順天堂醫事雑誌
Online ISSN : 2188-2126
Print ISSN : 2187-9737
ISSN-L : 2187-9737
早期公開論文
早期公開論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
  • KENTARO AWATA, HIROMICHI SHOJI, YOSHITERU ARAI, IRENA SANTOSA, KAZUHID ...
    論文ID: JMJ23-0029-OA
    発行日: 2024年
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/03/18
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス 早期公開

    Objectives Infants with fetal growth restriction (FGR) are at a risk of developing metabolic syndromes in adulthood. We hypothesized that skeletal muscle degeneration by nutrition-restricted FGR results in abnormal insulin signaling and epigenetic changes.

    Material and Methods To develop a protein-restricted FGR model, rats were fed a low-protein diet (7% protein) during the gestational period; rats fed a normal diet (20% protein) were used as controls. At 8 and 12 weeks of age, the pups were subjected to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) to evaluate insulin resistance. At 12 weeks, the mRNA and protein levels of insulin signaling pathway molecules in the skeletal muscles were examined. DNA methylation of promoters was detected. DNA extracted from skeletal muscles was used as a template for methylation-specific PCR analysis of GLUT4.

    Results The body weight of FGR rats from birth to 8 weeks was significantly lower than that of the controls; no significant difference was observed between the groups at 12 weeks. In the OGTT and ITT, the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) was significantly higher in FGR rats than in the controls at 12 weeks. The mRNA and protein levels of Akt2 and GLUT4 in the plantar muscles were significantly lower in FGR rats than in the controls. GLUT4 methylation was comparable between the groups.

    Conclusions Protein-restricted FGR rats showed insulin resistance and altered insulin signaling in skeletal muscles after 12 weeks. However, we could not demonstrate the involvement of DNA methylation in this model.

  • JULIE HELMS, FERHAT MEZIANI, LAURENT MAUVIEUX, TOSHIAKI IBA
    論文ID: JMJ23-0044-P
    発行日: 2024年
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/03/18
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス 早期公開

    Neutrophils serve as the frontline defenders in the host's response to infections. However, the available methods for assessing the activated status of neutrophils are still limited. The immature cells that appear during sepsis are large with complex cytoplasmic components and rich nucleic acids, making them diagnosable by cell population data analysis using the automated cell counter. The changes are expressed as increased forward scattered light, side fluorescence light, and side fluorescence distribution width. Additionally, changes in side fluorescence light may indicate the neutrophil extracellular trap formation and can be useful for the diagnosis of sepsis-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation.

  • ECATERINA SCARLATESCU, TOSHIAKI IBA
    論文ID: JMJ24-0004-P
    発行日: 2024年
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/03/18
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス 早期公開

     Platelets are one of the major targets of SARS-CoV-2. Activated platelets release prothrombotic substances, express adhesion molecules, and activate coagulation, thereby contributing to the thrombotic tendency in COVID-19. However, the antiplatelet therapy is not recommended in the current international guidelines. We think that the initiation timing and the target severity are the causes of the failure in clinical trials. As shown in the clinical studies that examined the effects of anticoagulants, early initiation in moderate severity is necessary for the success of antithrombotic therapy. Future trials are warranted to study the effects of antiplatelets in such conditions.

  • NARIHIRO ORIMO, NARIMASA KATSUTA, WANYI MAO, ERIKO FUKUSHIMA, KAORI KA ...
    論文ID: JMJ23-0009-OA
    発行日: 2024年
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/02/10
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス 早期公開

    Objectives This study presents the multifaceted effects of candidate loci identified by genome-wide association studies on parameters such as educational background and the clinical symptoms of Japanese patients with schizophrenia along with detailed psychological measurements. This study aimed to investigate whether gene mutations that affect cognitive dysfunction are (1) related to the onset of schizophrenia and (2) also affect cognitive dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia.

    Design Case-control study.

    Methods This study evaluated 12 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs10189857, rs2175263, rs9398171, rs12670234, rs6466056, rs11156875, rs2018916, rs11663602, rs11885093, rs9404453, rs2473938, and rs4275659) that are common in Japanese individuals and demonstrated a relationship with schizophrenia and educational attainment in a previous genome-wide study. We included 640 Japanese patients (schizophrenia group) and 640 healthy participants (control group). Both groups were investigated for the relationship between the SNPs and educational attainment as well as psychometric evaluations of cognitive function.

    Results The 12 SNPs were not identified as genetic risk factors for schizophrenia. However, rs9404453 was associated with a decline in educational achievement, educational performance, Japanese Adult Reading Test (JART100) score, and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) (full-scale intelligence quotient [FSIQ]) score in patients with schizophrenia, SNP rs6466056 was associated with a decline in the WAIS-R (FSIQ) score, and SNP rs11663602 was associated with a decline in the JART100 score.

    Conclusion The SNPs rs9404453, rs6466056, and rs11663602 may be associated with academic performance or cognitive decline in patients with schizophrenia, although the overall findings from psychological tests did not show the expected consistency.

  • YUYA SAITO, SEINA YOSHIDA, RYO UEDA, ATSUSHI SENOO
    論文ID: JMJ23-0022-OA
    発行日: 2023年
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2023/11/29
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス 早期公開

    Objectives To elucidate physiological changes in the brain caused by rapid reading, we herein focused on brain areas related to language processing and reading comprehension and memory processes and evaluated changes in neural activities associated with reading speed and comprehension using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

    Materials This study included 23 nonrapid and 23 rapid readers matched for age, gender, and handedness. T1 weighted image and fMRI were acquired using 3T MRI.

    Methods The neural activity was compared between nonrapid and rapid readers using fMRI. The correlation between neural activity and reading speed and comprehension was also determined.

    Results The neural activities of rapid readers were significantly lower in Wernicke’s and Broca’s areas, left angular and supramarginal gyri, and hippocampus. Furthermore, reading speed was negatively correlated with neural activities in these areas. Conversely, reading comprehension was negatively correlated with the neural activities in the left angular gyrus.

    Conclusions Rapid readers exhibited reduced language processing, including phonological transformation, analysis, inner speech, semantic and syntactic processes, and constant reading comprehension during rapid reading.

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