In succession to the 3 rd report the effect of hot machining by electric current is studied. In this paper following five materials are machined by this method, they are Cr-Mo steel 13% Cr stainless steel 18-8 stainless steel special heet-resisting steel and high manganese steel.
The conclusions derived from these experiments on the effect of hot machining by electric current (including the 3rd report's) are as follows.
(1) The electric resistance between cutting tool and workpiece is inversely proportional to the cutting area approximately and scarcely influenced by cutting speed.
(2) The mean temperature rise at the region between shear plane and rake surface by this method is mainly governed by Joule's heat and the heating efficiency η is estimated 1/3 to 1/4 when this method is applied.
(3) Built-up-edge can be easily eliminated by this method.
(4) The ratio of force reduction in machining by this method is approximately proportional to the mean temperature rise at the region between shear plane and rake surface (the formula of the mean temperature rise is presented in the 3 rd report).
(5) The force reduction accompanies increase of shear angle φ, decrease of friction angle β, increase of φ+β-α and decrease of shear stress ratio τ
c/τ
s, generally, so high temperature rise at the rake face is expected when this method is applied.
(6) The longer tool life is expectable by this method.
Summarizing the experimental results, it can be concluded that this new method of hot machining is useful in the field of metal cutting.
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