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Volume 46, Issue 4
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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Study on High-depth-of-cut Grinding (1st Report)Junji SHIBATA, Ichiro INASAKI, Sakae YONETSU1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 395-401
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe concept of the distribution of the grinding force at the area of contact between the grinding wheel and the workpiece was introduced on the assumption that the grinding force is distributed continuously at the area of contact. The integration value of the distribution is equal to the grinding force. Based on the model constructed here, some characteristics of the distribution and the grinding force in high-depth-of-cut grinding were analyzed theoretically and investigated experimentally. It was confirmed that the concept of the distribution of the grinding force is useful in order to analyze some characteristics in high-depth-of-cut grinding. As a result, the following conclusions may be drawn. (1) The distribution in a vertical direction (the Y coordinate) can be assumed ap-proximately in a linear relation to X-distance, and the distribution in a horizontal direction (the X coordinate) is infinitively large at Y= 0, decreasing rapidly with the increasing value of Y to reach a nearly constant value. (2) The distributions in a normal and a tangential direction can be obtained from the distributions in the vertical and the hor-izontal distribution. The distributions in a normal and a tangential direction are both increase linearly along the arc of contact. The directions of the vectors of the distributions have a significant effect on the vertical and the horizontal components of the grinding force.View full abstractDownload PDF (1590K) -
Susumu OHISHI, Yuji FURUKAWA, Susumu SHIOZAKI1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 402-409
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: February 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper aims to clarify the condition under which workpiece burning occurs in creep feed grind-ing and by connecting the result to obtain an optimal grinding condition which can avoid any occurrence of burning. With continuing operation, the grinding wheel becomes dull and workpiece burning takes place when the grinding energy flux φ (grinding energy per unit contact area per unit time) exceeds a critical value of φb. According to the experiment, the value of, was about 7-8 J/mm2·s and was not influenced by the wheel, the grinding manner nor the contact length of wheel and workpiece, but was solely a function of dimen-sionless grain depth of cut hg=- (Vw/Vs) a/D. The φ value increases from an initial φ0 almost linearly with the path length of grain L. Therefore the φb as well as the rate of increase of φ with L must be as small as possible in order to avoid workpiece burning. Taking all the above factors into consid-eration, nomographs to indicate the optimal grind-ing conditions in view of burning are presented.View full abstractDownload PDF (1661K) -
Nobuyuki OHTA, Yasuo KOBAYASHI, Koichi MURAYAMA1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 410-415
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper deals with the injection velocity of molten metal from the gate of dies in die casting. This injection velocity of molten metal is very important to design the die casting dies, or to make the good die castings. Therefore, the fundamental formula of the injection velocity had theoretically derived from the hydraulic theorem. In order to apply this formula on the design of die casting dies, this formula is necessary to make sure by the experiment. However the injection velocity is very difficult to be directly measured by the experiment. On that reason, the velocity meter of the die casting plunger which is easy to be handled and accurate to measure is developed in this research. The injection velocity is obtained from the plunger velocity multiplied the ratio of the sectional area of the casting plunger to the gate area. In this experiment, the plunger velocity is measured on the various cases of die casting. The injection velocity obtained from the velocity meter is well agreed with the velocity calculated by above formula. Therefore in the design of dies, it is able to calculate accurately the injection velocity of molten metal by means of the fundamental formula.View full abstractDownload PDF (1190K) -
Stationary Stochastic Process Model of Ground Surface ProfileMotoyoshi HASEGAWA1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 416-422
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe ground surface profile may be interpreted as the output from a stochastic linear system with an input white noise. To characterize the stationary stochastic process of the ground surface, the profiles are analyzed by the procedure of FPE method from the discrete sampled data of five profiles which were measured on the direction of the cross direction, 0°, the grinding direction, θ=90°, and midways direction, θ=30°, θ=45°, θ=60°, respec-tively. The average order of the uniformly sam-pled autoregressive model obtained by the FPE method of time series techniques is nearly 20, but it is very sensitive, therefore, it is not so good to describe the characteristics of the ground surface roughness as an independent variable. The para-meter of the autoregressive model depends upon the direction of measurement, so that there is a direction to make an autoregressive parameter maximum or minimum. Further, from comparison of autoregressive parameters with the order of the model and its spectral analyses, the adequate model for the ground surface profiles under consideration is represented by the autoregressive model of order 4, denoted by AR (4). The ground surface characteristics given by this model AR (4) is aniso-tropic and its roughness decreases gradually from the cross direction to the grinding direction.View full abstractDownload PDF (1169K) -
