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Volume 69, Issue 4
Displaying 1-26 of 26 articles from this issue
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Hiromasa SUZUKI2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 469-472
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
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Hiroyuki ISHII, Takahiro OKADA, Yasuhiko MIWATA2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 473-476
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
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Kenjiro T. MIURA2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 477-481
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
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Takashi KANAI2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 482-485
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
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Masatomo INUI2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 486-489
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
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Satoshi KANAI, Hiroaki DATE, Takeshi KISHINAMI2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 490-493
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
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Hiroshi MASUDA2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 494-498
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
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Takaaki Okano, Norio MASTUKI2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 499-502
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
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Hiromi MORI2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 503-506
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
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Katsuyuki ENDO, Wei GAO, Satoshi KIYONO2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 507-511
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new multi-probe method was proposed for cylindrical figure measurement of heavy and large sized cylinders. Six displacement probes, which are placed in three cross-sections around the cylinder workpiece, are employed in this method for the purpose of separating the cylinder figure errors from the motion errors of the cylinder spindle and the probe carriage. The probe numbers in the three cross-sections are three, two and one, respectively. The roundness profiles at each position along the central axis of the cylinder are measured first using the three probes placed in the same cross-section based on the conventional three-probe method. The deviations of average radius and the horizontal and vertical straightness of the central axis of the cylinder can also be evaluated through employing the outputs of the six probes, leading to a complete figure measurement result. The measurement is not affected by the scanning motion errors and the probe zero-adjustment errors. Taper-shaped cylinders can also be measured with this method. A prototype instrument capable of measuring a large cylinder with a length of up to about 1, 650mm was designed and built to realize the proposed multi-probe method. Experiments were also carried out to confirm the effectiveness of the instrument.View full abstractDownload PDF (458K) -
Effect of size, environment, and surface wettabilityNobuyuki MORONUKI, Kenji UCHIYAMA2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 512-516
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAdhesion force, exactly standing for pull-off force, between tiny flat surfaces was measured. Adhesion force that acts between two mating surfaces becomes dominant factor in microscopic mechanisms. Sometimes it becomes larger than the weight of the moving part and restricts its motion. This paper describes the measurement method of adhesion force first. A silicon slider (chip) is placed on an inclined guide that is vibrated by a voice coil motor, and the adhesion force is calculated from the slider's mass and the critical acceleration that the slider begins to slide down. It was found that the adhesion force is ideally proportional to the nominal contact area in vacuum though it is not proportional in air. Also, the effect of the wettability of the surface on the adhesion force was made clear. These results suggest that the elimination of water capillary from interface of the mating surfaces is important to obtain steady motion of the mechanism.View full abstractDownload PDF (2300K) -
Yasuhiko HARA, Kenji SHIRAI, Yoshikazu KOBAYASHI, Keisuke SATO, Yu SON ...2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 517-520
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method is proposed for estimating deformation of printed characters. In this method, displacement, rotation, dilation/erosion, and magnification are taken to be character-deformation parameters, and character deformation is estimated by measuring changes in these deformation parameters with respect to a standard character. To measure the deformation from a standard character, the target character is deformed using a genetic algorithm, the deformed character is matched up with a standard character, and deformation parameters are determined for the best match between two characters. An experiment performed on several characters demonstrated that these deformations as well as missing and excess sections could be measured.View full abstractDownload PDF (363K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 521-523
