巻号一覧
38 巻, 6 号
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仲 威雄1969 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 562-571
発行日: 1969/06/25
公開日: 2011/08/05
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福井 利安1969 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 572-581
発行日: 1969/06/25
公開日: 2011/08/05
ジャーナル フリー溶接構造材として種々実用化されているAl-Mg系,Al-Mg-Si系,Al-Cu系,Al-Zn-Mg-Cu系およびAl-Zn-Mg系合金の溶接部における共晶融解および微小割れの形成に関し種々調査した結果次の点が明らかとなった.
1)溶接部における共晶融解や微小割れは多層溶接部の内部に認められるが,これらは先行するビード部が,後続のビードによる熱影響を受けて局部溶融し溶接応力下で形成されるものである.
2)共晶融解および微小割れの形成は,溶接条件,板厚,溶接層数,層間温度,拘束,強制冷却,母材および溶加材の化学組成によりいちじるしく影響され,熱入力の大きいときにこの形成はいちじるしい.
3)共晶融解はcavityを含まず単なる共晶組成の粒界偏析だけであるが,微小割れは結晶粒界においてcavityが非連続的に存在するものである.なお,共晶融解は微小割れが形成される一過程であり,また微小割れの原因でもある.
4)微小割れは局部溶融した共晶組成が再凝固する際に生じるが,この形成過程は一般の高温割れの機構で考えることができる.しかしながら,普通の溶接割れとは少し現象的に異なる.
5)アルミニウム合金ではA1-Cll系,Al-Zn-Mg-Cu系合金で共晶融解や微小割れが生じ易く,Al-Mg系,A1-Mg-Si系合金では比較的生じがたい.Al-Zn-Mg系合金はこれらの中間である.
6)共晶融解や微小割れは溶接部の強度および延性をいちじるしく低下させ,ぜ性を示す.したがって,熱入力の制御,強制冷却法,溶接施工法あるいは組成の改良などの点で工業的にもこの防止策を種々検討する必要がある.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (10906K) -
拘束応力について森脇 良一, 藤野 真之1969 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 582-592
発行日: 1969/06/25
公開日: 2011/08/05
ジャーナル フリーIn previous paper the intensity of restraint (K) was clarified quantitatively on the X section member built-up by intermittent weld and the correlation between K of the X section members and those of various cracking test specimens could be established.
The experiments were carried out to determine the reaction stress ((σw)t=∞) of the weld joints of all X section members from measuring the dislocation (displacement) (η) and the throat thickness (hw) of weld joints.
The reaction stress ((σw)t=∞) can be expressed by the following equation,
(σw)t=∞=K⋅η√hw
where η is the average dislocation value and hw is the
average throat thickness of weld joints.
The results obtained are summarized as follows;
1) The intensity of restraint (K) is concerned with the reaction stress ((σw)t=∞) by linear relation, when K is less than 500 kg/mm-mm. The intensity of restraint being greater than 500 kg/mm-mm, however, the relation between K and (σw)t=∞ changes from linear to courved one.
2) The critical intensity of restraint (Kcr) and the critical reaction stress ((σw)cr) depend upon the angle steel size i.e., they are in the curved range of the (σw)t=∞-K diagram on L-150 × 150 × 15, but they are in the linear bounds of the above diagram on L-250 × 250 × 25.
3) And Kcr and (σw)cr do not influence the bead lentgh, but have an important effect upon the angle steel size.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4441K) -
種々の溶接法による各種鋼材の溶接継手の疲れ強さ益本 功, 岩田 光正1969 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 593-600
発行日: 1969/06/25
公開日: 2011/08/05
ジャーナル フリーIt was shown in previous report that the fatigue strength of mild steel butt welded joint was improved by hot galvanizing. This experiment was performed to confirm this effect of hot galvanizing on high strength steel butt welded joint, butt joints by different welding processes and fillet welded joint.
To make clear, whether this effect of hot galvanizing comes from coated zinc itself or it is a thermal effect of heating in zinc bath and cooling in water, the fatigue strength of welded joints, which were dip-heated in zinc bath as well as hot galvanized but had no zinc coatings, was investigated.