Toshio SATA, Shinji KAWABE, Takao NISHIYAMA, Fumihiko KIMURA, Mamoru H ...1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 423-428
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe paper describes a computer programming system to generate NC commands for three coordinate measuring machines based on the geometric model of the part to be measured. By utilizing the CAD system called GEOMAP the geometric model of a part is generated first. Then the measuring commands and the other geometrical information necessary for the measurements are given to the computer. The programming system developed processes the inputs, generates the shortest path of the measuring probe for the measurements and prints out the NC commands. When the system detects collision between the probe and the parts, it is able to modify the probe path to avoid the collision. Some experiments to measure squareness between two planes and the center distance between two holes are carried out to prove the validity of the computer programming system.View full abstractDownload PDF (1362K) -
Probabilistic Criterion of Fracture Stress for Carbide Tool MaterialsEiji USUI, Tohru IHARA, Takahiro SHIRAKASHI1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 429-435
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe paper first outlines an analytical method. developed to predict cutting edge chipping of carbide tool in interrupted turning operation, which enables us to know the probability distribution of fracture onset within the cutting edge. In, order to utilize in the prediction method, a new probabilistic criterion is established by superimposing the Weibull's probability distribution upon the tri-axial stress criterion of brittle fracture proposed by B. Paul. The criteria for carbide tool materials determined from static fracture tests in compression and bending are proved to well fit the test results in torsion with or without axial compressive load. The impact fracture tests in compression and bending are designed in order to ascertain the effect of loading rate upon the fracture strength, and some preliminary results are obtained.View full abstractDownload PDF (1354K) -
Analysis of Fringe Visibility and Optimum Experimental ProcedureTakashi NOMURA, Hachiro HOSONO, Tadashi KATO, Kazuo YOSHIKAWA1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 436-441
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhen the movement of an object moving toward a hologram plate with constant velocity is recorded by the methods of holographic interferometry using a swirl type shutter, the intensity of a reconstructed image of the object changes according to velocity of an object, exposure time and observational aperture. The above phenomena were analyzed and confirmed by the experiment. The distinctness of the fringe was defined as the differ-ence between the fringe intensity of maxima and minima. By this standard the optimum experimental condition was obtained. On the basis of the above investigations, the standardization of the experimental procedure was shown.View full abstractDownload PDF (1219K) -
Norihiko NARUTAKI, Yasuo YAMANE1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 442-447
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo ascertain the thermal wear of cermet tools, diffusion tests were conducted between the tools and plain carbon steel S 15 C. Machining tests were also conducted to find the relation between cutting temperature and tool wear. The results obtained were as follows : (1) According to the diffusion test, Fe and Ni diffused each other at the temper-ature from 1000 to 1200°C. However, at the elevat-ed temperature of 1300°C, a thick reaction layer which contains Fe, Ni, Mo, W or Ti was generated near the tool surface. And a large amount of carbon diffused from the tool to the steel. (2) Mo and W in nitride type cermet tools were easily diffused to the steel compared with carbide type cermet tools. Generally, Mo and W diffused more easily than Ti. (3) According to the cutting test, thermal wear of cermet tool was remarkable above around 900°C for flank wear, and around 1100 to 1200°C for creater wear. (4) The tool whose elements diffused easily in diffusion test tend to generate a severe creater wear.View full abstractDownload PDF (1251K) -
Toyoshiro INAMURA, Toshio SATA1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 448-453
