精密工学会誌
Online ISSN : 1882-675X
Print ISSN : 0912-0289
ISSN-L : 0912-0289
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79 巻, 6 号
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特集　デザインインタフェースの最先端
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論文
  • 動圧グルーブ流体軸受用潤滑剤の劣化
    —潤滑剤の単純熱劣化と軸受内連続運転による劣化の差異—
    大野 英明, 松本 將
    2013 年 79 巻 6 号 p. 523-528
    発行日: 2013/06/05
    公開日: 2013/12/05
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.79.523
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Hydrodynamic grooved bearings are widely used in the HDD(Hard Disk Drive) mechanism for rotary precision, noise reduction, and superior shock-resistance. Therefore, many studies have been made, but most of them have dealt with the bearing design or vibration analysis. This report studies the viscosity increase of the lubricant that affects the life of the hydrodynamic grooved bearing, which compares the viscosity increase in the continuous driving test in the bearing with that in the accelerated high temperature test. The viscosity increase of the lubricant in the accelerated high temperature test is bigger than that in the continuous driving test in the bearing. Both tests generate the same materials. So, Marangoni effect causes the smaller viscosity increase of the lubricant in the continuous driving test in the bearing. The temperature gradient in the bearing causes the low evaporate materials with high viscosity to move to the gas-liquid boundary, which prevents the low viscous material from evaporating, resulting in the smaller viscosity increase. Therefore, the life of the lubricant in the bearing is longer than what is expected by Arrhenius equation in the accelerated high temperature test.
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  • 沿面放電プラズマ応用電子ビームにより蒸着された硬質炭素膜に関する研究
    —新しい硬質炭素膜の作成—
    藤井 清利, 清水 政義, 井上 尚三
    2013 年 79 巻 6 号 p. 529-534
    発行日: 2013/06/05
    公開日: 2013/12/05
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.79.529
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    We have been studying the Pulsed Plasma Deposition (PPD) technique for applying Diamond-Like Carbon film deposition. This technique is one of the applications of the surface discharge, and the deposition process is based on an ablation. In this technique, pulsed electron and plasma beams irradiate the target through the discharge tube and make plume on the target. Ablated particles from the target are deposited as the thin films on the substrate. Until now, this technique has not yet been applied to produce the DLC film. We have tried to apply this technique without using an intermediate layer of a metal thin films and without heating the substrate to grow the DLC films with higher hardness and quality. As a result, when the discharge voltage has been applying at -13kV, hardness of deposited the DLC films was measured to be about 90GPa, sp3-contents of the DLC films was measured to be 80% by NEXAFS, surface of the DLC films was observed to be smooth by FE-SEM and adhesion to the substrate was about 80N. We conclude from the above results that the PPD technique can be one of the superior technique for producing DLC films with high hardness, smooth surface and high adhesion.
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  • 1相組織金属の切削面欠陥と切りくず分離機構に関する研究
    片山 昌
    2013 年 79 巻 6 号 p. 535-539
    発行日: 2013/06/05
    公開日: 2013/12/05
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.79.535
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    A study is presented of the machined surface defect and the chip separation mechanism when five sorts of single-phase metals were machined to find a common regularity to them. Industrial pure metal Al, Ti and Fe, and JIS SUS304 and quenched-tempered JIS S55C that are single-phase at cutting temperature were machined with carbide tool K10. Following common regularities among them are found. The unit of cutting is the micro-cutting by WC particle of the carbide tool and the machined surface is created by those accumulations. The cause of the surface defect is slip bands and grooved defects made by WC particles, and the surface roughness Rz caused by these defects is several μm at most. The chip separation is caused by the accumulation of a dislocation. When work material is single phase metal, it was shown that the machined surface defect and the chip separation mechanism are able to be predicted without cutting.
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  • 絶縁性AlNセラミックスの微細放電加工特性
    金子 健正, 山下 健, 福澤 康
    2013 年 79 巻 6 号 p. 540-546
    発行日: 2013/06/05
    公開日: 2013/12/05
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.79.540
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    As a sintered AlN ceramics material have the superior thermal conductivity and high electrical insulation properties. However, AlN is too brittle to machine for the precise and micro product by mechanical machining method, the application field is restricted. On the other hand, many insulating ceramic materials could be machined precisely by EDM with the assisting electrode method. As reported before, the removal rate of high thermal conductivity material such as AlN, SiC, and diamond is lower than other insulating materials. In this research, to obtain the better machining properties on the sintered AlN ceramics, effects of tool electrode polarity and working fluid in RC discharge circuit were investigated on the electrical discharge machining characteristics. As a result, the higher removal rate and the larger electrode wear ratio were shown in the tool electrode polarity of positive. Moreover, aluminum element was observed as the component element of electrical conductive layer on the machined surface. Using the decomposed aluminum layer as the electrical conductive layer, an AlN could be EDMed in demineralized water instead of working oil. The removal rate and tool electrode wear ratio in deionized water was three times higher and three times lower respectively than that of working oil.
