Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science
Online ISSN : 1880-358X
Print ISSN : 0013-7626
ISSN-L : 0013-7626
Volume 36, Issue 3
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
  • The isolation of host-specific toxin from the natural lesions, and the chemicals which decrease in toxicity of that toxin
    M. OHKAWA, H. TORIKATA
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 263-267
    Published: 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The isolation of host-specific toxin from natural lesions attacked the young leaves of Nijisseiki, susceptible variety, by black spot disease fungus of Japanese pear (Alternaria kikuchiana TANAKA) and decrease in toxicity of that toxin with various chemicals was described.
    The isolation of K-III fraction (host-specific toxin) from culture filtrate and mycelium of causal fungus was previously reported. The toxin isolated from natural lesions was identified that fraction with thin layer chromatography and plant test, so that the fraction was regarded as vivotoxin.
    Toxicity of that fraction was decreased with tannic acid, pyrogallol, hydroxyhydroquinone, pcresol and dimethyl sulfoxide. Effect of tannic acid on toxicity of that fraction was excelled. Toxicity of that fraction (200ppm) was completely inhibited with tannic acid of 10, 000ppm and moderately inhibited with the same substance 1, 000 and 100ppm. The consequent decrease in necrosis on the young leaves was depened upon the relative concentration of both that fraction and tannic acid.
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  • Respiration and changes in the concentrations of metabolic substances in the treated fruits with fatty acid or glycerine
    J. HIRAI, N. HIRATA, S. HORIUCHI
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 268-274
    Published: 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    After the treatment with linolenic acid or glyceine at the best time of oleification to hasten the maturity of the fig fruit, the respiratory drift, contents of carbohydrates, concentrations of volatile substances, such as acetaldehyde, ethyl alcohol and ethylene, and activities of plant growth substances on the fruits were determined until the maturity.
    1. The application of linolenic acid to the eye of the fruit stimulated strikingly the ripening of the fruit and the fruit matured 5 days after treatment. No effect on hastening the maturity of glycerine was observed.
    The respiration rate of the treated fruit with linolenic acid increased rapidly from the next day of the treatment, reached a climacteric maximum in respiration 2 days after treatment, while those of the treated fruit with glycerine reached a climacteric maximum in respiration 14 days after treatment.
    2. The content of reducing sugar in the fruit with linolenic acid increased rapidly after treatment, attained a maximum at the maturity. On the other hand, the content of malic acid in the fruit with linolenic acid increased immediately, attained a maximum 1 day after treatment (at the beginning of coloring in the skin) and then decreased abruptly until the maturity.
    3. As expressed in mg per 100g flesh matter, acetaldehyde and ethyl alcohol contents in the fruit with linolenic acid increased rapidly, reached a peak at the time of climacteric maximum in respiration (2 days after treatment), followed by the striking depression and again rising at maturity.
    4. Ethylene concentration in the fruit with linolenic acid also increased rapidly, reached a maximum at the post-climacteric periods (4 days after treatment), afterwards the concentration decreased.
    5. In the treated fruit with linolenic acid, the activities of several endogenous growth substances, such as IAA, IBA, IAN and GA3 like substances were higher than comparable those in the fruit with glycerine. However, the seasonal changes in activities of endogenous growth substances following the ripeness of the fruit with linolenic acid were like those shown for the fruit with glycerine.
    6. From the data presented here, it is suggested that the treatment with fatty acid to hasten the maturity is more effective than the glycerine treatment, and its effect may be due to the oxidative products made from fatty acid.
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  • Effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the growth, flowering and fruit setting of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)
    T. IMAZU, K. YABUKI, Y. ODA
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 275-280
    Published: 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of atmospheric CO2 concentrations on the growth, flowering and fruit setting of eggplant.
    Cultivar of eggplant, “Senryo”, grown in polyvinyl plastic growth chambers were treated with CO2 at 4 levels of concentrations, 200, 300 (normal air), 900 and 3, 000ppm, for 8 hours daily from April 1 to June 30, 1964. Above normal CO2 concentrations were obtained by regulation of the flow rate of air and CO2 from cylinder at inlet to the chambers. The chamber used for below normal CO2 was sealed off and air in the chamber was recirculated through the air conditioner and maintained about 200ppm.