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperimental and analytical study is carried out on the stability of boring operation with special reference to the increase of stability by partly cutting off the side faces of a boring bar. The experimental results show the improved stability for two specific regions of the tool attachment angle defined between the directions of the cutting tool and the normal axis to the cut-off faces of a boring bar. The results also show that the degree of improvement is rapidly reduced for one of the regions with increasing the cut-off amount for the boring bar, though the stability in the other region is increased still more. Analysis is carried out based on the general theory of three dimensional chattering in three different ways depending on how strong hypotheses are imposed on the derivations of the simplified characteristic equations for the system. The first most simplified way is used to clarify the mechanism of improvement of sta-bility by the proposed method and the other two are for checking how accurately the experimental results can be explained by the analysis. Good agreements are obtained between the experimental and analytical results to show the validity of both the analysis and proposed method itself.View full abstractDownload PDF (1056K) -
Theoretical Analysis of Formation of Uncut CoreTomio MATSUBARA, Teiji KUBOKI1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 454-459
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA formation of an uncut core in a cutoff process of the bar works is investigated theoretically. The diameter of the uncut core is determined by the cutting force and the weight of the cutoff work and the mechanism of the formation of the uncut core is different depending on which force is pre-dominant for a given cutting condition. Theoretically, the minimum uncut diameter which is determined by the weight of the cutoff work is always existed in any cutting conditions. Providing the optimal tool angle which is predicted by con-sidering the mechanism of the formation of the uncut core, it is possible to obtain the minimum uncut diameter. It is suggested that a higher revolution of the work and a smaller depth of cut are advantageous to the cutoff process from the point of view of the uncut core.View full abstractDownload PDF (977K) -
Accumulation Phenomenon and Size Generation Mechanism in Traverse GrindingKenjiro OKAMURA, Shinya TSUKAMOTO, Ichiro TAKEYAMA1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 460-466
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAccumulation phenomenon and size generation mechanism in traverse grinding show quite com-plicated processes on the wheel surf ace along the wheel width. In order to make these processes clear, the experimental analysis of traverse grind-ing was conducted by widely changing the speed ratio, Kv, the setting depth of wheel, Δr, and the number of total steps, m, (the ratio of the wheel width over the traverse feed per one revolution of the workpiece). The following results were obtained : (1) One of the typical characteris-tics of accumulation phenomenon in traverse grinding is that it changes in such a way that some part of accumulation amount is relieved during the 1st step and the rest of it is transmitted to the next accumulattion. (2) When m is large enough, the size generation effect does not exist on the trailing edge of the wheel surface. In this case the limit residual stock removal, (dr) c, assumes a constant value which has nothing to do with the variables of Kv and ΔT. (3) The relationship between the real cutting depth of wheel, Δ (n), and the size generation amount, ΔR (n), is given by ΔR (n) =c {Δ (n) - (dr) l}, where c is the size generation rate. (4) The main factors which govern the changing processes of size generation mechanism are the displacement between wheel axis and work axis, the wheel wear during each step and the size generation rate.View full abstractDownload PDF (1003K) -
The Propagation of Strain Wave in Viscoelastic Bars due to Longitudinal ImpactHachiro TSUCHIYA, Tomoichi INOUE, Yuzo MORI, Naoya IKAWA1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 467-472
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper deals with the measurement of pressure wave produced by spark discharge in liquid. Analyses are made, in this paper, for the dynamic response of the nylon bar as a medium to measure the pressure wave. When longitudinal impact is applied on one end of a steel bar which is in contact at the other end with the nylon bar, the propagation of strain wave in the latter is analyzed both experimentally and theoretically.The results obtained are as follows : (1) The strain wave propagation in visco-elastic bars can be analyzed theoretically by using the Laplace transform technique. (2) The model of the nylon bar and its parameters necessary to evaluate the strain at the end of the nylon bar are determined as follows. A three-parameter model is suitable for representing the mechanical behaviour of the nylon bar, and the equivalent Young's moduli and the viscous constant for the model are 1. 3 ×104 kgf/cm2, 2.7 x 104 kgf/cm2 and 1.5×103 kg/cm·s, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (1083K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 473-478
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 479-486
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 487-493
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 494-501
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: February 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
[in Japanese]1980 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 502-503
Published: April 05, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (529K)
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