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
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Comparison of Calculated and Experimental Results, and Cutting Force Prediction Based on the Geometric SimilarityKazuo KASAHARA, Akihiko HIROTA, Yosuke SASAI2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 524-529
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the 1st part of this investigation, a cutting model and energy method developed for the drilling, in which the condition of side-curl of the chip is considered, has been extended to the milling with ball end mills. In this paper, three components of the cutting force and the chip formation such as radius of side-curl and shear angle are measured, and compared with those through theoretical prediction. Therefore the predicted results are good agreement with the experimental results. Then, geometrical similarity conditions for relating ball end mills of various diameters are discussed. In the milling with similar ball end mills, shape of the cutting cross-section at any rotational angle of the cutter also becomes similar, when both ratios of feed to tool diameter and depth of cut to that are held in constant. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the relationships between cutting forces and square of tool diameter, and between side-curl of the chip and tool diameter become linear respectively, when the similarity conditions are satisfied. Using the geometric similarity and a few data with respect to the cutting forces, any other cutting forces for ball end mills of various diameters can be easily estimated.View full abstractDownload PDF (565K) -
Experimental and Geometrical Evaluations of Ball End Mills with Different Helix Angles and Rake AnglesYi LU, Yoshimi TAKEUCHI, Ichiro TAKAHASHI, Masahiro ANZAI, Kiwamu KASE2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 530-535
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHigh speed milling is being watched in die and mold machining in the light of high speed and high accuracy. Although ball end mills are the central tool widely used in high speed milling, they are fabricated by the commercial tool grinding systems without using effective 3D-CAD/CAM technology. Therefore, it is difficult to confirm and evaluate the tool shape information on fabricated tools. Cutting experiments are the only way to investigate fabricated tools. Moreover, it is difficult to quantitatively analyze tool shapes since the tool shape definition for ball end mills varies, depending on manufacturers. The study deals with the development of a tool grinding CAD/CAM system to design and create ball end mills with different helix angles and rake angles. The high speed cutting characteristics of fabricated ball end mills with different shapes are investigated through high speed cutting experiments and geometrical cutting simulations. As a result, it is found that the most suitable ball end mill for high speed milling is with helix angle 10° and rake angle -10° among fabricated ball end mills.View full abstractDownload PDF (8434K) -
Satoru NOGUGHI, Etsuji OHMURA, Isamu MIYAMOTO2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 536-541
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAbout laser drilling of printed circuit board, one-dimensional non-steady heat conduction problem of two-layers composed of resin and metal was analyzed with the finite element method (FEM), considering resinous evaporation. Validity of analysis method was verified by comparing with experimental results. The main conclusions are as follows. (1) Proportionality between latent heat of vaporization and absorptivity can be obtained using the experimental results of removal quantity when resin is thick enough. These values can be estimated simultaneously by comparing analytical results by FEM and experimental results. (2) An equation for rough estimate of maximum of removal velocity was derived. (3) Removal quantity is proportional to the number of shot, but its proportionality is lost after layer thickness reaches to the absorption length, yielding smear in practical use. Residual smear is caused by heat conduction to substrate during pulses. (4) Removal quantity depends on fluence most, and is almost independent of repetition rate. When resin thickness is larger than absorption length, removal quantity per pulse is proportional to fluence. (5) Removal velocity becomes larger.with shorter pulse width. When resin thickness is smaller than absorption length, residual thickness increases as pulse width becomes long.View full abstractDownload PDF (2236K) -
Eiji SHAMOTO, Youngchan SONG, Hideki YOSHIDA, Norikazu SUZUKI, Toshimi ...2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 542-548