    1) Differences in growth and appearance of the plants grown under the normal and the above normal levels of CO2 were apparent within 20 days. At the end of treatment, marked increases in fresh and dry weights, number of leaves and leaf area were observed as the CO2 concentrations increased, but there was little effect on plant height. In the 3, 000ppm chamber, fresh and dry weight yields of plant were increased about 1.5-1.6 times as compared to that in the 300ppm chamber. Similarly, leaf area in the 3, 000ppm chamber was about 1.2 times as compared to that in the 300ppm chamber, and this consisted of both expansion in leaf size and increase in number of leaves per plant. Moreover, CO2 enrichment enhanced net assimilation rate. NAR in the 3, 000ppm chamber doubled as compared with that in the 300ppm chamber. This was a similar result to that. obtained with swiss chard in a previous report.
    2) As CO2 concentrations increased, number of flowers increased, while the ratio of the abnormal short or moderate styled flower to the normal long styled flower decreased. Similarly, percentage of fruit set per flower opened and the total yield of fruit increased. Fresh and dry weight yields of fruit in the 3, 000ppm chamber were 2, 271g and 135.9g, respectively, compared to 734.5g and 58.1 g in the 300ppm chamber.
    3) Content of chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in leaves were not significantly affected by CO2 concentrations, while their amounts per plant increased as the CO2 concentrations were raised.
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  • Effects of early environmental conditions and cultural treatments on the morphological and physiological development of flowers and the flower drop
    T. SAITO, H. ITO
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 281-289
    Published: 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the previous report, the authors investigated the influence of night temperature, light intensity and fertility of bed soil upon the morphological and physiological development of the tomato flowers and the flower drop.
    The present studies were carried out to ascertain the influence of watering, defoliation and application of gibberellin upon the morphological and physiological development of the tomato flowers and the flower drop.
    1. Effects of early environmental conditions and cultural treatments on the morphological development and the premature drop of the flowers.
    Tomato seedlings (Variety: Fukuju No. 2) were grown and supplied 50-100ml, 300ml and 500ml irrigation water per pot every day. The less became the water supply, the smaller became the flowers, with smaller sepals, petals, anthers and ovaries. The water supply, however, did not influence the flower drop.
    The mature leaves of tomato seedlings were removed alternately or successively at the nodes from 1 to 8 when they reached to about 10cm in length. Tomato seedlings were sprayed with solution of gibberellin A3 at 100ppm when the cotyledon expanded fully and repeated eight times at 5-day-intervals. The defoliation of mature leaves and/or the application of gibberellin A3 retarded the morphological development of flowers and hence resulted in forming smaller flowers with smaller sepals, petals, ovaries and especially smaller anthers and heavy flower drop ensued.
    2. Relations between the morphological and physiological development of the tomato flowers.
    The seedlings grown under the less water supply contained the higher levels of nitrogenous constituents and the lower levels of carbohydrates in the flowers, stems and leaves and had smaller flowers.
    The seedlings, defoliated the mature leaves, and/or supplied with gibberellin A3 contained the lower levels of total sugars, starch and polysaccharides in the flowers, stems and leaves. The seedlings had smaller flowers and especially smaller anthers. with mostly abortive pollens and lower auxin content.
    3. Relations between the flower drop and the morphological and physiological development of the flowers.
    The flower drop of the seedlings defoliated the mature leaves and/or supplied gibberellin A3 were not effectively controlled by the auxin application at full bloom.
    The results of the previous and present experiments show that the deficiency of carbohydrates and/or nitrogenous constituents in the flowers, stems and leaves increased the flower drop, however the flower drop were modified by the auxin application at full bloom, and the flower drop of the seedlings grown at the high night temperature and/or under the low light intensity were effectively controlled by the auxin application at full bloom.
