Japanese Journal of Sociological Criminology
Online ISSN : 2424-1695
Print ISSN : 0386-460X
ISSN-L : 0386-460X
Volume 27
Displaying 1-26 of 26 articles from this issue
  • Article type: Cover
    2002 Volume 27 Pages Cover1-
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (44K)
  • Article type: Cover
    2002 Volume 27 Pages Cover2-
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (44K)
  • Article type: Index
    2002 Volume 27 Pages Toc1-
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (44K)
  • Article type: Appendix
    2002 Volume 27 Pages App1-
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (15K)
  • A Commentary on the Featured Articles
    Nobuo Komiya
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 4-10
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    I agree with Maeno's argument that victim-offender restitution and direct conversation are key concepts of restorative justice, because it is necessary to build human, "analog" elements here and there in our society to prevent crimes stemming from the dehumanizing digitalization of society. In addition, as Morris and Umbreit et al. point out, it is necessary to include "conflict resolution by the community" in the key concepts of restorative justice. As Maeno argues, restorative justice offers more opportunities for putting an apology into words and forming a feasible compensation plan than conventional criminal justice does. Another advantage is the considerable extent to which victims and offenders can affect decisions regarding the treatment of offenders, as Morris points out. In addition, according to the article by Umbreit et al., restorative justice might be regarded as a method to reduce recidivism. Maeno notes that restorative justice procedures can be initiated either by lawyers or judges. He assumes that there is no element of compulsion involved when lawyers act as instigators. However, contrary to digital-oriented legal judgments, it is suitable for an analog-oriented restorative justice to evaluate the element of compulsion carefully from a socio-psychological perspective according to the degree to which the lawyer affects the process. Diversity is a key concept in the 21st century. Restorative justice enhances diversity by bringing the victim and the community into the offender-centered, traditional criminal justice system. However, a strong victim support network and community empowerment are necessary to achieve restorative justice.
    Download PDF (692K)
  • Justice on the Citizen's Initiative
    Ikuzo Maeno
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 11-26
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    There are no criminal or juvenile justice procedures that are based upon citizen initiative in Japan. Although the victim and community suffer most from crime, they have the least influence on criminal or juvenile justice. A sound justice system cannot be established without including a restorative justice component that meets victims' needs. A victim wants to know why and how the crime was committed, to ask for the offender's apology, and to receive adequate compensation from the offender. It is necessary for Japan to have a system to fulfill these demands. It is much better to realize such demands outside the formal criminal and juvenile justice systems rather than inside them. VOM (victim-offender mediation) is the most suitable forum for meeting the needs of victims. VOM is a more dialog-driven than settlement-driven process. Civil and criminal justice have been entirely separated since the beginning of modern times, contrary to the practices of ancient times when the two were united. Restorative justice combines them again. Offenders' taking responsibility for the harm they caused their victims is much more important than their being punished by the state. In Japan we should pursue restorative justice through the auspices of non-governmental or non-profit organizations. It would be best for a district court or a family court to entrust an NGO or an NPO with carrying out restorative justice.
    Download PDF (1661K)
  • Allison Morris
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 27-35
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (732K)
  • What We Are Learning From Research
    Mark S. Umbreit, Robert B. Coates, Betty Vos
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 36-57
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
  • Article type: Appendix
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 59-
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (11K)
  • A form of child abuse in contemporary society
    Saori Nambu
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 60-73
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSBP) is a rare form of physical abuse in which perpetrators fabricate or induce illnesses in their chargeable persons. These perpetrators then bask in the attention afforded them by others, such as doctors, medical staffs, or relations. They can play good parent's role throughout the predicament in which they have severely ill child. However, the deceiving of doctors results in the children being subjected to unnecessary and injurious medical tests and/or treatments. An overdose case was reported, in which a child was given several medicines because her mother reported multiple signs and symptoms in each hospital. In fact, not a few children are dead of MSBP failure. The characteristics of MSBP suggest that it is a phenomenon linked to broader social issues such as isolation and "virtual reality", not just an aberration. This paper brings in discussions of lessons to be learned about MSBP crime, according situations, medical institution, investigating authority, and criminal court.
