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Volume 48, Issue 12
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1549-1554
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1321K) -
Energy State and Phase Characteristics of Regenerative Chatter System under Coupling ModeYoshiaki MAEDA, Akira YAMAMOTO, Yukio KINOSHITA1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1555-1560
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous paper, the variation of the regenerative chatter stability accompanied with the rotational speed vibration coupling was discussed by paying an attention to the vibration amplitude. In this paper, a model analysis is carried out from the viewpoint of the energy state of the regenerative chatter system to investigate the mechanism of this stability variation. And then, experimental results are re-examined about the phase characteristics of modulations and speed vibration whose important roles in the stability variation have been proved from this analysis. Main results are as follows : (1) It has been analytically shown that under some phase conditions the vibratory energy of the regenerative chatter system coupled with speed vibration becomes larger than that of uncoupled cases. This assures the unstabilization effect experimentally observed. (2) Phase-conditions of modulations and speed vibration are closely related to the aspect of the regenerative chatter, and peculiar phasic diagrams are observed respectively for the primary, transient and steady-state stage of the chatter. (3) On the case where the remarkable unstabilization caused by the speed vibration coupling is observed, such phase conditions as make the vibratory energy state of the regenerative chatter system a local maximum are generally chosen, and this encourages the development of the chatter.View full abstractDownload PDF (1159K) -
Norio KUROCHI, Tsuneyoshi WATANABE1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1561-1566
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe CAD/CAM system for sheet metal structural parts which was successfully developed, is now being extended into practical use. The parts are mainly used in electronic equipment such as mounting hardware for variety of devices and components. Essentially, it assumes a multi-kind and small quantity production. Design and manufacturing of the individual parts are not necessarily expensive nor too much brain work is required, whereas many skilled hands are needed. The total production of sheet metal parts is the biggest in the factory. Nevertheless, graphic figure of the sheet metal parts are different to that of other machined parts. To establish effective CAD system for the sheet metal structural parts, a new geometric modeling and computer graphic processing methods are used, and their description is given in this paper. It also provides a classification of the different sheet metal structural parts figures.View full abstractDownload PDF (916K) -
Manufacture of the Experimental Apparatus and Distribution of the Stress in Chip-Tool Contact RegionYasuhiro TANI, Takaaki NAGAO, Norio TAKENAKA1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1567-1572
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo analyze the cutting mechanism of face grinding, model tests of two-dimensional cutting are carried out under the condition that depth of cut is kept constant and that rake angle is negative. The work is made of Plasticine whose similarity with heated steel is claimed. At first small-sized three-component dynamometer with the structure of parallel beams having circular holes is developed. Using a fiat tool to which those dynamometers are attached, the distribution of the stress in chip-tool contact region is observed. The results are as follows : (1) The normal stress takes a maximum value near the tool edge and has a constant in the middle of the contact region. The frictional stress varies to positive or negative alternately. (2) The curves of the distribution change slightly with rake angle or cutting speed. The value of the normal stress increases as rake angle decreases or cutting speed increases. In contract with that, the absolute value of the frictional stress reduces.View full abstractDownload PDF (978K) -
1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1572
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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Yoshihisa TANIMURA1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1573-1577
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper a differential laser interferometer is described which has been developed for the purpose of measuring the pitch and width of a micropattern like LSI. In order to make sensitivity optically high, the interferometer has two pairs of prism devices to extend optical path difference five times by each device. The method extending optical path difference is to arrange multipass beam with two rows at the limited incident area of each prism device. As the result it is possible to make the prism device small until 1/2.5 in the ratio of prism diameter compared with the usual arrangement of a row multipass beam. The interferometer, moreover, can detect differentially double the small displacement of a micro positioning table. As the result the interferometer optically increases 10 times in sensitivity and has the measurement unit of λ/40 together with the signal procedure of a photodetector. The stability of all the interferometer to be assembled is 0.02 μm in fluctuation over half an hour.View full abstractDownload PDF (1106K) -
Hiroshi AN1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1578-1583
