This paper describes the influence of electrolytically oxidized water dilute NaCl on the surface of pure nickel. First, we clarified the etching characteristic of electrolytically-oxidized water of dilute NaCl against the surface of pure nickel using HCl solution for comparative immersion experiments. The results show electrolytically-oxidized water works well for the etching operation, and if the ORP/pH value of the electrolytically-oxidized water is high, the etching speed becomes correspondingly fast. The etching rate of electrolytically-oxidized water is high (about 3 times) compared with the HCl solution of the same pH value. Next, by the observation of the SEM image and surface roughness, the influence of electrolytically oxidized water on the shape of the pure nickel surface became clear. Lastly, auger analysis revealed that the natural-oxidation film of the pure nickel can be removed with electrolytically oxidized water. The study indicates that electrolytically oxidized water can be applied to the surface treatment and washing of pure nickel.

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This paper describes small-hole electrical discharge machining (EDM) with a high speed and high precision five degrees of freedom controlled maglev actuator. To machine deep small holes with a depth more than the positioning stroke of the maglev actuator, a conventional EDM machine having a long stroke and the maglev actuator were combined and cooperatively controlled. To avoid abnormal electrical discharge, we proposed two types of driving method for an electrode; jump and orbital motions using the maglev actuator. Experimental results show that high speed and high precision adjustment of the distance between a workpiece and the electrode by the maglev actuator is effective for high speed EDM. Moreover, the jump and orbital motions increase the machining speed due to improvement in the ejection of debris and bubbles.

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For the separation of a connecting rod by application of fracture splitting, it is crucial that the split surface undergoes brittle fracture by impact, in view of reintegration and positioning accuracy. It is possible for a notch in a sintered steel rod to be mechanically grooved as a fracture initiation, but it is not applicable to a forged rod due to its brittleness. The purpose of this study is to establish a notch by mechanical processing to replace the presently employed laser scribing method. The feasibility of this technique was preliminarily investigated with respect to a proposed hybrid groove structure. The hybridized groove is an array of dents, formed using needle tools, located at the bottom of a V-notch, and is expected to make the splitting process easier. Fracture behaviors were evaluated and optimized through Charpy impact test and scanning electron microscopy using C70S6 steel samples. It was clarified that brittle fracture is much enhanced by the addition of an array of dents. The results were compared to the conventional laser scribing method. Finally, the compatibility of the proposed splitting technique is discussed with respect to the distortion of a split crank bore and the tool life used in a post-processing boring finish.

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A new optical-connector-end polishing machine for On-Site was developed. This machine can polish a connector end with only one-step by a very simple mechanism. Using this machine, the end polishing of the optical connector can become very easy and fast. we characterized the one-step polishing process. As a result, it revealed that the machine has sufficient power for good polished planes unless only one-step. Polished planes had good precision met with the specification and the polishing had good reproducibility

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Previously, a quantitative measurement and an evaluation of the thermal contact resistance of the joint have been examined based on real contact area. These studies have performed under the condition that a real contact area distribution is uniform. However, in many cases, the joints are under non-uniform contact conditions due to the geometric errors of the joint interface.
Then, in this research, the influence of non-uniform contact conditions on the thermal contact resistance is experimentally and analytically examined. As the result, the followings are clarified.
1) Concave-convex model with contact length L and non-contact length (pitch p - L) can express contact ratio of the joint for the thermal contact resistance analysis.
2) The thermal contact resistance is affected by not only the average contact ratio, but also distribution of the real contact area.
3) Even if the joint has the same average contact ratio, the thermal contact resistance becomes the smallest in uniform contact distribution, and the lager the local non-uniformity becomes, the lager the resistance becomes.
4) The mechanism that non-uniform contact conditions affect the thermal contact resistance of the joint can be explained by the electrical circuit with resistances corresponding to thermal contact resistance and thermal conductivity.

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This paper deals with a decision method of cutting conditions and tool life estimation method for end-milling processes of plain carbon steel. Basic cutting conditions for side cutting of a step, one of the most basic milling processes, are chosen from the database given by a cutting tool manufacturer. These data are transformed for individual milling processes, e.g. trochoidal grooving, spiral hole enlarging, and corner milling, such that constant cutting force is kept by using feedforward control. Cutting tests were conducted for the workpiece composed of various cutting features, and it was clarified that adequate cutting conditions and adequate tool life are simply decided using by this method.

