The purpose of this study is to investigate the competence transformation process of medical social workers (MSWs) from novice to veteran stage based on interviews with 17 MSWs with more than 15 years of experience working for acute-care hospitals. Four MSWs were selected from 17 to analyze detailed features of the transformation process in practice competence. Four types of competence transformation processes were detected: (Type 1) combining theory and practice, (Type 2) having their own professional stance, (Type 3) establishing stable relationships with clients and staff, (Type 4) balancing these three types. These four different types of MSWs have common features in novice, mid-career, and veteran stage as follows : In the novice stage, MSWs obtain the basic knowledge/skills and can deliver basic assistance. In the mid-career stage they can do evidence-based practice. In the veteran stage, they obtain a variety of knowledge and techniques based on experience, were prepared to be supervisor, and had the approval from peers.

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