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  • On the amounts of bed soil as related to properties of the soils, and spacings
    M. MASUI, T. TAKADA
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 290-298
    Published: 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1. To clarify the suitable amounts of soils with different properties for muskmelon cultivation, ten plots which consisted of factorial combinations of five levels of soil weight (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30kg per plant), and two kinds of soil property (sandy soil and clayey soil) were established, and effects of these treatments on the growth, fruit weight and quality, and accumulations of the five elements in the whole plant were investigated.
    2. With increasing soil weight from 10 to 30kg per plant, the growth of plant as measured by the dry weight of the whole plant, fruit weight, and accumulations of the five elements in the whole plant increased. On the contrary the pH, electrical conductivity, NO3-N concentration, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium and calcium of the soil decreased. Using the clayey soil, the growth of the plant and the accumulations of the five elements in the whole plant increased and the fruit showed favourable external appearance On. the contrary the pH, NO3-N concentration, and electrical conductivity lowered in the cleyey soil.
    3. The growth of the plants, the weight and quality of the fruits in the plots of S-10, S-15 and C-10 were slightly inferior to those in the other plots. These results seemed to be highly correlated with the electrical conductivity of the soil. Judging from these results, the suitable amounts of sandy soil and clayey soil for muskmelon cultivation under the fertilization management previously described seemed to be more than 20kg and 15kg per plant, respectively.
    4. To clarify the suitable amounts of soil under the different spacings between plants for muskmelon cultivation, nine plots which consisted of factorial combinations of three levels each of soil weight (15, 20 and 25kg per plant), and spacing (44. 5, 41.5 and 38.5cm between plants) were established using the sandy soil, and effects of these treatments on the growth, fruit weight and quality, and accumulations of the five elements in the whole plant were investigated.
    5. Though the growth of the plant as measured by the dry weight of the whole plant, fruit weight and accumulations of the four elements in the whole plant were slightly greater in 20 and 25kg soil weight per plant than those in 15kg soil weight, the differences of those in 20 and 25kg soil weight were not significant.
    6. Though the growth of the plant, fruit weight, and accumulations of the four elements in the whole plant were slightly smaller in 41.5 and 38.5cm spacing than those in 44.5cm spacing, the differences of these in 41.5 and 38.5cm spacings were not significant.
    7. With decreasing soil weight from 25 to 15kg per plant, the electrical conductivity and NO3-N concentration of the soil increased. This increased electrical conductivity seemed to be highly correlated with the slightly depressed growth, and the light brownish roots, which were observed in the plots of 15kg soil weight.
    Judging from these results, the suitable amounts of sandy soil for muskmelon cultivation seemed to be 20kg per plant under the 38.5cm spacing between plants.
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  • Fresh weight and dry matter content of the leaves for indications of the growth and maturity
    M. NAGAI
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 299-305
    Published: 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In order to clarify the pattern of growth and maturing process in the onion plant, the fresh weight, dry weight, and dry matter contents of leaf blade and leaf sheath were measured in each of individual leaves through the maturing process in 1960, 64 and 65.
    In the ordinary vegetative growth period the growth curve of each leaf was sigmoidal, during which the leaf blade had two stages characterized by low dry matter content. In the first stage the leaf was actively developing and the dry weight of leaf blade reached nearly a maximum, when the leaf would be rich in moisture and nitrogenous nutrients and little in carbohydrates yet. In the second stage, the leaf would be in senescent stage, and the carbohydrates and the other nutrients in the leaf blade would be translocated to more inner leaves through the leaf sheath.
    After the beginning of bulb formation, the dry matter contents became low in the leaf blades and the upper part of leaf sheathes in all foliage leaves, and became high in the basal part of leaf sheathes. This would be concerned with the translocation of carbohydrates and other nutrients for the bulb formation. The high content of dry matter in the bulb was maintained untill the bulb attained to full maturity.
    In the the transplant culture, after the transplanting, the seedlings increased in dry matter content and swelled in the basal part of the plant. But the dry matter content was low in the living part of the outermost foliage leaf in senescent condition. Thereafter the dry matter content became low in all parts of the plant. This seems to reflect the rejuvanation of the plant resulting from recovering of root systems accompanied by excellent uptake of nutrients and moisture. This physiologically young condition of the plant retarded the initiation of the bulb formation. And this process would compensate for insufficiency of vegetative growth due to a checked effect of the transplanting.
