The purpose of this study is to clarify skew driven by pulleys with in-plane angular misalignment. A thin flat test belt was driven under the condition of a constant speed with quasi free of torque between two pulleys. In-plane angular misalignment of driving or driven pulley was applied by rotating base plates of pulleys. The displacement in the width direction of belt was measured by laser displacement sensor. Approaching and departing angle during belt skew was measured by images analysis. Acceleration of belt in the width direction was also measured by an acceleration sensor attached on the flat belt. The result shows that the skew ratio defined as the ratio of the belt displacement in the width direction to the belt moving distance was linearly increased with increasing of angular misalignment of driving pulley or angular misalignment of driven pulley. The belt approaching direction of belt was relatively close to the direction of the axis which is normal to pulley compared to belt departing angle. It was found that, the direction of skew was inverted depending on the condition whether in-plane angular misalignment was applied to the driving pulley or driven pulley.

In this paper, in order to clarify the effect of heat on die casting of Mg-Al-RE alloy, the relationship between the die temperature and internal porosities were investigated. Furthermore, the mechanical properties exerted by the solidification microstructure were also investigated. Moreover, two sleeves that are equipped with each system that keeps the molten metal heated were newly developed. The cast samples were investigated using an X-ray CT scan, tensile tests, Vickers hardness tests, and solidification microstructure observations. As the die temperature increased, it was confirmed that porosities generation were suppressed while the tensile strength increased. The tensile tests and the X-ray CT scans revealed that the porosity volume increased due to partial fractures caused by stress concentration around the porosities. The tensile strength increased when the mold temperature is higher due to the increase of transgranular fractures in comparison to the intergranular fractures. It was also clearly clarified that the newly developed resistive heating sleeve promotes the growing of chilled layers where it eventually increased the Vickers hardness of the casting surface. Hence, this paper experimentally verified that it is effective to control heat by introducing the novel heated sleeve systems in die casting.