The results obtained are summarized as follows;
1) Fatigue strength of 60 kg/mm2 and 80 kg/mm2 high strength steel butt welded joints is also improved by hot galvanizing.
2) Fatigue limit of hot galvanized welded joint of mild steel is nearly the same as that of plain base plate.
3) Only dip-heating in zinc bath and cooling in water is also effective to improve fatigue strength of welded joint. But the degree of the improvement by dip-heating is lower than that by hot galvanizine.
4) A difference of welding processor the contour of weld bead has nothing to do with this effect of hot galvanizing.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4951K) -
石井 勇五郎, 恩沢 忠男, 生沼 利亮, 村越 誠1969 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 601-607
発行日: 1969/06/25
公開日: 2011/08/05
ジャーナル フリーDissimilar metals were bonded by using linear explosive and the constitution of fusion layer of bonded boundary was determined by X-ray microanalyser. The combination expected to form an intermetallic compound was estimated by X-ray diffractometer. The following results were obtained:
1) The fusion layer of combination (Ag-Cu, Cu-Ni, etc.) which was expected to make eutectic reaction or produce a solid solution formed a uniform solid solution.
2) The combination giving an intermetallic compound in equilibrium diagram was investigated by X-ray diffractometer. It was ascertained from X-ray diffraction pattern that the fusion layer consisted of an intermetallic compound. To determine the variety of intermetallic compound was difficult, because X-ray diffraction line was weak. An intermetallic compound of which the constitution resembled the experimental constitution of fusion layer was formed.
3) The fusion layer expected to fuse and mix existed on the bonded boundary of Ag-Fe in a un-solid solution (photo. 8), but the constitution was uniform.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6834K) -
藤村 理人, 中崎 長三郎, 生田 目宏1969 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 608-614
発行日: 1969/06/25
公開日: 2011/08/05
ジャーナル フリーThe fast-neutron irradiation embrittlement of structural steels is an important problem in the design of the pressure vessel of a nuclear power reactor. Many studies have been made on the irradiation embrittlement of steels in foreign countries.
In Japan, plans are also in progress on the irradiation tests of domestic structural steels, and some have already been carried out by Research Commitee of Irradiation Embrittlement of Steels, The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, acting as the center's.
The present paper shows a part of above studies, the results of irradiation tests with JRR-2 of JAERI and also of the postirradiation tests of domestic steels, namely ASTM A302B steel, aluminium-killed steel and their weld metals.
The contents of this paper include (1) irradiation condition of JRR-2, (2) test rig for irradiation, (3) apparatus for the post-irradiation test, and (4) results of the irradiation embrittlement tests and tensile test.
The results obtained are as follows:
(1) The transition temperature shifts for brittle fracture at 6-9 n/cm2 neutron doses were 67°C on A302B base metal, 107°C on its weld metal and 95°C on its bond metal.
(2) The change of tensile property due to neutron irradiation in aluminium-killed steel was larger than in A302B steel.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1395K) -
植田 勇, 三宅 正昭, 川村 正晃1969 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 615-622
発行日: 1969/06/25
公開日: 2011/08/05
ジャーナル フリーThere are three fundamental points to understand the wettability of molten soders. Namely,
(a) The magnitudes of surface energy in mother metal or molten solder and interfacial energy of mother metal/molten solder are closely related to the propriety of wettability.
(b) The alloying tendency between mother metal and molten solder or the magnitude of diffusion power of molten solder to mother metal is related to propriety of wettability.
(c) The magnitudes of alloying energy or potential energy due to gravity are related to propriety of wettability.
Generally, wettability varies with chemical composition of soft solders, fluxes, mother metals and surface condition, heating temperature or atmosphere. And necessary condition to get perfectly wet is the following equation.
σs>σLS+σL⋅cosθ
where σs; surface tension of mother metal.
σLS; interfacial tension of solder/mother metal.
σL; surface tension of solder.