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  • Effects of plant growth regulators on the swelling of sheaths
    M. TERABUN
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 306-314
    Published: 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This work was conducted to see the effects the plant growth regulators on the bulbing and to clarify the relationship between these chemicals and the bulbing using young onion plants, mainly var. Kaizuka-Wase.
    1. The six growth regulators, such as IAA, NAA, 2, 4-D, kinetin, TIBA, and MH were foliar supplied under short-day condition.
    The only MH in excess of 500ppm exerted swelling of basal sheaths, which resulted in increase of parenchyma cellsize, although other five chemicals were found to have no effect on the swelling at any concentration.
    Moreover, the higher the concentration of MH, the more the sheath swelled, MH-induced swelling was followed by increase in sugar content in leafsheaths and blades, both their leaves and their roots ceased to develop soon after treatment of MH, then increased the ratio of top weight to root weight.
    Above mentioned phenomema which induced by MH were similar to those induced by long days, and effects of MH were expressed as a substitution for long-day effect under non-inductive condition.
    From these results, it assumed that MH-iuduced swelling mainly will be caused by inhibition of meristematic activity in the bud, and secondly by accumulation of sugar in the sheaths.
    2. However, it was possible to induce bulb formation by exposing the plants for several days to the long-day condition, when onion plants were exposed to long day and sprayed with 2, 4-D in excess of 20ppm, the bulb formation was inhibited. Moreover, the higher the concentration of 2, 4-D supplied, the less the sheaths swelled, followed by increase of length of leaf-sheath.
    And also inhibition of bulb-formation resulted in decrease of size of parenchyma cell.
    Onion plants being exposed to long days (24hr per day) for 5, 7 and 9, were treated with 2, 4-D of 200ppm, and followed by short days.
    However, the bulb-formation were inhibited, the longer the exposure to long day, the more the sheaths swelled.
    But, in the case of shorter exposure, the onion plants did not form the bulb.
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  • On the thermoperiodicity of juvenile tulip
    M. SISA, H. HIGUCHI
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 315-323
    Published: 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the present experiments from the view of autoecology in the juvenile phase of tulip the relation between temperature and growing phase were mainly examined and investigations are to be made with respect to the method for shortening the juvenile phase under the controlled environment.
    It was proved that the annual juvenile bulbs conditioned by the treatment with 23°C for 20 days before lifting and with 4°C for 45 days after lifting, the sprouting time at 13°C was retarded and irregular sprouts were observed.
    In the case of treatment with high (35°C) and low (4°C) temperature, the sprouting became earlier and the sprouting in uniform was shown. It was concluded that the treatment with high and low temperature is more effective means for promotion of sprouting in comparison with the single treatment of high or low temperature. Accordingly in practice a treatment with high temperature for 20 days and low temperature for 40 days was considered to be sufficient.
    Observing from the amount of production of bulbs, it was confirmed that the optimum duration of growth in a phytotron held at 13°C was about 130 days, and thereafter the temperature for growth was raised to about 23°Cso as to induce the bulb into dormancy.
    From the results of similar experiments which were carried out on biennial juvenile bulbs, it was found that the biennial bulbs has a thermoperiodicity similar to that the annual bulbs.
    The above mentioned results for the long thermoperiodicity in the juvenile phase of tulip were summarized as follows:
    20vH+40L+120M+20H
    where vH is 35°, L is 4°, M is 13°, and H is 23°C. and number is day of the treatment with definite temperature.
    The seedling of tulip reaches to adult phase after 6 years under the natural environment, however, it was shown by the results of part I and II in this experiments, that the juvenile phase would be shortened to about 3.2 years under the controlled environment.
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  • Climatic measurements in the cooling greenhouse with ornamental crops
    Y. KAWAKATSU, T. NAKAO
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 324-332
    Published: 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1. Climatic factors were measured in large gutter-connected greenhouses which are equipped with the cooling system as pad-and fan in Kusatsu City of Shiga Prefecture.
