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Volume 35 (1983)
- Issue 4 Pages 575-
- Issue 3 Pages 385-
- Issue 2 Pages 199-
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Volume 35, Issue 2
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Masami Gamo1983 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 199-218
Published: June 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanges in molecular species of choline and ethanolamine glycerophospholipids of rat uteri during estrus cycle and pre- and post-administration of estradiol to oophorectomized rat were studied. The change in phospholipid composition was negligible, but the molecular species of these phospholipids greatly changed. Analyses of t-BDMS derivatives of diacyl and ether types of these glyceropholipids were carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using selected ion retrieval technique.
(1) The major m olecular species of choline glycerophospholipids (PC) were as follows: in diacyl type, PC32:0 (mainly C16:0/C16:0), PC34:0 (mainly C16:0/C18:0), PC34:1 (mainly C16:0/C18:1), PC34:2 (mainly C16:0 /C18:2), PC36:2(mainly C18:0/C18:2), PC36:3(mainlyC18:0/C18:2), PC36:4(mainly C16:0/C20:4) and PC38:4 (mainly C18:0/C20:4), whe reas in ether type, PC32:0 (mainly Et16:0/C16:0), PC34:0 (mainly Et16:0/C18:0), PC34:1 (mainly Et16:0/C18:1), PC34:2 (mainly Et16:0/C18:2), PC36:1(mainly Et18:0/C18:1), PC36:4(mainly Et16:0/C20:4) and PC38:4(mainly Et18:0/C20:4). Among these molecular species, in both diacyl and ether types, PC34:1, PC34:2 and PC36:2 increased but PC32:0PC36:4and PC38:4 decreased at proestrus phase and by the administration of estradiol.View full abstractDownload PDF (3631K) -
Osamu Sakai1983 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 219-241
Published: June 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBiosynthesis of cytochrome P-450s and proliferation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) were induced in rat hepatocytes by injecting intraperitoneally either phenobarbital (PB),3-methylcholanthrene (MC) or,β-naphtoflavone (NF) daily for five days. After injection, we have investigated the sequential changes in the amount of cytochrome P-450s and the ultrastructures of rat hepatocytes, and the following results were obtained.
1) By PB treatment, the specific activity of cytochrome P-450s increased rapidly about 3fold and three bands in the P-450 region of the electrophoretic gels with molecular weights of 48K,50K and 53K increased markedly. After PB treatment, P-450s decreased rapidly to th e control level in 5-8 days. In accordance with this biochemical change, markedly proliferated ER decreased rapidly, accompanied with simultaneous increase in the number of autophagosomes, suggesting an important role of autophagosomes in the degradative process of ER.
2) By MC treatment, the specific activity of P-450s increased about 2 fold and three bands with molecular weights of -50K,53K and 56K increased markedly. After MC treatment, however, elevated P-450s and proliferated ER did not decreased rapidly but remained at the elevated levels. These results are consistent with the ultrastructural observation that there is no decrease in the proliferated ER nor increase in the number of autophagosomes.
3) The induction of P-450s by NF treatment was similar to MC; -2 fold increase in the specific activity of P-450s components with molecular weights of 50K,53K and 56K. After NF treatment, however, the specific activity decreased rapidly to the control level and the electron microscopic investigation revealed decrease in the amounts of ER and increase in the number of autophagosomes.
4) These results suggest strongly that autophagocytosis is involved in the degradation of ER which was proliferated by the treatment with either PB or NF.View full abstractDownload PDF (16410K) -
Tetsuo Matsui1983 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 242-263
Published: June 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudies of lung injury following intermittent positive pressure ventilation were carried out on newborn and young rabbits with light and electron microscopy. This was done partially to confirm the permeability of the air-blood barrier by means of electron microscopic cytochemistry. The results obtained were following.
1) Pressure 5 cm H2O group showed swelling of endothelial cells and edematous changes between the endothelium and the basement membrane. Some part of endothelial cells were necrotic.
2) The findings of pressure 10 cm H2O group revealed partial regressive degeneration of the endothelium. A part of endothelial cells was stripped from the basement membrane. The interstitium was edematous and swollen.
