We examined the transition of the rhinopharynx bacteria test at Showa University Hospital in Japan.
We observed the results of the rhinopharynx bacteria test that was assessed by the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Pediatrics. The observation period was 2012 through 2016. The study items were the number of bacteria in each year, the species of bacteria under 2 years old and 2 to younger than 15 years, the differences in each department, the species of bacteria in each year, and the resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae as delineated by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).
The number of species were 1270, 1672, 1991, 2245, and 2316 in each year, respectively.
When we compared those under 2 years old with those under 15 years old and 2 years old or older, there was considerable coagulase-negative-Staphylococci (CNS) under 2 years old. We considered that there was no action so as to be young, and this searched the source of infection cyclopedically.
The rank of each bacterium showed similar results when rearranged in descending order as follows: CNS, Corynebacterium species, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species, Moraxella catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae, and H. influenzae.
The proportions of penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP) have been decreasing each year. However, the proportions of β-lactamase nonproducing ampicillin-resistant H. influenzae (BLNAR) have been increasing each year. This is why the use of cephalosporins has decreased in recent years and the use of penicillin antibiotics has increased.
We compared the results of otorhinolaryngology with those of pediatrics. There were more bacteria tested with pediatrics than otorhinolaryngology. We considered that the pediatrics is to perform rhinopharynx bacteria test for detecting the focus of fever.
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