    2. The greenhouses measured were so different from one another in their structures, aeration systems and crops, that the temperature and wind velocity were studied for three to four successive sunny days during August 4 to 17, 1965.
    3. When the direction of ventilation crossed in the greenhouse with a continuous roof, the results were as follows. The temperature was maximum at the point just under the ridge of the roof, and minimum under the furrow. On the contrary, the velocity of wind was maximum at the point under the furrow and minimum under the ridge. The temperature of ventilated wind increased as it flowed from the pad side to the fan side, and it reached the outdoor temperature just before the wind went out.
    4. The increase in temperature was linear in the greenhouse in which the ventilation system ran parallel with the ridge. The increasing rate of temperature in this type of greenhouse was more remarkable than that in the crossed type.
    5. The cooling effect on carnation planted in beds was more distinct than on carnation planted in benches or rose planted in beds. The temperature increased most in the greenhouse which had vigorous roses of tall height in it.
    6. Two things must be considered about the cooling effect of greenhouse, namely the heat exchange of water and the cooling effect by evaporation. The heat exchange of water is constant when the temperature and the amount of water are constant, while cooling by evaporation is variable depending upon the direction of ventilation capactity of fan and some factors of weather.
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  • T. AOBA
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 333-338
    Published: 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This study was carried out to ascertain the effects of different temperature on seed germination of 21 species of garden ornamentals in Allium. The results are summarized as follows:
    1. Weight of 100 seeds varied depending on the species, from 69 to 856mg (Table 1). However, there was no relation between the weight of seed and percentage of germination.
    2. Percentage of germination of seed in ornamental Alliums was observed at 5°, 13° and 20°C. Based on the results showed in Table 2, it seemed that the optimum temperature for seed germination varied in the species.
    3. From the results obtained above, species of Allium are classified into the following four types:
    a. Germination occurs under warm conditions (20°C)
    b. Germination occurs under cool conditions (5-13°C)
    c. Germination occurs under cold conditions(2-7°C)
    d. Germination occurs at wide range of temperature (5-25°C)
    4. The genus Allium, containing 500 or more species, is divided into six sections taxonomically. Based on the results observed, it is likely that section I corresponds to b type and section III corresponds to a type and section V to b or c type respectively. The species belonging to d type have had long history as vegetables.
    5. It seems that the optimum temperature for seed germination is closely related with the climate of native land of the species, i.e. the species distributed in Mediterranean, steppe and continental climate zone corresponds to cool, cold and warm germinating type respectively.
    6. Since most of garden ornamentals of Allium have not been bred until today, it seems that they continue to have character adapted to climatic conditions of their native land.
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  • I. The inhibiting action of non-induced leaves on floral stimulus
    T. TANAKA
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 339-347
    Published: 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Almost the same budding response as in the inductive treatments of entire, fully foliated plant was obtained only if the upper 5 to 7 expanded leaves, adjacent to the apex, were given short day treatments. Even a single just-expanded leaf was sufficient to produce the macroscopically visible bud though with some delay.
    The localized photoperiodic treatments of SD/LD or LD/SD in the case of two leaves in the upper portion indicated that LD leaves inhibited the action of SD leaves, ability to induce flower formation at the apex and to stimulate growth. Increasing the number of LD leaves situated between the apex and 8 SD leaves, if they were mature ones, did not prevent the bud appearance, but only delayed. Stem elongation decreased inversely with increasing the number of LD leaves.
    Inhibiting action of LD leaves may be attributable to decreasing activity of floral stimulus at the apex.
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  • Y. UCHIYAMA
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 348-356
    Published: 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    From the results of this experiment on the effects of gamma irradiation on the sprout inhibition and its physiological mechanism purporting the extention of storage life of chestnuts, the following summary can be made.
