Electroencephalographical investigations of antiepileptics against four kinds of afterdischarges and three kinds of chemically-induced seizure discharges were carried out in order to predict their clinical efficacy or selectivity for various types of epilepsy. In connection with the chemically-induced seizure discharges, separately from the above experiments, the author also investigated the effects of the convulsant drugs on EEG to clarify their sites and modes of actions in CNS. The following results were obtained.

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Acute intracranial hypertension produced by extradural ballooning and the circulatory disturbance of the brain were investigated with the technique of colloidal carbon injection in 99 cats.
Ballo ons were placed and inflated in the frontal convexity, frontal tip, frontal base and infratentorial area respectively. The distribution of the cerebral circulatory disturbances and physiological phenomena were observed in sequence to time. The recovery of the cerebral circulation after deflation of balloon was also investigated in relation to time.
At first, the circulatory disturbance of the brain associated with intracranial ballooning began with local area of the brain and then extended diffusely in the whole brain in sequence to time. These patterns of extension and its mechanism were verified and discussed. The relationship between the location of the balloon and the neurological signs and phenomena were also clarified.
In the cases of the balloo ning in frontal tip and frontal base, the signs and phenomena of intracranial hypertension had tendency to appear more rapidly and the distribution of the cerebral circulatory disturbance inclined to be less in extent in comparison with ballooning in other areas. This fact suggests that the cerebral circulatory disturbance and cerebral function are not necessarily parallel.
As the caudal displacement and distortion of the brain stem were noted in almost all experiments, which was proved by the midline sagittal section of the brain frozen by liquid nitrogen, a part of vital signs, especially respiratory arrest, might have been caused by the above mechanical changes. Then, photic evoked potentials in visual cortex, upper brain stem, medulla and peripheral facial nerve were recorded in 14 cats to clarify physiologically the cerebral function concomitant with the circulatory disturbance of intracranial hypertension, and the recovery of evoked potentials after decompression were also recorded.
It is inter esting to note that evoked potentials in the brain stem were affected earlier than those in visual cortex. Thus, it can be concluded that cerebral dysfunction begins with caudal displacement or distortion of the brain stem in early stage and then the circulatory disturbance of the brain produces deterioration of the cerebral function.
The cerebral circulatory disturbances were improved considerably after d ecompression. However, microcirculatory disturbances still remained for a while, especially in the brain stem, where circulatory disturbances had been remarkably observed before decompression. The recovery of evoked potentials in the brain stem after decompression tended to be later than those in visual cortex.
These physiological results we ll correlate the results of morphological observation. Therefore, the remaining circulatory disturbances in the brain stem would concerned with vital prognosis after decompression. Whenever evoked potentials in the brain stem did not recover, the vital prognosis of an animal was extremely poor.
Thus, it is rational to conclude that the evoked response of th e brain stem is one of good indicators to evaluate the function of the brain stem and vital prognosis of an animal.

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Ever since disclosure of ceroid in the uterus of vitamin E-deficient rat, the problem on its discrimination from lipofuscin has been the subject of much debate. Only when this discrimination can be satisfactorily made, the independence of ceroid can be said to be established.
Heret o fore, this assay has mainly been conducted by observing either the grades of the positiveness or the negativeness of the acid fast fuchsin stain, chrome alum hematoxylin and sudan III or IV stain which seem to be defective for discriminating ceroid from lipofuscin, since, for example, the acid fast fuchsin stain not only colors ceroid, but also feebly does lipofuscin, and chrome alum hematoxylin stain, provides only an unassertive assay where, while lipofuscin is positive with this stain, ceroid negative. In contrast, the 0.02% nile blue sulpihate staining method (pH 3.0), newly developed by the author and his associates on the principle of the Lillie' s method of 1956, is an assertive method whereby ceroid, when the time of dehydration as well as mounting is shortened in all within 2-3 minutes, is stained blue, lipofuscin being scarcely stained. Mast cell granules are stained deep blue, however, can be easily discriminated from ceroid in that they indicate red metachromasia with 0.05% toluidine blue. Then it has been found that the blue coloration ef ceroid by nile blue sulphate at a pH 3.0 is resistant to a 4-hour,60° C methylation. In considering the affinity of nile blue sulphate for both the pigments, the author made a serious view of the Lillie's report that a light green coloration of lipofuscin which is effective with a dilute nile blue sulphate solution (005-0.1%) at a lower pH limit (about3.5), but not so with many basic dyes other than nile blue sulphate, is quite resistant to acetone extraction and to some extent so to alcohol.
This difference between both the pigments may be elucidated according to the author's point of view that lipofuscin stains blue merely because of its fat dissolving property, but its blue coloration can not be resistant to dehydration by alcohol, while ceroid forms some kind of relatively insoluble dye complexes with nile blue sulphate, because the pigment is rich in carboxylic radicals resistant to a low pH (from 2.5 to 3.0) because of being originated from the protein possessing a low solubility. Moreover, the meaning of the highly low concentration of the dye in aqueous solution is discussed.

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In the present case, X-ray follow-up had proven the pulmonary metastasis to have persisted for more than 25 years.
The pathological examination revealed the presence of multiple metastatic lesions of papillary carcinoma of thyroid origin in the parabronchial lymphnodes, brain, liver, kidneys, and rib.
As to the th yroid gland, histological information could not be obtained on the left lobe which had been removed due to tumor 25 years prior to death, but histological examination of the right lobe with serial sections revealed multiple foci of minute adenomatous growths, tiny follicular adenomas, and six foci of occult carcinomas both papillary and follicular.
Reviewing the complex relationships among such various lesions as the distant metastatic lesions of the thyroid carcinoma, the occult carcinomas, the tiny adenomas, or the adenomatous foci found in the residual thyroid, and re-examing the pertinent literatures as well, the present authors concluded that, on the histological level, the thyroid tissue had here become a carcinogenetic “soil”, but they were unable to clarify the cause whereby the thyroid undergoes such a transformation.

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[in Japanese]

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