3) In the pressure 20 cm H2O group, erythrocyte was seen into the interstitium, and degenerative substances were observed in the alveolar space. The alveolar lumen was filled with exudative fluid.
4) In th e newborn rabbits of pressure 20 cm H2O group, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) had readily passed into the interstitium through the endothelial junction. HRP was present in alveolar spaces through the epithelial intercellular cleft. It showed rupture of the air-blood barrier (zonula occludens).
5) In the initial stage of young rabbits' experiments, there was no sharp difference between “IPPV + room air” group and “IPPV + Oxygen” group. However, after 2 weeks, int erstitial edema and swelling of basement membrane were distinct in the “IPPV + Oxygen” group. These results showed that artificial ventilation with positive pressure damaged the endothelial cells, the air-blood barrier and caused lung injuries such as interstitial edema, accumlated exudative fluid in the alveolar spaces. These changes may cause chronic lung disease (inclusive of BPD) in neonates.View full abstractDownload PDF (10302K) -
Hajimu Hata, Fumihiko Uba, Yuruko Okamoto, Hiroshi Okubo1983 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 264-272
Published: June 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 37 year old male complaining of right hypochondralgia was hospitalized on August 17,1974. His previous doctor had suspected the presence of gallstones. He had lived in Kochi prefecture until he was 15 years of age. He then lived in Rio de Janeiro from 1952 to 1965. During this time he often walked barefoot. He has lived in Osaka since 1965. When examined on admission there was oppression and percussion tenderness in his r-hypochondral region. No other abnormalities were found.
Lab. data: WBC 7500 (Eosinophils: 12%)
Hb 16.7 g/dl
liver and renal functions: normal
Chest-X-P: n. p.
Upper GI-series: n. p.
Cholecystography: stone (-), contractivity: slightly hypokinetic
Examination of the duodenal fluid revealed Rhabditiform larvae only in his A-bile and leukocytosis in his B-bile. However, examinations of his stool samples by the direct smear method were always negative. The diagnosis was completed when Filaria-form larvae, a very distinctive form of strongyloides stercoralis, was found by the “test tube filter paper cultivation” method. The patient was treated with Pyrvinium pamoate (total dose: 3300 mg) for 5 days. During the treatment he complained of nausea and vomiting, but no abnormalities were found in the laboratory data. After this treatment, eosinophilia gradually decreased and the test tube filter paper cultivation resulted negative for 28 days. Although the patient seemed to be cured by this treatment, eosinophilia recurred 6 months thereafter and his stool culture again revealed Filariaform larvae.
Strongyloidiasis is prevalent mainly in the southernmost parts of Japan, especially the Amami Islands, and in other tropical and subtropical areas of the world. According to “Igaku-chuo-Zasshi”, a comprehensive Japanese medical publication, only 21 cases of strongyloidiasis were reported in Honshu Island between 1965 and 1974. Sixteen out of these patients were from the southernmost parts of Japan or had spent considerable time in tropical or subtropical areas.
The cause of infection, and the relationship between the strongyloidiasis and chole cystitis of this patient are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (2742K) -
Noriaki Sonoda1983 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 273-288
Published: June 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, researches on the mechanism of bronchial asthma have been focused on immunological aspects, including lymphocytic responses.
In this paper the lymphocytic re sponses and serum IgE level were studied on asthmatic children visited the out-patient clinic of Kansai Medical University Hospital, and they were compared with those of non-asthmatic children. The studies were carried out in several directions, such as in the patients of pre- and post- immunotherapy, in the patients with varied severities (mild, moderate, severe) of asthmatic attacks. Lymphocyte studies were also do ne on the lymphocytic responses to mitogens, and the following results were obtained.
1. There was no significant difference in the lymphocyte populations between controls and asthmatic children as well as between mild, moderate and severe groups.
2. There was no correlation between elevated IgE and immunotherapy using house dust extracts.
3. The tritiated thymidine uptake of lymphocytes stimulated with PHA and Con. A decreased in severe group, compared with mild or moderate group. However, pokeweed mit ogen did not show any significant influence on thymidine uptake of lymphocytes.
