日本輸血学会雑誌
Online ISSN : 1883-8383
Print ISSN : 0546-1448
ISSN-L : 0546-1448
35 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の16件中1~16を表示しています
  • 横山 繁樹, 細井 武光
    1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 611-615
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    A plasmapheresis device with polyethylene membrane filtration (APC-2000, Asahi Medical Co.) was tested for the donor's safety, the efficiency of the device and the quality of collected plasma (protein content, clotting and complement factors). The device is easy to set up and permits to collect 450-480ml of plasma within 35 minutes. As to donor safety, there were no significant changes in the donor's physical and biochemical test results. Complement activation, as already indicated, was noticed to be slightly elevated. Three procedures were stopped becaue of system and disposable circuit failure. The recovery rates of protein's components in obtained plasma were slightly low as compared to those of another membrane device (NDP-100, Nipro Co.). In October 1988 the software system was reformed, which were possible to get good recovery of albumin, IgG, and clotting factors. The increased safety and short collection time will be appealing to volunteer plasmapheresis operations. Since this apparatus is so heavy, it may be recommended to improve it to a portable type for mobile plasmapheresis.
  • 岡崎 直人, 松原 康博, 佐藤 暢
    1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 616-621
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    An analysis of red blood cell volume populations has been attempted as an aid to diagnose hematologic diseases, but its discriminability is unsatisfactory, because it has been proved useful only if the histogram indicates an abnormal distribution curve such as double peaks-curve derived from blood transfusion. In this paper, a quantitative analysis for normal distribution curve was examined by the following method.
    The histograms measured by a SYSMEX PDA-400 were treated by the polynominal smoothing method, and these distribution curves were regarded as a function of frequency versus volume, and were fitted by an unweighted non-linear least square method in ten distribution models which consisted of from one to five normal distribution components or from one to five lograithmic normal distribution components, and the fitnes for models was judged by Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC).
    A tri-Gaussian model was decided on an appropriate model from statistical information which showed the lowest AIC in any histograms on both subjects and osmolality of suspensions. The results made clear that the difference of distribution curve was mainly dependent on the difference of mean corpusuclar volume belonging to the largest volume distribution of three Gaussian components, and the relative area (expressed as per cent of the total count) of minor-volume distribution of them decreased and the largest increased under hypotonic osmotic stress.
  • 武部 道和, 羽富 智司, 坪倉 兌雄
    1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 622-626
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Conventional leukocyte removal filters require priming with normal saline, and concentrated red cells have to be diluted with normal saline to give a red cell suspension for speedy filtration. This makes preparation of leukocyte-poor red cells troublesome and time-consumin. The Imugard E filter, in contrast, requires no priming, and allows quick filtration of concentrated red cells with no saline added.
    In this study, buffycoat-poor concentrated red cells were filtrated through the Imugard E filter. The leukocytes removed were more than 99%, and no lymphocytes could be detected in leukocyte-poor concentrated red cells. The red cell loss was less than 20%, and the filtration time required was 3-7min.
    Direct filtration of concentrated red cells through the Imugard E resulted in no significant chantges in ATP concentration, 2, 3-DPG concentration, and no hemolysis due to filtration was noticed. It may be concluded that the Imugard E is a filter of good performance, simple to use and effective in leukocyte removal.
  • 前田 信治
    1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 627-632
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO; 180 or 1800IU/kg) was intravenously administered daily to 6 weeks-old rats for 1 or 2 weeks, and hematological and metabolic properties of the erythrocytes were examined. (1) A considerable polycythemia with reticulocytosis was induced in a dose-dependent manner accompanying increase in MCV and decrease in MCHC. The erythrocytes were inhomogeneous in their density, and the density distribution was shifted towards low specific gravity. Probably, young erythrocytes were increased in the circulation by rhEPO administration. (2) Slight augmentation of intracellular ATP and GTP contents was detected, but 2, 3-DPG content was not altered. (3) Upon the long-term administration of rhEPO, intracellular hemoglobin content was decreased, and the reticulocytosis was reduced.
  • 前田 信治
    1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 633-639
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Rheological properties of erythrocytes induced by intravenous administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO; 180 or 1800IU/kg daily) to 6 weeks-old rats for 1 or 2 weeks were examined. (1) Increase of blood viscosity was entirely dependent upon the hematocrit. (2) No change of erythrocyte deformability was detected with a high shear rheoscope, in spite of the appearance of large and light (presumably, young) erythrocytes. (3) Velocity of rouleau formation in autologous plasma decreased, probably due to high density of negative charge on the surface of young erythrocytes. In addition, the composition of plasma proteins was not affected by rhEPO-administration. (4) Upon the long-term administration, these rheological findings were not essentially altered.