    Chestnuts harvested in October were irradiated with 1×104, 5×104 roentgen of Co 60 gamma rays, then stored in moist sawdust at room temperature. On February, over 50 percent of nuts which had been received in low doses roentgen showed visible growth of roots, but in the untreated nuts only 30 percent. After that, the roots of untreated nuts had continued vigorous growth, whereas the rooting of the treated nuts with the lower dose were gradually prevented, but not completely stunted. On the other hand, high doses completely inhibited the rooting and sprouting. Most of treated with the nuts with the higher doses were still salable in April. More rotting were found in the treated nuts higher doses than those with the lower doses. Such unfavorable effects tended to increase in the nuts with higher under the elongated storage. From these observations, concerning results with beneficial effect of root and sprout inhibition, it is supposed that the range of 3.5×104 5×104 roentgen is the most desirable level of treatments.
    Total ascorbic acid contents were slightly diminished in paralell with increasing dose levels and elongation of storage times. Sugar contens showed that the conversion of starch to sugars progressed slightly by the irradiation. Soluble astringent contents did not show any change by the irradiation.
    The effects of irradiation on the respiratory activity were obviously recognized, but it seemed that the changes of respiration had not so much direct correlations with mechanism of root and sprout inhibition.
    The amylase activities decreased immediately after irradiation but rapid and significant increasing followed just after. No important variations were found in either polyphenoloxidase or peroxidase, though showed a tendency to decrease with small inactivation by irradiation. The correlation between the rotting and the oxidase activity was not clear.
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  • M. TAKATA
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 357-362
    Published: 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1. The Changes of respiration rate of Japanese persimmon (var. Fuyu) and tomato (var. Fukuju No. 2) fruits were observed during their development and ripening.
    2. While the climacteric rise of respiration was observed clearly in tomato fruits during their development, it was not so clearly observed in Japanese persimmon fruits.
    3. Both persimmon and tomato fruits had a rise on the respiration curve after picking at any stage of growth.
    4. The young fruits of both persimmon and tomato showed“ripening-like”processes after picking, with the rise of the respiration rate.
    5. In Japanese persimmon, “button drop”was observed after picking of the fruits within two months after flowering, but it was not observed after picking of the fruits beyond two months.
    There was no direct relationship between“button drop”and the presence of seeds in the fruits.
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  • The effect of the composition of atmospheric gases on the respiration of fruits and vegetables during the storage (part 1)
    Y. HONDA, O. ISHIGURO
    1967 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 363-372
    Published: 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This experiment was conducted to observe the effect of the composition of atmospheric gases on the respiration of fruits and vegetables. The average of repiration rate of eggplants, Japanese pears, spinach and cauliflower (under storage in modified atmosphere) were lower than that under storage in air. Especially, the respiration rate of the products stored in modified atmosphere conta fined 5% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide was about half of that in air. (Experiment I.)
    It is clear that a decline in the respiration of these products in storge is brought about by a combination of super-normal carbon dioxide concentration and reduced oxygen concentration. However, the data in experiment I has not been elucidated which is the main fatter concerning the reduction in respiration.
    In order to test the precise contribution of each of these fatter, experiment II was conducted both tests on oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in atmospheric gases on the respiration of vegetables. Carbon dioxide test was carried out at the range of 0-20% and oxygen test was carried out at the range of 5-25%.
    In this experiment, the respiration rate of some vegetables could be controlled either by decrease of oxygen concentration or by increase of carbon dioxide concentration.
    It was found that there was three phases to control the respiration rate in practical CA-storage. Three phases were as follows: (1) decrease of oxygen concentration, (2) increase of carbon dioxide concentration and (3) both decrease of oxygen concentration and increase of carbon dioxide concentration. Vegetables showed pattern (1) were spinach, pea in pod, kidney bean, lettuce, bell peppers and eggplants. They were very sensitive to the oxygen content in atmospheric gases. Cauliflower belonged to pattern (2) which shows relatively sensitive carbon dioxide concentration. Other vegetables which are pattern (3) are strawberries, celery, tomatoes, welsh onion and garden asparagus. These vegetables were sensetive to carbon dioxide and oxygen concentration in the atmospheric gases. Thus, it was considered that the response of vegetables to special gases reducing the respiration was different from the kinds of vegetables.
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