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new "elliptical vibration cutting machine" is fabricated by developing a unique double spindle mechanism, and its basic performance is evaluated in the present research. The developed machine generates circular vibration mechanically by rotating an eccentric sleeve with a built-in motor. The tool spindle is inserted within the rotating sleeve and connected to a servo motor via a flexible coupling. Radius and maximum frequency of the circular vibration are set to 0.5 mm and 167 Hz respectively. The developed machine is evaluated by measuring accuracy and stiffness of the rotating and vibrating spindle. The developed machine is applied here to "elliptical vibration planing" of hardened steel by clamping the tool spindle, though it can also be applied to "elliptical vibration milling" by rotating the inner tool spindle at the same time. The "elliptical vibration planing" is conducted with a CBN tool, and the results show that the present method is better than conventional ball end milling in all aspects of tool life and cost, surface roughness, cutting time and cutting force. Furthermore, a hardened steel mirror with roughness of about 0.1μm Ra is obtained by the elliptical vibration planing with a single crystal diamond tool.View full abstractDownload PDF (5617K) -
A Prediction Model of Cutting Forces for Ball End Mills and Control for Constant Cutting Forces Using this ModelHirotoshi OHTSUKA, Iwao YAMAJI, Yoshiaki KAKINO, Heisaburo NAKAGAWA2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 549-553
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper deals with the mathematical model for cutting forces by (Al, Ti)N-coated micro-grain carbide ball end mill cutters during end milling of hardened steel for dies and molds. Since it is known that cutting characteristics changes depending upon the location of cutting edge and its chip thickness in ball end milling, a quadratic polynomial model is proposed for the prediction of cutting forces based on the response surface methodology. The model contains three variables of the engagement length of cutting tool, the maximum undeformed chip thickness and the nose engagement angle. The obtained prediction model is shown to be applicable for this problem. In end milling of hardened steel, the control of cutting forces is especially important because chipping occurs easily if the cutting edge is subject to severe cutting force. Furthermore, constant cutting force is required for improving the accuracy of machined surfaces. The prediction and control of cutting forces in pick feed ball end milling which includes both straight and concave contour cutting is very effective using this model.View full abstractDownload PDF (509K) -
Hiroshi SAWADA, Kousuke KAWAHARA, Takafumi NINOMIYA, Kou KUROSAWA, Ats ...2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 554-558
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPrecise periodic structures have been generated on the surface of Si, Cu and acrylic resin by femtosecond laser (τ=120fs, λ=800nm, F=1kHz) of energies nearby ablation threshold. The direction of the periodic structures on the ablated surface of Si and Cu is perpendicular to the polarization of the incident beam. On acrylic resin surface, however, the direction of those has nothing to do with the polarization. It is possible to produce the periodic structures continuously in wide area by overlapped laser scanning with a cylindrical lens. The periodic structures have a function of spectroscope, and hence are composed of the ripples with constant space. The ripple spacings on Si and Cu surface depend on laser incident angle and almost correspond with irradiated laser wavelength at normal incidence, but on the other hand the ripple spacings on acrylic resin are always 20μm at various incident angles.View full abstractDownload PDF (8934K) -
Norimasa YOSHIDA, Ken-ichiro NOTAKE, Katsuhiro KITAJIMA2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 559-563
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDue to the wide spread use of CAD systems, the design period of commercial products has been shortened and the reliability of products has been improved. For many commercial products, the exterior design is one of the most important processes in the design. Most designers use pens to design. Although CAD systems are widely used in industries, they are yet to be replaced by pens for designers. In this research, we aim at developing a design tool, which can be intuitively used by designers. As the fundamental theory of deformations, global space deformation is used. For the ease and intuitiveness of deformation, some extensions of global space deformation are presented. We have confirmed the effectiveness of our approach by experimentally designing a telephone and a bucket seat using the design tool proposed.View full abstractDownload PDF (5016K) -
Manabu ONO, Toshiaki HAMANO, Shigeo KATO2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 564-569
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes the feasibility of an in-pipe mobile inspection robot which is able to move the long distance in small diameter pipes, using the pneumatic and vacuum pressure switched by an electromagnetic valve for driving power of the robot. We propose that the electromagnetic valve must be attached near the pneumatic actuator in order to move the long distance. The pneumatic pressure of+300 kPa and vacuum pressure of-80 kPa are supplied to the electromagnetic valve by two feeding tubes which are 140m long. The fabricated robot attached with 4 friction rings at double ends of actuator could move the distance of 20m in the inner diameter of 44mm vinyl chloride pipe at the time of 15 minutes. From this basic study, we confirmed that the inspection robot may be able to move the long distance, if the inspection robot is combined by 4 or 5 driving robots.View full abstractDownload PDF (555K) -
