MACRO REVIEW
Online ISSN : 1884-2496
Print ISSN : 0915-0560
ISSN-L : 0915-0560
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Volume 23, Issue 2
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Preface
Critiques
  • Sustainable Economic Growth in the World Saturated with Population:
    Innovation Cycles to Internalize External Costs Caused by Innovation
    Shinya KAKUTA
    2011 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 2_3-2_13
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11286/jmr.23.2_3
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    External costs consist in problems of environment, health, poverty, and security. Reduction of the global unemployment ratio necessitates building innovation cycles of global external-cost internalization to evolve division of labor. In the case that there is a certain degree of demand for goods or services produced by niche industries to internalize external costs in rather sparse-populated regions than megalopolises, compensation for insufficiency of population density necessitates innovation to reduce transport costs drastically within each region, assuming another innovation to manage such large-scale waste-heat caused by transport increase as heat-island phenomena. External-cost internalization necessitates global regulations against "actio de in rem verso," so that insufficiently responsible people may not cause external costs.
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  • The 100% Conversion of Photosynthetic-Photon-Flux to Photo Autotrophic Bio
    Masaaki IWABUCHI
    2011 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 2_15-2_23
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11286/jmr.23.2_15
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Germany, USA, and Japan have been over 120 years challenging national projects of food production in vain. Approaches have not been photo-autotrophic but agrochemical or fermenting or genetic engineering. Photo-hetero bio utilizing chemical energy from oxidization of glucose or acetic acids instead of solar energy is nothing but internal-combustion emitting large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2). On the other hand, Photo-autotrophic bio utilizing only lights as energy can be categorized into 2 types: (1) the slow-growth type as of trees and glasses and (2) the 24-hour-continual photosynthetic conversion type which is hundreds to dozen thousands times more efficient per unit area enlighten. The latter can be adapted in the ocean to preserve forests or agricultural land. Ultra-optical bio-conversion system produces, at most, 35g/l/day/24h in deep seawater with Perfectly-autotrophic-type MiamiBG7/(HCC1045)
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Research Paper
  • Characteristic Approach for the Optimal Cereal Self-sufficiency
    Hajime MOTEGI
    2011 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 2_25-2_32
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11286/jmr.23.2_25
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Some people insist that we should improve the rate of cereal self-sufficiency, but they are not clarifying persuaded levels about the rate of cereal self-sufficiency. Originally, the optimal cereal self-sufficiency that should be targeted is the one to be decided in consideration of various factors like the climate, the geography, and the economical situation, and so on.
    In this paper, I examined to estimate a standard cereal self-sufficiency using a characteristic approach, based on some variables that seemed to determine an optimal rate of cereal self-sufficiency. As a result, the best rate of the self-sufficiency of our country was observed from 30 to about 40%.
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  • Turkey-Syria Relation and Water Issue
    Harumi ARAI
    2011 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 2_33-2_39
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11286/jmr.23.2_33
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    It has been said that we face the crisis of water and the war over water occurs between Turkey and Syria. Turkey made linkage water issue and other foreign affairs, had been made delayed to solve water issue. However these two countries improve their relation, at the same time constructed ETIC, the multinational framework on the water issue. Through this framework it is said solution of the issue is expected.
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  • A Reformation of the Agricultural System of Japan with Reference to International Case Studies
    Yuuko AKIYOSHI
    2011 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 2_41-2_48
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11286/jmr.23.2_41
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Agricultural land is, of course, a critical element in food production, which is the essential energy supplier for the sustenance of human life. Consequently, a decrease in arable land, coupled with an increase in the abandonment of farming as an occupation in Japan, will have a decidedly negative impact on the future outlook for food production. The current framework of the agricultural land use system in Japan and correlated problems is covered in this study. Reference is made to the case of the Chinese system of farmland use, which is based on a completely different system than the Japanese one and is heavily influenced by geopolitics. Selected cases of the European and American agricultural land use systems are also referenced and recommended as being the models for contemporary Japan. Finally, necessary changes in the Japanese agricultural land use system are proposed, with said proposals being the primary purpose of this paper.
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  • Reshaped Agricultural Policy of Saudi Arabia
    Toru TACHIBANA
    2011 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 2_49-2_62
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11286/jmr.23.2_49
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    Saudi Arabia, faced with its detrimental effect on her oil wealth and fragile water resources, decided in 2008 to abandon the self-sufficiency in wheat production. Investing in land abroad for food has begun since then. Yet both policies, whether producing wheat domestically or abroad, fall in the category of food self-sufficiency.
    More broadly defined policy goal of food security, a mix of production, import and stock, should be pursued.
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  • Agricultural Economic Policy in Japan: Supply and Demand Approaches of the Food Self-Sufficiency Rate
    Masao TSURI
    2011 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 2_63-2_81
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11286/jmr.23.2_63
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The self-sufficiency rate is recognized as a policy target in Japan. Since this rate has been gotten from several conditions of demand and supply sides of foods, simply targeting it should involve enormous number of alternative policies. This paper analyzes the demand and supply sides of Japanese agriculture concerning the recent agricultural economic policy in Japan, especially for the program of individual income compensation. This program has the effect to conserve rice production, thus there should not be large effects on the rise of the self-sufficiency rate. We also found that the rice consumption has been replaced by the consumption of beefs and others, economic policy should aim to convert rice production to something related to them.
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Erratum
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