This study aims to geometrically analyze the generating mechanism of machined surfaces in radius end milling. In this report, to clarify the dependence of the machined surface shape on the tool axis direction, we propose an iterative calculation method to determine parameter values using approximate ruled surfaces and the internal division ratio of sections including their endpoints. By applying this method to calculate the machined surface shape for 792 combinations of tool axis direction, it was found that the maximum Rz of 21.0 μm occurred at a slant angle of 55°and a bearing angle of 270°. In contrast, the minimum Rz of 6.4 μm occurred at a slant angle of 5°and a bearing angle of 60°.

This paper proposes a topology optimization method for the design of lithium-ion battery separators. The lithium-ion battery separator is a thin-film structure that exists between two electrodes and is immersed in the liquid electrolyte. This component plays a critical role in ensuring battery performance and safety. While there are many requirements for separators, such as mechanical strength and ion conductivity, preventing short circuits caused by dendrite growth of metallic impurities in the battery is one of the most important roles. This paper proposes an optimization method that can design the separator structure that suppresses dendrite growth while reducing the ionic transport resistance between two electrodes and maintaining mechanical stiffness. First, we formulate the optimization problem, including the definitions of the design variable and governing equation. Then, the sensitivity is derived using the continuous Lagrange adjoint method. Next, the algorithm for solving the formulated optimization probelm is developed and implemented. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed method is confirmed by comparing the optimized separator configurations obtained by the several conditions in two and three dimensions.

SF truing method using a vertical rotary dresser is a technique that achieves high-efficiency and high-precision truing by ensuring the equal peripheral speed condition (Same-speed Function) of the diamond grinding wheel and the conventional grinding wheel (Dress wheel) for truing. In this study, the effect of incorporating ultra-fine bubbles (UFB) into the coolant used during SF truing is investigated. Static mixer equipment is used as a UFB generator. Diamond grinding wheel is SD140N100M or SDC140N100B, and dress wheel is GC80V. From the result of truing experiments, it is found that the normal truing force increase on the same-speed diameter of GC dress wheel and truing efficiency improve, when using the UFB coolant compared with using the conventional coolant. In addition, it is examined that free abrasive grains are efficiently hold on the surface of the dress wheel because of the high adhesion energy of the UFB coolant.