4. In vitro study of lymphocytic DNA synthesis, Epinephrine inhibited the DNA synthesis of lymphocytes obtained from the control children, but it showed a decreased inhibition in th e case of lymphocytes from the severe group.
5. The results of this present study support the conclusions that in asthmatic children nonspecific suppressor T-cells decrease only in its functional activity and β-adrenergic cyclic AMP system is damaged.View full abstractDownload PDF (2946K) -
Hiroe Naito, Haruka Takamura, Kyoko Takemura, Naoko Takeda, Masahisa S ...1983 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 289-294
Published: June 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSElectrophysiological studies were conducted in rabbits in order to examine the effect of contact lenses on the sympathetic nerve activity and the following observations were made.
1) The amplitude of the spontaneous spike discharges of the cervical sympathetic trunk increased with the wearing of contact lenses.
2) By use of an interval histogra m of ATAC-350 (Nihon Kohden) it was revealed that wearing of contact lenses led to a marked increase in the frequency of spike discharges of the cervical sympathetic trunk.
3) It was assumed that the facilitation of sympathetic nerve activity was due to activation of the somato-sympathetic reflex induced by pain stimulation following wearing of contact lenses.View full abstractDownload PDF (1150K) -
Part I. Studies in DogsArata Hiramatsu1983 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 295-313
Published: June 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanges in the blood flow rate in the gastric mucosa in relation to ulcer formation were investigated endosopically in dogs. Blood flow rates were determined qualitatively by a crossed thermocouple method devised by the authors and compared with qualitative results obtained by a hydrogen gas clearance method.
1. The mucosal blood flow rate at the antral region was 87.5 ± 9.3m1/min/100g tissue, which was higher than the value of 67.2 ± 7. lml/min/100g at the corpus in intact dogs.
2. The blood flow rate at the corpus increased 40 and 30%,10 and 15 min, respectively after the single injection of tetragastrin at 4 μg/kg body weight.
3. The blood flow rate increased 60%,1 min after the single injection of 10 μg/kg norepinephrin.
4. Twenty-five % decrease in the blood flow rate was observed 1 min after the injection of 10 pg/kg atropin but it recovered to the value before the injection within 10 min.
5. One day after the induction of aspirin ulcer, the gastric mucosal blood flow rate decreased 25% and recovered to the control value within 5 days when the erosion was als o cured. The induction of ulcer by acetic acid decreased the blood flow rate 30% at the ma r ginal area of the ulcer within 1 day. The ulcer was cured and the blood flow rate recove r ed also within 7 days.
6. The blood flow rate at the marginal area of the acetic acid ulcer increased 40% by the local application of anti-ulcer drugs, Cetraxate and Gefarnate, although the times of appearance and duration of the effect were different between two drugs.View full abstractDownload PDF (2991K) -
Part I. Studies in HumansArata Hiramatsu1983 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 314-321
Published: June 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe blood flow rates in gastric mucosa in healthy adults and patients with gastric ulcer were assayed. The determination was made endoscopically by a rapid and easy crossed thermocouple method devised by the authors and by a quantitative hydrogen gas clearance method, and the clinical application of the former was investigated.
1. A significant correlation was observed between the values obtained by crossed thermocouple and hydrogen gas clearance methods. Thus a crossed thermocouple method was evaluated as clinically useful, although it gave only relative values and absolute values of the blood flow rate could not be assayed.
2. The blood flow rate determined by a hydrogen gas clearance method at the lesser curvature of lower corpus in healthy controls was 45.7 ± 15.5 m l/min/100 g tissue, and wa s higher than 33.4 ± 12.9m1/min/100g at the anterior wall of antrum. The blood flow rates at both areas in 50 or more-year-old healthy controls were lower than the values in those l ess than 50 years old.
