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Volume 51, Issue 11
Displaying 1-23 of 23 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 1977-2000
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2001-2007
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2008-2013
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2014-2019
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2020-2027
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2028-2033
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2034-2039
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2040-2046
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 16, 2010
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2047-2052
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2053-2058
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2059-2063
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2064-2067
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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The Case of Polyhedra without HolesSusumu FURUKAWA1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2071-2076
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVarious Problems of constructing and processing polyhedra represented by the hierarchical tree structure of convex components have been approached by the authors for several years. An algorithm of generating the tree structures of polyhedra is discussed in this paper. To decompose a polyhedron into the smaller components may be necessary in the processes of constructing the structure. A new method for this type of problem, which is based on the idea of utilizing the boundary edge line loops between used and unused faces for making the convex hull of the original one, is presented for the case of a polyhedron without holes. The main feature of this method is (1) the polyhedron can always be decomposed uniquely, (2) no vertex is newly produced, and (3) the number of newly created components may not become so large.View full abstractDownload PDF (1307K) -
Knowledge Representation of Machine OrganizationYoshiki KISHI1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2077-2083
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper presents basic methods for making a conceptual design system based on knowl-edges of machines. Knowledges are classified to 5 classes such as MODEL, FORMULA, SAPCE, RULE, and GENERIC. MODEL, FORMULA, SPACE, RULE, and GENERIC represent knowl-edges about organized structure, mathematical form, spatial structure, logic procedure, and general principal respectively. Especially the knowledge representation of MODEL is argued. The organization of a machine is expressed hierarchically in 4 levels, from the top level FUNCTION, DEVICE, ELEMENT, and DETAIL. The FUNCTION is the work of a machine. The DEVICE is a name of the machine. The ELEMENT has parts, relations among parts, works of parts and relations, and evaluations of the machine. To convert the organization of a machine to knowledges, the core of the organization expressed in Japanese is picked up into a depth-first data format by experts. The depth is according to the hierarchy. The implemented software programed in PROLOG on LISP 1.5 translates the data into knowledges based on Minsky's frame ideas. Basic methods for utilization of knowledges are implemented in a Q & A software. The software programed in PROLOG on LISP 1.5 is equipped with a Japanese-like language interface for users.View full abstractDownload PDF (1570K) -
Characteristics of Motion and Optimum Impact ConditionsKunio KOIZUMI, Yasuo YOKOYAMA1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2084-2089
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe study deals with repetitive impact motion of the two-degrees-of-freedom hammering system consisting of an exciter, an impacter and a rigid stop for improvement of a vibrating hammer. This paper presents properties of the impact velocity of the hammer, the amplitude of both bodies, many resonant frequencies of the vibration and the impact activity. The activity is estimated by impulse and amplitude ratio of the impacter to the exciter. The value depends on excitation frequency, setting gap of the stop, mass of bodies and stiffness of springs. It is resonant condition that two ratios of the natural frequency to the excitation one equal to the multitude of integer. The limited gap range and the colliding velocity fail nearby these resonances. Solutions of the optimum impact problem give us combinations of mass and stiffness at the peak activity. There are three peaks in the case of adjustable gap and the only one peak in fixed gap. Two peaks exist on estimation of the product of impulse and amplitude ratio. This system surpasses the one-degree-of-freedom hammering system about the activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (1372K) -
Yuzo MORI, Toshio HONGO, Yasuo HIGASHI, Kazuhisa SUGIYAMA, Kazuto YAMA ...1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2090-2095
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPhoton Factory needs a focusing mirror with high form accuracy of 0.01 μm/100 mm for utilizing SOR (Synchrotron Orbital Radiation). In order to finish a focusing mirror with such a high accuracy by NC EEM (Numerically Controlled Elastic Emission Machining), the measurement of the surface profile of preworked mirror should be made with enough accuracy. However, the measuring method or the measuring instrument with such a high accuracy of 0.01 μm/100 mm has not been developed yet. In the present study, the normal vectors at each points on the mirror surface are determined by making the incident light beam on the mirror surface and the reflected beam at that point coincident, the surface gradients at each points are calculated from the normal vector and the surface profile is obtained by integrating the gradients. The measuring instrument was constructed according to the above principle of measuring method. The surface profile of the mirror with the size of 100 mm square and with the radius of curvature of 5 550 mm was measured by the present instrument with the accuracy of 0.01 μm/100 mm.View full abstractDownload PDF (4063K) -
Experiments on Piston Slap and DiscussionTakashi MATSUDA, Motohiro SATO1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2096-2101
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffect of inclined ring piston on piston slap reduction are studied and discussed experimentally in this paper. Inclined ring piston and experimental system on piston slap are designed and manufactured. Then, piston slap measurements are carried out in six kinds of piston crank devices equipped with known piston and five kinds of inclined ring pistons respectively. Their experimental results are compared with computation results of piston side thrust force and discussed. These results are summarized as follows. (1) The occurrence of severe piston slap is due to large magnitude and abrupt direction-variation of piston side thrust force. (2) Abrupt direction-variation of piston side thrust force can be removed by utilizing inclined ring piston instead of known piston, whose inclined direction angle is larger than 45° and smaller than 135°. (3) It is ascertained experimentally that the piston crank device, which is equipped with the above inclined ring piston, has no severe piston slap phenomena.View full abstractDownload PDF (1531K) -