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  • 濡れ性を用いた切削加工用薄膜の切削抵抗評価
    橋倉 弘樹, 森貞 好昭, 藤井 英俊, 神田 一隆, 久保田 和幸, 伊坂 正和
    2013 年 79 巻 6 号 p. 547-551
    発行日: 2013/06/05
    公開日: 2013/12/05
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.79.547
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    In this study, a new evaluation method of thin films for cutting tools with the wettability is proposed. The wettability is measured in order to evaluate the adhesion of work materials to cutting tools that may occur during the cutting work. Using liquid metal of pure iron and nine types of thin film; TiC, TiN, TiCN, TiAlN, TiSiN, TiBON, CrN, CrSiN, AlCrSiN coated substrates, the contact angle was determined using the sessile drop method. The cutting force measurement was also carried out with the thin film coated drills and carbon steel as work material. The cutting force was changed with the type of thin films and the values was in good agreement with the change of contact angle. The lowest cutting force and the highest contact angle was obtained for TiAlN film and usefulness of this film in drilling of carbon steel was confirmed. Consequently, it was revealed that this method was effective for the evaluation of suitability of work material and thin films.
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  • 複合的人工ニューラルネットワーク
    —教師なし学習を用いた動的制御における選択型ニューラルネットワークアンサンブル—
    大江 亮介, 鈴木 育男, 山本 雅人, 古川 正志
    2013 年 79 巻 6 号 p. 552-558
    発行日: 2013/06/05
    公開日: 2013/12/05
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.79.552
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    This paper describes a novel method of combining artificial neural networks (ANNs), the composite artificial neural network (CANN), to improve performance of evolving ANNs (EANNs) in dynamic system control problems. Methods of combining ANNs by majority voting or averaging are not effective in controlling dynamic systems by EANNs. Unsupervised learning of EANNs is mathematically described, and then it is shown that the reason for ineffectiveness depends on the mechanism of evaluating ANNs indirectly by states. To avoid this problem, the CANN selects the suitable ANN by a high-level ANN to combine some ANNs. In numerical experiments, a flapping flight model is controlled by a common EANN and the CANN. The model motion is calculated by physical engine PhysX, and a common EANN and the CANN are optimized by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) respectively. The experiments show that the average evaluation of the CANN is 6.46% higher than that of a common EANN for the same computational time.
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  • 空気静圧軸受型ガラス基板搬送装置における薄板ガラスの浮上・変形特性
    大岩 尚樹, 平山 朋子, 松岡 敬, 矢部 寛
    2013 年 79 巻 6 号 p. 559-564
    発行日: 2013/06/05
    公開日: 2013/12/05
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.79.559
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    A non-contact aerostatic conveyer was recently proposed to quickly feed and inspect large glass substrates for liquid crystal display. The air conveyer supports the glass substrates by compressed air film and then feeds them through while keeping them clean compared to a conventional roller conveyer. The glass substrate in the latest generation is over 3 m square, and its thickness is less than 0.7 mm. Such thin and large glass substrates are expected to easily deform due to pressure distribution in the air film. Aim of this study is to investigate the levitation and deformation characteristics of glass substrates on a non-contact aerostatic conveyer with inherent orifice restrictors and to establish a calculation method to predict the glass sheet deformation with high accuracy. The deformation behavior of glass sheet on air film was investigated numerically by using the compressible Reynolds equation and Timoshenko's thin plate theory. Numerical results were compared with experimental ones to ascertain the validity of the calculation method. It was found that the glass sheet was easily deformed with a wavy shape by the pressure distribution of the air film. Experimental and numerical results showed almost the same trend.
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  • フーリエ変換を用いた指振り検出と機器操作への応用
    浅野 秀胤, 永易 武, 織茂 達也, 寺林 賢司, 太田 睦, 梅田 和昇
    2013 年 79 巻 6 号 p. 565-570
    発行日: 2013/06/05
    公開日: 2013/12/05
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.79.565
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    In this paper, a method to detect slight finger-waving from images is proposed. The proposed method converts input images to low-resolution intensity images. To obtain the amplitude spectrum, the method applies windowed-Fourier transform to time series of each pixel in the low-resolution images. The difference value of the amplitude spectrum between 2Hz and the peak of 3 to 6Hz is accumulated as an evaluation value. If the evalutaion value becomes above the threshold value, the pixel is detected as a point with finger-waving movement. The proposed method can detect even slight finger-waving. A gesture interface system using the proposed method with multiple cameras is constructed. The system obtains 3D position of the finger-waving. The position is related to some command and the system controls the equipment.
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