67-year-old man had a pedunculated 0.5-cm tumor in the right lateral wall of the bladder. Histologically, the tumor showed proliferation of atypical signet ring cells without other tumor components such as transitional cell carcinoma. No other primary tumors were detected by a systemic examination. Therefore the tumor was interpreted as of bladder, not urachal, origin. No cystoscopic abnormalities were recognized during the clinical follow-up studies. Urinary cytology, however, reveoled recurrence of atypical signet ring cells seven years postoperatively. The patient died of acute interstitial pneumonitis 80 months after the operation and was autopsied. Signet ring cell carcinoma cells involved mostly lymphatic vessels in the bladder wall and pelvic organs. There were tumor metastases only in the lymph nodes of the paraortic region, the posterior mediastinum, and the neck, not in the lungs and the liver. This patient had a tumor unique in its spreading and was one of the longest surviors ever reported.View full abstractDownload PDF (6244K) -
Tadashi SAITO, Jun-ichi TAMARU, Junko KAYAO, Yoshihiko KUZUU, Miyuki S ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 358-363
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPrecursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) is a high grade malignancy occuring predominantly in adolescent and young adult males, often those with a mediastinal tumor mass. The clinical diagnosis of T-LBL is often very difficult in patients with neither peripheral lymphoadenopathy nor bone marrow involvement. In a patient with pleural effusion, cytological analysis of the pleural fluid is very important for diagnosis of T-LBL and determining its immunophenotypic characteristics. We describe here a case of T-LBL diagnosed by cytological analysis and immunocytochemical study of neoplastic cells obtained from pleural fluid. The patient was a 42-year-old man, with a mediastinal tumor mass, rapid dyspnea, SVC syndrome and pleural effusion. Peripheral lymphoadenopathy and bone marrow involvement were absent. In the pleural fluid, neoplastic cells were composed of relatively uniform, intermediate sized cells showing a fine nuclear chromatin pattern and scanty basophilic cytoplasm. These cells showed a precursor T-cell phenotype by immunocytochemical study and by surface marker analysis using flow cytometry. Therefore cytological analysis of a fine needle aspirate is indispensable for diagnosis of malignant lymphoma in patients with normal bone marrow aspirates and no peripheral lymphoadenopathy. This technique can be most useful for avoidance of a surgical biopsy in a patient considered a poor surgical candidate.View full abstractDownload PDF (6123K) -
Akiteru GOTO, Tsuyoshi ISHIDA, Hajime HORIUCHI, Yumie SUZUKI, Ayako HI ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 364-369
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBackground: Alveolar soft part sarcoma is a rare tumor, accounting for less than 1% of all primary soft tissue malignant tumors. This tumor has a characteristic morphologic feature, but its histogenesis is controversial. A case of alveolar soft part sarcoma of the larynx, an unusual primary site for this rare sarcoma, is reported.
Case: A 34-year-old woman was found to have a submucosal tumor in the right vocal cord. The Papanicolaouand PAS-stained imprint cytology specimen obtained by incisional biopsy showed sheet-like and minimally cohesive clusters composed of tumor cells with abundant polygonalshaped cytoplasm. The tumor cells had large and round nuclei with one to a few prominent nucleoli. Intra-nuclear cytoplasmic pseudoinclusions were noted. The cytoplasm showed a granular appearance with Papanicolaou stain and contained PAS-positive granules, however, PAS-positive needle-shaped crystalloids were not identified. Histologically, the tumor showed the characteristic feature of alveolar soft part sarcoma. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed positive staining for vimentin, desmin, muscle specific actin, and α-smooth muscle actin. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells possessed numerous mitochondria and spicular crystal crystalloid material.
Conclusion: It is thought to be possible to distinguish alveolar soft part sarcoma from granular cell tumor, paraganglioma, oncocytoma, and metastatic renal cell carcinoma cytologically by the characteristic features of the cytoplasm and nucleus found in the PAS-stained specimens in addition to Papanicolaou-stained ones.View full abstractDownload PDF (11905K) -
Shinji SAKURAI, Toshiro KAWAI, Nobuyuki KANAI, Sachiko KUBONO, Mitsuak ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 370-371
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (4402K) -
Takuo KANAHARA, Noriko OSUGI, Yoshiki MIKAMI, Michio SHIMIZU, Mitsuyos ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 372-373
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (4724K) -
Masaomi SASAKI, Tomoko HABA, Kenichi WAKASA, Yoshihiro IKURA, Tomomi H ...1998 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 374-375
Published: May 22, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (4139K)
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