Naoya ISHIZAKA, Masanori IGOSHI2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 570-575
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEqui-density surface like MetaBall is widely used in Computer Graphics. At this field, the shape appearance of models is an important point. In the stage of conceptual design of industrial products, higher shape quality (geometrical continuity, shape constraints, etc) than in Computer Graphics is required. In this paper, we describe a new polynomial influential function using Bernstein polynomials. This function has some control parameters. By controlling these parameters, one can manipulate equi-density shapes locally with preserving higher geometrical continuity. In order to control these parameters globally, the surface can strictly express given shapes (circular edges, right-angled corners, etc.) that are important for industrial design.View full abstractDownload PDF (6213K) -
Basic Error Model Analysis and Development of Calibration ProcedureNobuyuki FURUYA, Ryo YOKOYAMA, Jyoji SEKI, Kazuhiro USUI, Norimasa KUR ...2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 576-580
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes about the kinematic error model and calibration procedure of the 3D robot teaching instrument. 3D teaching operation, using a real robot is not efficient work. The 3D teaching instrument has been developed for the robot teaching tasks. Articulated type teaching instrument has high mobility, but it is necessary to calibrate precisely to realize high positioning accuracy. In this report a method to identify the base point of measuring coordinate system and offset angle of the joint, numerically by Powell method is proposed. A calibration method of link parameter errors, using the SVD (Singular Value Decomposition)is presented. By the experimental results, this calibration procedure is proved.View full abstractDownload PDF (1884K) -
Hiroaki DATE, Satoshi KANAI, Takeshi KISHINAMI2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 581-585
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe surface of many industrial products may have geometries composed both of a base shape and surface detail. From the design point of view, it is efficient to design the base shape and surface detail independently, and then to integrate the surface detail with the base shape surfacefor obtaining the surface-detail-integrated shape. In this paper, to realize a flexible and efficient mesh modeling for the surface-detail-integrated shape, we propose a method that integrates the surface detail with the base shape using parameterization. In our method, the user can simply design the surface-detail-integrated shape by specifying the references of integration for the base shape and surface detail, which make positional and directional correspondence between both shapes. Surface detail integration is automatically done so as to satisfy the geometric constraints of the surface detail on the integrated shape based on successive expansion and local modification of parameterization. Finally, we demonstrate our method with several examples and evaluate the accuracy of integration, and discuss the approach which can improve the precision of surface detail integration.View full abstractDownload PDF (4636K) -
Osamu HIROSE2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 586-590
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes a new visual inspection method for grid structure films used for elements of display unit. The main target of inspection is SHADING DEFECT, which is caused by unevenness of grid line width. Degree of shading defects defies measurement in numerical terms, so in many cases SENSORY INSPECTION by human operators are adopted in manufacturing sites. The new method is based on a diffraction effect of laser beam. The diffraction pattern varies due to grid's characteristic. Variations of the diffraction pattern with the defects have been proven by simulations and experiments. The defect detection method by image processing with CCD area sensor is proposed. The method is applied on several defective sample films. The results proved that the defects could be detected by the intensity profiles of the images. The effectiveness of this method at the manufacturing sites is described. Quantitative evaluation of shading defects is proposed.View full abstractDownload PDF (4185K) -
Quantitative Evaluation and Prediction of Handling PropertyKoshi ADACHI, Koji KATO, Yosuke KOIZUKA2003 Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 591-596
Published: April 05, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to evaluate handling performance of rubber roller for flexible media handling system quantitatively, the parameter, which describes permissible range of the normal load for well handling of flexible media, is introduced. By comparison with friction coefficient, which is the conventional evaluation parameter for handling property, the usefulness of this parameter is proven with the experimental results observed in handling system with rubber roller and paper.
Further, theoretical equation is introduced for prediction of friction property with micro-slip during handling of flexible media, and it agrees well with observed values.View full abstractDownload PDF (523K)
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