Causes of Errors and CountermeasureKihachiro NISHIKAWA1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2102-2108
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes measuring errors especially caused by displacement of the sample item which causes variation in the lens magnification ratiq and out-focus. The image shape of the video signal following defocus varies according to the nature of the projected back light. In some cases, if the light is diffused by the project lens, the measured dimension of the sample becomes larger than that of the focus point, regardless of the distance of the sample from the camera. Thus, the controlling of the light and the slice level are critical for good measurement. As a countermeasure, a telecentric optical system is very useful when the slice level is set midway between dark and light. The diameter of a telecentric stop can be made as small as 1.5 mm to 3 mm. By using this technique, it is possible to keep the measuring error within ± 1 pm when measuring φ 0.7 mm wire even in the case of a displacement 10 mm from the focus point. In another analysis of measuring moving sample, it has been reported that measuring errors are caused by image size variation which occurs because of the time needed for scanning the image. The total exposure time limits moving velocity of the sample affecting the defocus.View full abstractDownload PDF (3572K) -
The Highest Practical Accuracy TestTakeshi YASUI, Tatsuro KATO, Miyahiko ORITA, Hiroyuki YOSHIDA, Toshio ...1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2109-2114
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper deals with a practical accuracy test procedure for NC lathes. Ratios of feed pitch component and the maximum component having longer pitch than the feed one of surface roughnesses are used for finding the highest practical accuracy of the lathes. Free cutting brass and diamond are used for the test workpieces and cutting tools respectively. 32 NC lathes are tested with the test procedure proposed and the test result showed that at first the accuracy is slightly deteriorated with used years but is sharply deteriorated and scattered when over 5 years. It is verified that the 95% confidence limits of the test results are less than 0.02 mm/rev.View full abstractDownload PDF (1142K) -
Setting of Criterion for Sensing of Tool Wear by Analytical MethodYukitatsu KASHIMURA1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2115-2121
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn-process detection of tool wear have been attempted for adaptive control or unmanned operation of machine tools. This paper proposes a model based on the cutting data by the tool with flank wear land. In the model, stresses on flank wear land are related to the shear stress on the shear plane. The model and an energy method enabled to predict the cutting forces and the cutting force ratios (axial force to tangential force, radial force to tangential force) with the increase of tool flank wear land in turning. It is clarified that a resolution of the increase of tool flank wear land by cutting force ratios is 0.025-0.035 mm/%. The analytical method is applied to set a criterion for sensing of tool wear by means of the cutting force ratios.
The criterion set by analytical method is available to detect and control tool flank wear land.View full abstractDownload PDF (1602K) -
Katsuzo OKADA, Makoto YOSHIDA1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2122-2126
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this paper is to develop new graphite-dispersed tin-base composite materials made by melting for dry bearing and to investigate the friction and wear on the sliding contact between new bearings and steels. The main results are as follows : (1) Hardness of new graphite-dispersed tin-base composite materials is larger than that of solid-state sintered ones. (2) Coefficient of friction and specific wear rate of the former composites are smaller than those of the latter ones.View full abstractDownload PDF (10459K) -
Influences of the Transducer Inclination AngleShigeo ZAIMA, Yasuo SUZUKI, Susumu KAMO, Masami UNO1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2127-2132
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the screw vibration, vibration direction at the small end of the horn varies with the transducer inclination angle φ, in short, the ratio of torsional velocity component to vertical one changes. So, it is necessary to clear effects of φ. Vibration behavior, velocity and stress distribution were calculated and some exponential taper horns were made on the theory in the previous paper, and then effects of φ were examined by measuring the velocity or the displacement. In addition, glass drilling experiments were carried out by utilizing the base face of the small end of the horn, and usefulness of the ultrasonic drilling by screw vibration was examined. Following results are obtained : (1) As φ increases, the taper constant of the horn decreases, then the total length of the horn should be long. The vibration direction at the small end of the horn is equal to φ at the outside part of the horn, and gradually approaches to the vertical direction near the center of the horn. The suitable value of φ to generate perfect screw vibration is about 20-30°. (2) The machining rate shows the maximum value when the ratio of amplitude to mean diameter of abrasive grain is about 0.3, that is, the mean grain diameter is about 3-4 times amplitude. Suitable machining pressure in screw vibration is higher than that in longitudinal vibration, and surface roughness becomes somewhat finer. B4C abrasive grain was recognized somewhat good effect on both machining rate and surface roughness.View full abstractDownload PDF (3789K) -
Susumu TOMODA, Akira SUGAWARA, Koji INAGAKI1985 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 2133-2138
Published: November 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to clarify the mechanism of lapping burn. The cause of lapping burn is generally considered to be the oxidization of the lapping surface of the workpiece. But, there are also many cases that can not be thought to result from it. In this paper, therefore, it was supposed that lapping burn should not be caused by the oxidization of the lapping surface, and the experimental methods to proove this supposition are as follows ; (1) detecting elements of the lap and the lapping powders embedding in the lapping surface by using X-ray, (2) hydrogen treatment of the lapping surface, (3) the sectional observation of the lapping surface, (4) the in-liquid lapping method by means of kerosene. As for brass, the experiment suggests that the cause of lapping burn is to be the minute powders abhered or embedded in the lapping surface which arised out of the lap and the workpiece.View full abstractDownload PDF (9208K)
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