    Download PDF (1435K)
  • A Neighborhood-Level Analysis of Process and Effect
    Juichi Kobayashi
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 74-86
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Structural equation modeling was used to empirically examine a theoretical model of the process and effect of empowerment of community activities for preventing juvenile delinquency. A questionnaire survey was administered to 10,110 junior high school students, 9,180 parents and 1,421 volunteer activists selected from 92 public school districts throughout the country. The students were asked about their informal relationships with adult residents in the community and recent experiences of delinquency. The parents were asked to report their participation in community activities to prevent juvenile delinquency. The volunteer activists were asked to report their sense of control over their neighborhoods and evaluation of their activities to prevent juvenile delinquency. Since school districts were the units of analysis, the responses to the questionnaire were aggregated to produce neighborhood-level variables, which were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The main results are as follows : 1) More democratic and efficient management is likely to encourage involvement by volunteer activists mainly through increasing their sense of control over their neighborhoods. 2) High levels of participation by volunteer activists is likely to reduce delinquent activities among junior high school students primarily through the increase of informal social control of youth activities by community residents.
    Download PDF (1253K)
  • Article type: Appendix
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 87-
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (10K)
  • research on arrest decisions in the United States
    Mamiko Yoshikawa
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 88-101
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Police responses to domestic violence (DV) in the United States drastically changed in the last quarter of the 20th century. Today arrest is the preferred police response to DV articulated in almost every state code. Every state but one authorizes warrantless, probable cause arrest for crimes involving DV. Some states have passed mandatory arrest laws. In spite of the change from "no-intervention" to "pro-arrest" found in both legislations and police department policy, victim advocates and feminist scholars condemn the police for continuing to show leniency toward male suspects in domestic assault cases. Accordingly a number of studies have examined whether police under-enforce laws against DV. This paper suggests two points from the gender perspective of view. First, an officer's genderbias affects his assessment of the intimate relationship between a male suspect and a female victim, which may result in discrimination against female victims. Second, consideration of both gender and due process are required in the police response to DV cases. By reviewing six studies on arrest decisions for DV, this paper seeks to identify the factors that will significantly influence officers' arrest decisions and to delineate situational factors that may protect victims' safety and interests without risking defendants' due process rights.
    Download PDF (1395K)
  • Hideo OKAMOTO
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 102-112
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Only a minority of juvenile delinquents commits crimes after reaching adulthood. The purpose of this study is to identify the risk factors of adult criminal conduct. I monitored the progress of 137 boys, who had been inmates in a juvenile detention and classification home, until they had reached at least age 26. The dependent variable was whether or not the subjects were imprisoned as adults. The independent variables were based on information recorded at the time the subjects were first committed as juveniles. Logistic regression analysis reveals four risk factors : (1) living apart from one's mother, (2) being unemployed, (3) being young at time of first commitment to juvenile detention, and (4) having been committed to a training school or other institution.
    Download PDF (1040K)
  • Hiroshi Tsutomi, David Farrington, Anthony Petrosino
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 113-118
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
  • Mari Hirayama
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 119-124
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (640K)
  • Tomomi Kawasaki
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 125-128
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (425K)
  • Minoru Yokoyama
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 129-132
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (471K)
  • Yoko Noda
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 133-135
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (414K)
  • Takashi Kubo
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 136-137
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (256K)
  • Article type: Appendix
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 138-139
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (108K)
  • Article type: Appendix
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 140-141
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (100K)
  • Article type: Appendix
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 142-
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (45K)
  • Article type: Appendix
    2002 Volume 27 Pages 143-
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (78K)
  • Article type: Cover
    2002 Volume 27 Pages Cover3-
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (35K)
  • Article type: Cover
    2002 Volume 27 Pages Cover4-
    Published: October 26, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (35K)
feedback
Top