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis report is concerned with the automated method for measuring Brinell hardness, which is intended for measuring accurately, automatically, and rapidly a diameter of indentation formed on a specimen. The features of the measuring system of this noncontact type, such a simple mechanism, a short measuring time and a high accuracy, are composed of a laser equipment and a microcomputer. The principle of automatic measurement is described, and a personal error and a deviation of the resulting Brinell hardness measured with this system is also discussed comparing with those obtained by a usual method using a measuring micro scope. As the present automated system using the microcomputer can detect the center of the indentation much easilier compared with the conventional measuring microscope method, the diameters in two directions are obtainable accurately. Comparing to the conventional system, therefore, a reduction in the complexity in the calculating of the Brinell hardness value and the personal error are available. Further, it is shown that this automated method using the microcomputer and the laser equipment attained an improvement of accuracy, stability and measuring time compared with the usual method using the measuring microscope.View full abstractDownload PDF (1020K) -
Akimasa YAMADA, Yoshitaka KOKAJI, Shin'ei MINETA, Masayuki IKEDA, Nobu ...1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1584-1589
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPower density distribution of high power CO2 laser beam is successfully measured using a system designed especially. An infrared detector with single element of HgCdTe is used in the system. Incident beam is weakened to suit the sensitivity of the detector by applying a beam splitter of Si wafer coated with Au film. Scanning is carried out mechanically, in vertical direction by rectilinear motion of the detector and in horizontal direction by brandishing of the beam reflected from a rotary prism. Micro processors and random access memories are used for data aquisition and processing. Items of representation by the system are such as graphic display of power density distribution, contour lines and a bird's-eye view. Actual value of power density is reckoned using whole power incidence and sum of all data. Threshold power density to evaporate PMMA is estimated by the contour of a crater formed at beam skirts where power density is inclined.View full abstractDownload PDF (1151K) -
The Method to Detect the Load from the Displacement of Loading PointTakao SAKAI, Shigeyuki SHIMACHI1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1590-1595
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOrdinary scales with differential cams should be reconstructed if we want to get more accuracy in them, for there are too many pairs from the cam-pendulums to the rack which drives the pinion attached to the pointer. To omit those pairs, the authors tried to detect the load at the loading point. Namely they attached the end of the rack to this point directly to get the displacement of the load. In this paper, after some discussions on the motion analysis the authors offered a design procedure which is sure to provide a total accuracy of less than 1/1 000 (indication error/full scale) including the other errors. They checked experimentally the kinematic error and confirmed their theory.View full abstractDownload PDF (1053K) -
Thermal Contact Resistance at the Interface of Two Unidirectional Rough SurfacesKazuhisa YANAGI, Tadao TSUKADA1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1596-1602
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors analyzed the thermal contact resistance at the interface of two unidirectional rough surfaces making their asperity lays cross each other in arbitrary angle. On the three-dimensional contact mechanism of surface asperities, the mathematical models of thermal resistance were pro-posed which quantitatively coincided with the experimental results with and without the interstitial materials. The main conclusions were that the thermal contact resistance increases with decreasing cross angle between the two directions of surface asperity with lay orientation and the thermal contact resistance decreases with an increase in contact pressure.View full abstractDownload PDF (1185K) -
Hiroshi YOSHIMOTO, Ichiro INASAKI, Sakae YONETSU1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1603-1607
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to develop the practical damper which can suppress the regenerative chatter in the lathe. First, based on the stability analysis of the dynamic cutting process, the optimum combination of the damper parameters were theoretically investigated, and then the damper was designed. The rubber roller which serves as the spring as well as the damping element is in contact with the workpiece. The natural frequency of the damper can be changed by moving the added mass along the arm of the damper. This idea made it possible to adjust the damper parameters corresponding to the dynamic characteristics of the main vibration system. The effect of the damper was investigated through the actual cutting tests. It was confirmed that the considerable increase of the critical width of cut was obtained.View full abstractDownload PDF (982K) -
Mitsuro HATTORI, Hohsei NOGUCHI, Kazutaka TAMAKOHRI, Kohsuke HARADA, T ...1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1608-1613
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new type induction motor with a built-in torque sensor has been developed in order to monitor grinding torque. Its rotor shaft consists of a hollow shaft and a torsion-bar, each of which has a disc with equally separated magnets, and torque output is calculated by microcomputer from time delay of pulses generated in detecting coils. This torque sensor has good linearity in torque and rotation speed output. Torque ripple and zero-point drift caused by rotation speed change are estimated less than 1 N·m. It is so sensitive that it can detect torque ripple driven from belts' rotation error on the grinding machine. And using a low path filter it can surely monitor grinding torque without such torque ripple. It can also estimate the timeconstant of the grinding-wheel and workpiece system in transient torque situation of a grinding cycle. As a grinding-wheel motor the developed one has as good property as a usual one.View full abstractDownload PDF (1153K) -
Muneharu MOROZUMI, Satoshi KISHI1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1614-1620
