In order to study on the nature of the red cell warm autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AHA), three aspects of the warm autoantibodies observed in this study were: (1) the immunoglobulin (Ig) class, (2) complement-binding capacity, and (3) blood group specificity.
1) Among 36 patients with warm type AHA, IgG alone was found on the surface of the red cells in 30 (83.3%), IgG and IgA both found in a single case (2.8%), IgG and IgM were found in two (5.55%). Mixed IgG and IgD were detected in one case (2.8%).
2) Studies on the complement-binding capacity of the red cell autoantibodies of 91 cases were made. Binding of IgG and complement was found in 69 cases (75.8%). IgG alone was found in 18 (19.8%) and in the remaining four cases (4.4%) was found only complement.
3) The specificities of incomplete warm autoantibodies of 64 cases were examined. Panreactive autoantibody was found in 58 cases (90.6%). IgG with anti-Rh specificity was detected in only six cases (9.4%), which were: anti-D, 2; anti-C+ anti-e, 1; anti-e, 2; and anti-c, 1. The incidence of panreactive autoantibodies found in this study was higher than that of Caucasians.
Immunohematological studies on the drug (α-methyldopa, mefenamic acid)-induced AHA were also made.
1) Among 156 hypertensive patients treated with α-methyldopa, five cases (3.2%) had positive direct antiglobulin test without hemolytic anemia. The incidence was very low compared with that of other reports of Caucasian cases. The follow-up study showed that the direct antiglobulin test turned out to be negative in 2-12 months after the administration of the drug was ceased. This finding might be quite different with that of idiopathic AHA.
2) Four cases treated with α-methyldopa and one with mefenamic acid were found to be hemolytic anemia.
3) The nature of the red cell autoantibodies of both (1) and (2) group with positive direct antiglobulin test were: eight, the IgG type; one, the IgG and complement type, where no blood group specificities of these IgG antibodies could be detected; and one complement type, in which case autorosette formations and auto-erythro-phagocytoses of neutrophils were observed.
No immunological findings such as positive results of rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibody, and LE-phenomenon could be observed at all in either both of the groups.

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This study was conducted to compare the functional and metabolic changes and their relationship in ACD and CPD preserved whole blood (WB) and red blood cells (RBC), i. e., formally called packed red blood cells.
200ml of blood was collected into blood collecting plastic bags containing 30ml of ACD or 28ml of CPD solutions from 6 young healthy male donors respectively. Each blood sample was equally divided into two parts; One part was used to make a preserved WB and the other part was further processed into RBC. Thus 4 types of samples were obtained, such as ACD·WB, ACD·RBC, CPD·WB, CPD·RBC. They were stored at 4°C during experiment. Measurements of the following parameters were performed within 3 hours and 3, 7, 10, 14 and 21 days after the collection of the blood. Measured parameters and their methods were; Serum glucose by the o-TB method, 2, 3-DPG, serum pyruvate and serum lactate by the enzymatic UV methods, serum K and Na by the flame photometric methods, serum Cl by Schales and Schales method, erythrocyte osmotic resistance by the coil planet centrifuge method and oxygen dissociation curves by using Hemox-Analyzer^®.
The results obtained from this experiment were summerized as follows;
1) The metabolic activities were found in the following order; CPD·WB>CPD·RBC>>ACD·WB≈ACD·RBC.
2) The changes in oxygen dissociation curves were in parallel relationship with the changes in 2, 3-DPG. Their changes were inversely proportional with the metabolic activities.
3) The changes in serum electrolytes depend on whether they were WB or RBC rather than the types of preservative solution used.
4) Erythrocyte osmotic resistance was maintained slightly better in the CPD preserved two groups.
5) Metabolic activity, function of Na-K pump and membrane fragility were not always in parallel relationship with one another.
6) Although the concentration of serum K in RBC was extremely high compared with that in WB, the amount of serum K in both types of preserved blood were almost the same. Therefore, difference in the concentration of serum K does not likely cause a significant difference in clinical effects.

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