  • 清水 哲夫, 古田 求, 纐纈 桂子, 堀江 真理子, 高橋 恒夫, 宮原 正行, 大軒 子郎, 田山 達也, 笹川 滋, 白木 洋, 長谷 ...
    1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 640-646
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Four red cell additive solutions, in which 3 are licenced in the U. S. A. and the last is an experimental additive were evaluated in 7 Blood Centers with the same experimental protocol. The ACD-A-anticoagulated red cells were suspended with one of additives (ADSOL, Baxter; SAGM, Terumo; OPTISOL, Terumo; MAP developed by Dr. S. Sasagawa of Japanese Red Cross) with a hematocrit of 55-65%. Then they were stored in PVC plastic blood bags for 49 days at 4°C. The ATP, 2, 3-DPG levels, morphologic scores, and glucose consumption of red cells were similar in 4 additives. The degree of %hemolysis was the least in MAP. But, the pH levels of RC suspended with MAP were lower by 0.1 unit than those of remaining 3 additives. The resistance to low osmolarity was slightly better in MAP than those of 3 remaining additives. The overall results suggest that MAP and OPTISOL caused a slightly better results in preventing hemolysis, although the data from another parameters indicate that there were no significant differences between 4 additives. Therefore, we should introduce MAP or OPTISOL into the Japanese Blood Program because of the low levels of hemolysis.
  • 大坂 顯通, 北川 誠一, 湯尾 明, 小幡 隆, 雨宮 洋一, 三浦 恭定, 斉藤 政樹, 高久 史麿
    1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 647-652
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) enhanced superoxide (O-2) release and membrane depolarization in human neutrophils stimulated by the receptor-mediated agonists, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and wheat germ agglutinin, but not by the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin and phorbol myristate acetate, which bypass the receptors to stimulate the cells. The optimal effect was obtained by pretreatment of cells with 25-50ng/ml rhG-CSF for 10min at 37°C. rhG-CSF neither affected stimulus-induced increase in cytoplasmic free Ca2+ nor changed the number and affinity of FMLP-receptors. rhG-CSF increased the expression of C3bi-receptors on human neutrophils and enhanced adherence to nylon fiber.
    rhG-CSF was administered (50-800μg/m2) once daily as a half-hour intravenous infusion for a total of 14 days to seven patients with malignant lymphoma following the treatment with cytotoxic drugs. In all patients, the administration of rhG-CSF not only increased the peripheral blood neutrophil count and reduced the periods of neutropenia but also enhanced O-2 release in neutrophils stimulated by FMLP. The administration of rhG-CSF also rapidly caused an increase in the expression of neutrophil C3bi-receptors. The pharmacokinetic study of rhG-CSF gave the half-life of 114min. These findings demonstrate that rhG-CSF is a potent activator for neutrophil functions in vivo as well as in vitro.
  • 宮原 正行, 大熊 重則, 西崎 太計志
    1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 653-658
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    A quintuple-bag system with a small filter was devised to prepare leukocyte-depleted red blood cells in a closed system. This system is a combination of buffy coat removal by centrifugation and filtration through cotton filter. Approximately 65% of leukocytes were removed in the first step, centrifugation process, and approximately 98% of leukocytes were removed in the following filtration process. Removal of leukocytes increased up to 99% when the filtration was carried out at 4-6°C. Thus, the number of leukocytes remaining in the red cell concentrates derived from 400ml of blood was estimated to be approximately 1.4×107/unit. Therefore, if the red cells prepared by this method are used, the risk of HLA immunization can probably be prevented.
  • 名雲 英人, 西田 一雄, 茶谷 真, 末光 淳輔, 竹中 良則, 清水 勝
    1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 659-665
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    A new blood collection device was developed, which consisted of a blood filter (Sepacell R-500) to remove leukocytes, a hollow-fiber module (BCC 400) to filtrate plasma from whole blood and two blood collection bags.
    Eleven units of 400ml whole blood fleshly collected were investigated. They had mean volume 456 (SD 8)ml with mean heamatocrit value 41.6 (SD 1.8)%, which were passed through the devices in mean time 9′42″ (SD 2′35″) and were divided directly into mean volume 326 (SD 17)ml of concentrated red cells (CRC) with mean heamatocrit value 65.7 (SD 5.0)% and 149 (SD 10)ml of plasma.
    In the CRC 95.6% of white blood cells and 98.8% of platelets were removed on average, while 81.0% of red blood cells were recovered. There were no significant differences between the pretreated whole blood and the treated CRC at the levels of ATP and 2, 3-DPG in red blood cells, osmotic fragility and the value of platelet factor 4, C3a and C5a in plasma. During 28 days storage, ATP, 2, 3-DPG, free hemoglobin and pH levels in the treated CRC showed the same changes as those in the CRC prepared with centrifugation as usual.