3. The blood flow rates at marginal areas of ulcers decreased at the active stage, recovered at the healing stage and slightly decreased at the scarring stage. These tendenc i es were observed similarly by both crossed thermocouple and hydrogen clearance methods.View full abstractDownload PDF (1352K) -
Soukichi Kawa, Keizo Harima, Satoshi Sawada, Yoshimasa Tanaka, Noboru ...1983 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 322-332
Published: June 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo cases of liposarcoma were reported in this paper and recent literatures concerning this tumor were also discussed. The first case was a retroperitoneal liposarcoma that was removed surgically and was treated postoperative 60Co-irradiation.9 years after surgery the patient was died because of the multiple recurrence to the whole body. The second case was an extreme rare renal capsular liposarcoma that was diagnosed by angiography, which showed characteristic vascular structure.
Two ca ses were predominantly well differentiated liposarcoma (WHO, group a) pathologically.View full abstractDownload PDF (4614K) -
Takao Hirooka1983 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 333-352
Published: June 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of dietary vitamin E on 7,12-dimethylbenz [α] an thracene-induced mammary carcinogenesis in rats and on the lipid peroxidation due to DMBA was investigated. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were given iv injections of 2 mg of 7,12-DMBA at both 56 and 62 days of age. Feeding of control diet (included 20 mg of vitamin E per kg) or diet included 235 mg of vitamin E per kg (YES-group) was initiated at 2 week before the first carcinogen injection and was terminated at 120 days postcarcinogen. Control rats had 97% incidence of mammary carcinoma, whereas there was 71% incidence of cancer in YES-groups (P>0.05). Similarly, the average number of cancers per rat was significantly reduced in YES-groups (7.2 versus 3.7; P<0.01), and latency of cancer appearance was prolonged in comparison to con trols. Serum lipoperoxide level were significantly decreased in YES-groups compared to controls (8.88versus 10.26; P<0.05). Serum vitamin E leveles were significantly elevated in YES-groups in comparison to controls (1.98 versus 0.96; P<0.001). In the groups, in which were switched from control diet to vitamin E supplemented diet and vice versa at the time of 84 days of age, there were a 96% and 89% incidence of mammary cancer and average number of cancer per rat were 6.5 and 4.9 respectively.
The effects of vitamin E on lipid peroxidation due to DMBA were studied. It was found that malonaldehyde (MDA), one of the most important products of lipid peroxidation, increased suddenly in the liver, mammary fat pad and serum with the treatment of DMBA. But, excess increase of MDA was significantly suppressed in the rats fed on vitamin E diet. Furthermore, temporal depression of serum vitamin E was induced by the administration of DMBA in both the control group and high vitamin E group, being significantly (P<0.02) marked in a high vitamin E group.
It was co ncluded that inhibitory effects of vitamin E on DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis might be caused by the inhibition of lipid peroxidation with vitamin E, and lipid peroxidation might play an important role in DMBA-induced mammary tumorigenesis in rats.View full abstractDownload PDF (3547K) -
Yukihiro Goto1983 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 353-383
Published: June 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the amount of muscle electrical activity and oxygen requirement as to the speed changes in walking and running, and also to determine electromyographically the optimum speed and the metabolic intersection speed of walking and running, that were reported by former investigators.
Twenty-two young trained male adults participated in the experiment. They were all athletes who belonged to university sports clubs.
EMG activity in the right leg w as measured through two surface electrodes placed 2.5cm apart on the belly of each muscle as shown below. The following muscles were monitored in all subjects.
Tibialis anterior (T.A.), Soleus (So.), Gastrocnemius (L.G.), Vastus medialis (V.M.), Rectus femoris (R.F.), Biceps femoris (B.F.), and Gluteus maximus (G.M.).
The subjects O.O. and U. E. had additional muscles monitored as described below:
Rectus abdominis (R.A.), Sacrospinalis (Sac.), Deltoid anterior portion (D.A.), Deltoid posterior portion (D.P.), Triceps brachii (T.B.), and Trapezius (Trape).
The EMG signal was amplified and recorded by a multipurpose electr oencephalograph (San-ei Type IA-14) (paper speed: 3cm/sec, sensitivity: 6 mm/O.5mV, time constant: 0.01 sec). Simultaneously it was integrated with a Miller's circuit (Nihonkouden Integrator RFG-5).View full abstractDownload PDF (6208K)
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