θ; equilibrium contact angle of solder/mother metal.
Accordingly, in this test, authors have measured the spread area of solders combined with various fluxes and investigated the surface tension of mother metal, interfacial tension of solder/mother metal, surface tension of solders and viscosity of fluxes which have effect on the magnitude of spread area. As fluxes, ZnCl2, ZnCl2-SnCl2⋅2H2O, ZnCl2-NH4Cl, ZnCn2-NaCl, ZnCl2-KCI binary system fluxes and ZnCl2-SnCl2. 2H2O-NH4Cl ternary system flux are used. As solders, Sn-Pb, Pb-Cd, Sn-Bi, Sn-Cd, Sn-Zn and teernary solders are used.
The results obtained from above investigations are as follows.
(1) The spread area of eutectic solder at 350°C is little affected by flux such as ZnCl2-NaCl or ZnCl2-KCl.
(2) The spread areas of Sn-Pb, Zn-Cd and Pb-Cd solders are comparatively satisfactory with ZnCl2 flux at 350°C. And in the case of Sn-Pb, Sn-Bi, Sn-Cd, Pb-Sn and Pb-Cd, i.e., two component solders, the spread area with ZnCl2:NH4Cl=2:1 binary flux at 350°C has a comparativey larger value than with ZnCl2 only.
(3) With regard to the effects on spread area of the 3rd alloying metals in eutectic solders, the effects of these metals are not a negligible factor; especially, the spread area is increased by addition of As to eutectic solders. As the quality is deteriorated by addition of As, Bi and Zn, addition of these metals is to be avoided.
(4) When Sn70Wt%-Zn30Wt%, Sn70Wt%-Bi30Wt%, Sn70Wt%-Pb30Wt% and Sn70Wt%-Cd30W% i.e., two component solders combined with ZnCl2;SnCl2⋅2H2O=2:1 and ZnCl2:SnCl22H2O:NH4Cl=2:1:1 system fluxes are used, the temperature dependency of the spread area of solders is relatively high in range from 300 to 400°C. The spread area of above solders combined with ZnCl2:SnCl2⋅2H2O:NH4Cl=2:1:1 ternary flux has a larger value than ZnCl2:SnCl2⋅2H2O=2:1 binary flux.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (441K) -
三ケ島 秀雄, 迎 静雄, 橋本 保1969 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 623-630
発行日: 1969/06/25
公開日: 2011/08/05
ジャーナル フリーRecently, with the progress of a large scale construction, various welding methods for heavy steels have been developed and utilized. Most of them, however, use a large heat input in one pass welding, so that the cooling rate of deposit metal is very slow and the deterioration in notch toughness based on growth of the crystal grain hoses a problem.
Although notch toughness of deposit metal is improved by full annealing after welding, addition of some alloy elements and application of supersonic vibration for the refinement of crystal grains under as-welded condition have been tried so far. But it is considered that the latter is limited in the range of application and grain refinement effects, while further examinations are required for the former.
Seeing that macro-and micro-structures of deposit metal closely resemble that of cast steel, the effects of Ti and Zr on the micro-structure and impact value of cast steel were investigated to make some indirect considerations about the effects of those elements on the notch toughness of welding deposit metal.
Both of Ti and Zr have acted as nucleus in the solidification of molten metal and have refined austenite grain. But, under addition of Ti, the hardness of ferrite grain remarkably increased and the impact value not improve. On the other hand, as the result of addition of Zr which was a considerable refining elemement as austenite grain little increased the hardness of ferrite grain and the impact value markedly rose up to 0.04% Zr.
As the average size of the cleavage fracture facets observed in impact fracture face corresponds to that of austenite grains, it is concluded that the improvements of impact value through addition of Zr is attributed to the refinement of austenite grains without increasing the hardness of micro-structure.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6942K) -
1969 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 643-654
発行日: 1969/06/25
公開日: 2011/08/05
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (3675K) -
1969 年 38 巻 6 号 p. Plate1-Plate2
発行日: 1969/06/25
公開日: 2011/08/05
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (6755K)
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