Journal of the Japanese Society of Revegetation Technology
Online ISSN : 1884-3670
Print ISSN : 0916-7439
ISSN-L : 0916-7439
Volume 15, Issue 4
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
  • Hiroshi MURAI, Mahmoud A. ALAFIFI, Shinji YOSHIZAKI, Suhayl A. ITANI, ...
    1989 Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 1-11
    Published: July 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A similitude model of a sand dune was erected at the Agricultural Research and Education Center of the United Arab Emirates University. The model was used to study the contribution of synthetic resin emulsion spray on dune stabilization and vegetation growth. Dune stabilization was studied in terms of control of shifting sand and effect on topographic changes. Vegetative growth was assessed using transplanted trees of two locally adapted species:(Samar ; Acacia tortilis, Ghaf: Prosopis spicigera) and three local shrubs:(Rims ; Hammada elegans, Arta ; Calligonum comosum, Markh ; Leptadenia pyrotechnica). Transplanting was done just before emulsion application at a density of 2000 plants per hector. Vegetation height and crown area in 6 quadrates were measured. Shifting sand at the top of dune was controlled and little topographic change was recognized in all measured points after spraying the emulsion. Vegetation grew well on the top of the dune and crown interference was observed 20 months after transplanting. Shrubs protected trees from strong aeolian activities due to their initial rapid growth. Deformation and destruction of the emulsion's crust were not observed within the 20 months period after its spraying. The use of synthetic resin emulsion along with the establishment of a vegetative belt provided a practical and effective method for sand dune stabilization in the United Arab Emirates. This study was carried as part of the joint study project between the Faculty of Agricultural sciences, United Arab Emirates University and the Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University on “Improvement of arid land agriculture in the United Arab Emirates” under the technical cooperation program by Japan International Cooperation Agency.
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  • Akira KOTO, Hiroyasu ONUMA, Yoshitaka KAKUBARI, Suhail A. ITANI, Imad ...
    1989 Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 12-19
    Published: July 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The effect of two irrigation treatments on leaf transpiration rate (TR) and leaf temperature (LT) of alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) was measured on a daily and seasonal basis. The treatments consisted of two different irrigation frequencies ; Normal (N: every other day irrigation) and Frequent (F: everyday irrigation). The effect of irrigation frequency on TR and LT was much greater in April and August than in November and January. TRn on a non-irrigated day was lower than TRf reflecting soil water status in April and August. The maximum difference in LT (Ltn-LTf) was 4°C and 6°C in April and August, respectively. Both plant height and total dry yield were 10% higher in the F treatment than in the N treatment, which was attributed the difference in TR and LT. Estimated transpiration amount of the N alfalfa (TAn) was smaller than that of the F alfalfa (TAf) on the non-irrigated day. The ratio of TAn to TAf was 77%, 72%, 70% and 92% in April, August, November and January, respectively.
    Linear regression models of TR with several independent parameters such as quantum (QU), vapour pressure deficit (VPD), relative humidity (RH), leaf temperature (LT) and chamber temperature (CT) were established for the F alfalfa. QU had the highest positive correlation with TR among these parameters. A separate experiment, in which different light intensity treatments were established, also showed good correlation between these two factors.
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  • Analysis of the transpiration characteristics under soil water deficit using numerical model
    Nobuhito OHTE, Masakazu SUZUKI, Sumiji KOBASHI
    1989 Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 20-30
    Published: July 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In order to analyze the influence of soil moisture conditions on the growth of Salix matsudana Koidz. which is used for refor estation inMu Us Shamo desert in China, the numerical model was proposed. By using meteorological data, the model could predict the timesequential changes of soil moisture conditions and char acteristics of transpiration. The model had twoparts: 1) the dry sand surfacemodel 2) the root absorbing distribution model. The soil moisture and root absorbing distribution could be predicted by model 2 using the infiltration rate below the surface estimated by model 1. The model was applied to the two sample trees of different forms planted in locations of different soil moisture conditions. The characteristics of consumption of soil water of each tree were predicted timesequetialy using the following data have been observed by the Japan-China joint research group since1986: Micrometeorological situations and soil moisture conditions of the dune, evaporation from the sand surface, and transpiration of Salix matsudana. The form variations of the two trees were a result of the soil water conditions depending whether the soil water could reach the root zone from the ground water level by capillary rising or not. The results of prediction suggested that the adaptation strategy of both trees were effective in avoiding the blocking of absorption by soil water deficit in dry season.
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  • Kozo KUTSUNA, Hiromi YOKOTA
    1989 Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 31-35
    Published: July 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Three kinds of water holding substances were applied to sandy soil and the effects of salts on the water retentivity of water holding substances were studied by the measurement of water evaporation from the soil, and bulk density, porosity, three phase distribution of the soil. Water evaporation from sandy soil was repressed by the application of water holding substances, but the repression of water evaporation decreased with an increase of the salt concentration. The difference of water retentivity of the 3 water holding substances was not observed when the salts were added. The bulk density of the soil increased and the porosity of the soil decreased by the addition of salts. Water retentivity of water holding substances decreased by the addition of salts in the order of Ca>Mg>K>Na.
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  • Tetsuro IGARASHI, Kiyoshi KAJI
    1989 Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 36-42
    Published: July 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Tatsuaki KOBAYASHI
    1989 Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 43-57
    Published: July 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
  • [in Japanese]
    1989 Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 58-62
    Published: July 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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