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMuch reference has been made to phenomenon that a generated screw thread flank may be re-cut by the outside corner of a milling cutter. But no precise analysis has been made on this phenomenon of the interference yet. This paper deals with a precise analysis of the interference involved in the screw thread cutting performed with a cone-shaped milling cutter. First, two kinds of interference which are involved in this cutting are clarified. Secondly, the methods of calculating the limit cutter pressure angles to avoid these interferences are given. Thirdly, the way to calculate the sectional shape of the generated screw thread is given. Fourthly, the correlations of interference to the cutter pressure angle, the lead angle of the screw thread, the cutter diameter are clarified by numerical examples. Finally, the theory is justified by the drawing of the sectional shape of the generated screw thread and the practical performance of the screw thread cutting and by the measurement of the sectional shape.View full abstractDownload PDF (1232K) -
Kozo KISHI, Yoshio ICHIDA1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1621-1627
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes the experimental analysis on the wear mechanism of CBN (cubic boron nitride) wheel in grinding high-carbon high-vanadium steel. The reciprocating plunge surface grinding tests for 3.2% C-11.4% V steel were carried out by using CBN resinoid wheel, and the parameters which represent the grinding ability of grinding wheel, such as radial grinding wheel wear, specific grinding wheel wear, grinding force, number of cut-ting edges, etc. were measured to know the major factor controlling the wheel wear. Furthermore, the variation of wheel working surface in the grinding process was observed microscopically by using a two stage replica method to grasp the shape of wheel wear. Some results obtained in this paper are summarized as follows : (1) When the coefficient of grain depth of cut ψg= (v/V), √t/D does not exceed a critical value ψgc= 5.6 × 10-5, specific grinding wheel wear rg is proportional to ψg0.32 approximately. However, rg increases rapidly with ψg when ψg exceeds ψg, (2) When ψg does not exceed ψgc, average grinding force per a grain cutting edge fts is solely a function of ψg approximately. From this relation, it was indicated that rg was proportional to fts0.41 approximately.View full abstractDownload PDF (10399K) -
Hidehiko TAKEYAMA, Noboru IIJIMA, Nobuhiko NISHIWAKI, Katsuhiko KOMOTO1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1628-1633
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently various types of high-damping material have been developed. The objective of this study is to investigate theoretically and experimentally how to apply a ferromagnetic type of high-damping material to tool holder aiming at its dramatic improvement of dynamic rigidity in a fashion of quantitative and programmable introduction of damping element, which has not been realized hitherto. Analytically it has been revealed that the highest dynamic rigidity of tool holder can be attained by combining the high-damping material and a statically high-stiff material such as sintered carbide approximately half and half in length. Finally, the analytical results have been confirmed through frequency response test and actual cutting test.View full abstractDownload PDF (981K) -
Studies on Performance of Cutting Points of a Grinding Wheel (3rd Report)Seiki MATSUI, Katsuo SHOJI1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1634-1638
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe paper describes the development and trial product of a single-grit grinding test apparatus. The basic apparatus consists of a horizontal surface grinder and a system for controlling the grinding force by manipulating the infeed. A micro-computer is applied for the control and processing of data. Another important feature of the apparatus is that a high-frequency piezoelectric dynamometer is mounted on a rotary wheel, on the periphery of which a grit to be tested is fastened. The dynamometer output signal is fed via a slip ring to the micro-computer. These lead to a remarkable reduction of trouble and time required for testing, and consequently enable to increase the number of samples. A series of single-grit grinding tests have been carried out on the combination of Cr-Mo steel and WA grit at various reference values of grind-ing force using the apparatus. Each several test is made on 20 samples. Fluctuation of grinding force is maintained within about 20% of the desired value. Wear rate has a considerable variation from grit to grit. The mean rate of wear is proportional to the grinding force exerted on grit.View full abstractDownload PDF (3870K) -
Yatsuo IKEZAKI, Yoshimi TAKEUCHI, Masafumi SAKAMOTO1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1639-1644
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study proposes a new way to accurately measure transient cutting forces of a rotating tool such as a milling cutter from the tool side. The transmission of cutting forces through mercury slip ring or FM antenna is liable to be affected by noises. Therefore, a noise-free device has been developed to obtain reliable cutting data, where amplified output signals from strain gauge bridges are digitized using a 8-bit A-D converter and then converted to continuous serial data streams to optically transmit them outside a machine tool by use of LED. Received serial data streams are conversely restored to parallel data, which are immediately plotted under the control of a personal computer. The transient cutting forces can be measured without any trouble., As a result, this method was found to be very practical to analyze cutting phenomena and applicable to a variety of measuring field.View full abstractDownload PDF (1192K) -
[in Japanese]1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1645-1650
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1651-1657
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2399K) -
[in Japanese]1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1658-1663
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1021K) -
[in Japanese]1982 Volume 48 Issue 12 Pages 1664-1671
Published: December 05, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1625K)
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