    These results indicate that the leukocyte-depleted CRC passed through this device can be simply prepared in a closed system at donating blood, so that their shelf-life will have to be as long as that of conventional CRC.
  • 大久保 進, 大西 修司, 石田 萠子, 安永 幸二郎
    1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 666-668
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Routine antibody detection tests on the serum of a 76-year-old patient with urinary bladder carcinoma disclosed the presence of a cold saline active antibody. The patient's serum, from which anti-I had been previously absorbed, agglutinated all of the panel cells (Ortho) at the room temperature, while the autologous control was negative. The Ortho panel cell suspension products contain chloramphenicol (CP), and further examinations revealed that the panagglutination activity of the patient's serum could be detected only in the presence of CP. Pretreatment of the serum with 2-mercaptoethanol extinguished the activity. These results showed that the activity was attributable to an anti-CP antibody (or antibody-like substance) of IgM. This antibody titers had not varied at all during our 2 months' observation. Administration of CP in the patient's past history could not be verified, while the patient had pyrazolone allergy. In the literature, such anti-CP antibody as seen in this patient has been scarecely reported so far.
  • 藤井 浩, 彌重 博巳, 赤萩 照章, 佐治 博夫, 松浦 尚雄
    1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 669-674
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Two hemolytic transfusion reactions related to isoagglutinins present in group 0 platelet concentrates are reported. In the first case, a group A 51-kg patient received 384g of 0 plasma with an anti-A saline titer of 256 and an anti-A immune titer of 128. In the second case, a group A 65-kg patient received 400g of 0 plasma with an anti-A saline titer of 128 and an anti-A immune titer of 256. The clinical and serologic findings in both cases have presented were consistent with those of hemolytic transfusion reaction due to the passive administration of high-titer anti-A in the plasma of group 0 HLA-matched platelet concentrates.
    Then 127 HLA-matched platelet transfusions (including 44 plasma-incompatible transfusions) in 14 alloimmunized patients were studied for hemolysis and two asymptomatic hemolytic transfusion reactions due to same mechanism were suspected.
    Therefore, if ABO-incompatible HLA-matched platelet transfusion must be used. (1) the plasma transfused should be replased with ABO-compatible plasma or saline, (2) the amount of plasma transfused should be minimized, or (3) the donor's serum must contain an agglutinating anti-A and/or anti-B titer of no greater than 32.
  • 西村 要子, 松尾 裕子, 山口 一成, 高月 清, 久田 正直
    1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 675-680
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    It was statistically revealed from the questionnaries that the present status of blood banking in 13 countries (Aruba, Austria, Bangladesh, Bermuda, Egypt, United Kingdom, Greece, Kenya, Norway, Singapore, Switzerland, U. S. A. and Zimbabew) was investigated.
    Only 2 countries (Austria and Bermuda) had not standard for blood banking. It was considerably interested enought to know there was the special qualification system for blood bank technologysts only in U. S. A. and Zimbabwe.
    In all countries, ABO typing test was determined by using both cells and sera. And also Rh typing test was indispensable. Patients' irregular alloantibody screening test is nearly performed using antiglobulin test in all countries.
    We knew that immediate spin procedure was used to the patient's sera without unexpected antibodies only in United States, but antiglobulin test was usually used in the other all countries.
    Medical education and standardization of technique for blood banking are desired in order to establish safty for blood transfusion.
  • 石田 萠子, 大久保 進
    1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 681-686
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Here reported are the results of a questionnaire survey made in May 1989 for the purpose of revealing the present state of blood transfusion divisions of eleven university hospitals in the Kansai region. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Seventy-three percent of the divisions' staffs, including medical doctors, medical technologists and office workers, answered that they were short-handed. This trend was more obvious in the national university hospitals. 2) Although 94% of the staffs answered that blood transfusion services should be offered through 24 hours, none of the 11 divisions had yet introduced this system. 3) The staffs were forecasting that the frequency of autologous transfusions would increase up to 30% among all blood transfusions, and that the new therapeutic procedures, such as the bone marrow transplantation, LAK therapy or clinical application of hemopoietic factors, might gain considerable weight among the buisinesses of transfusion service units in the university hospitals. In order to cope with these trends, the universities have to increase the number of the full-time medical doctors in their transfusion sections, and, furthermore, to raise the status of the leaders of those sections up to the professorship. 4) Staffs of the university hospitals requested the Japan Red Cross Blood Centers (JRCBC) to standardize and coordinate the buisinesses in each center. Further, they expected still more cooperation with the JRCBC for the best use of the special qualities of the JRCBC and those of the universities.
    After all, we have to make more efforts to elevate the divisions of blood transfusion service, in spite of their present difficult situation.
  • 1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 687-706
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 707-720
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 1989 年 35 巻 6 号 p. 721-739
    発行日: 1989/12/30
    公開日: 2010/03/12
    ジャーナル フリー
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