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A pin wheel type reducer having no eccentric input cam has newly been developed. It can get high torsional rigidity and keep the balanced and steady rotation. In the previous report, the motion principle is investigated, and the cam profiles are shown based on motion of the pins. And the design conditions of an undercutting avoidance are investigated. In this report, tooth height factor is defined. The effect of this factor to the pressure angle which affects on the mechanism transmission charactoristics is analyzed. The optimal value of this factor is obtained. Also, to eliminate high speed sliding between input cam and pins, the modified design, called the both-pin-sides-output-type, is proposed. And the specific sliding of fixed cam and reduced cam is investigated.

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We studied on the modification inside glass formed in the trajectory of a platinum particle implanted by laser illumination. A 1-μm-thick platinum film was deposited on the surface of Pyrex glass. The platinum film was irradiated by a focused Ar ion laser beam with a laser power of 4.2 W from the other side through the glass. As a result, platinum film was melted and a platinum particle with the diameter of 5 μm was implanted into the glass. The glass around the platinum particle heated by the laser illumination was softened, which enables the platinum particle migration in the glass. The threshold fluence for the platinum particle implantation was 0.1 MW/cm². The speed of the platinum particle migration increased in the range from 0.1 mm/s to 10 mm/s with increasing laser fluence. Platinum was not detected and no clear composition change was detected in the trajectory of the platinum particle migration by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Etching of the modified zone formed cone shaped structures. The modified zone was bended and curved by changing the direction of the laser beam.

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Since an ultra precision technology, e.g. a lithography, have been progressing rapidly, displacement measuring methods with resolution of sub-nanometer or less are required. Displacement measuring interferometers are widely utilized in precision engineering industries. However, they suffer from problems of an imperfect interpolation error of nanometer order and an air refractive index fluctuation. In this paper, we propose and discuss a displacement measurement method with no interpolation error by combining a phase modulation homodyne interferometer with a tunable laser diode and the null method. We also discuss the capability to measure the air refractive index fluctuation.

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This paper deals with the mobility of AZARASHI (Seal) Mechanism in vacuum. A device of AZARASHI Mechanism with one degree of freedom moves by using the controlled Friction device and one to generate a constant friction. Electromagnets, springs and clamps with piezoelectric actuators have been used for the controlled Friction device. In this paper, the friction was controlled by the perpendicular inertial force using a piezoelectric actuator applied a modified trapezoidal wave. The inertial force on Friction devices restricted the driving frequency of Extension device. In the case of using stainless steel for the device and aluminum for the base, the device stably moves without adhesion.

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Gaussian filter to extract the roughness profile from a primary profile suffers strongly from the outliers mingled in the data. To solve this problem, several researches to put this method robust Gaussian filter have been proposed. However, the calculation cost becomes large due to the large number of repetitive applications. In this research, we propose a new robust and fast method by using the fast M-Estimation method. Since the proposed method requires just a few times of repetitive applications of the rectangular smoothing filter, the computation cost could be drastically reduced. The proposed method is just in need of the analytical calculation without any repetitive computation. Moreover it was noted that, at the ultimate time when there are no outliers in the data, the proposed method could provide completely the same results of the original Gaussian filter method.

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The state-of-the-art phase-based scanner is suitable for acquiring 3D shapes of large facilities, because it can acquire hundreds of millions point data in several minutes. Since acquired data are very noisy, smoothing operations are very important. However, point data from large facilities are too large to process in the memory of common personal computers. This paper proposes a new streaming smoothing operator for very large-scale point-cloud acquired by phase-based or time-of-flight scanners. Our method reads point data on a hard disk and sequentially processes them in a small region on RAM. This method is based on the fact that point data from a laser scanner can be converted into a height-field on a sphere. Our experimental results show that our method could successfully produce a smooth mesh model from large-scale point data with the limited memory size.

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Describing scenarios is a promising approach to draw images of manufacturing industry toward a sustainable society, whereas the images are still vague. Sustainable Society Scenario (3S) Simulator aims to support understanding, describing, and analyzing sustainability scenarios. This paper proposes a method for describing “dynamic scenarios” by connecting scenarios and their associated simulators. Our approach includes to structuralize scenarios for clarifying the relationship between a scenario and its simulators and to develop a mechanism of exchanging data between them. A case study illustrates that the proposed method succeeds in articulating rationales, described as texts in a scenario, for input data of a simulation. Also, the simulation results are successfully changed by changing simulation assumptions in the original scenario. The case study indicates that, as a result, the method enables to reuse a scenario and its simulator simultaneously.

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