気象集誌. 第2輯
Online ISSN : 2186-9057
Print ISSN : 0026-1165
ISSN-L : 0026-1165
28 巻, 11 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1~6を表示しています
  • 降水機構の研究III
    荻原 〓二
    1950 年 28 巻 11 号 p. 391-397
    発行日: 1950年
    公開日: 2009/02/05
    ジャーナル フリー
    So far the solid nucleus which is insoluble in water has been treated in the same way as the water drop of the same size in condensation processes, and it has been considered that such nucleus cannot act as condensation nucleus in the atmosphere, because the maximum water vapour pressure on it is higher than that on the hygroscopic nucleus. However, when such nucleus is wetted fairly well by water the adhesive force of water to the solid nucleus is larger than the cohesive force of water, hence the maximum water vapour pressure on the solid nucleus is lower than that on the water drop of the same size. Therefore, it is clear that such nucleus can act as condensation nucleus more effectively than the water drop of the same size.
    The author investigated thermodynamically the stability of the thin water film formed on such a solid nucleus and obtained a formula which expresses the saturated water vapour pressure on the film, namely where k: Boltzmann's constant, P_??_, h, maximum water vapour pressure in equilibrium with the water film with thickness h formed on the spherical solid nucleus with radius R, P: maximum water vapour pressure on the plane water at the absolute temperature T, σ: surface tension of water, υB: molecular volume of water, ε: ratio between the adhesive force of water to the solid nucleus and the cohesive force of water, U: evaporation energy of water of large mass referred to one molecule, δ11: distance between two neighbouring water molecules.
    From the above result it was found that the solid nucleus which is wetted well by water and is larger than 10-5cm can act as condensation nucleus in the atmosphere.
  • 小林 惇
    1950 年 28 巻 11 号 p. 398-404
    発行日: 1950年
    公開日: 2009/02/05
    ジャーナル フリー
    この實驗報告は靜岡縣伊東市に在る抜山大三氏の特別實驗室において得たものである.即ち同實驗室にある特殊噴霧装置により水量10c.c./secの割合で海水の粒子を作つてこれを風速V=1.3m/secの風洞内に導入し然る後風洞内の3個所に落下する液粒の大きさを低倍率の顯微鏡で測定してその蒸發の程度をしらべたものである.
    その結果は噴霧孔からの距離が夫々92cm, 159cm, 206cmにおいて外見の蒸發量は夫々77.5% 82.6%, 90.3%を求め得た.更に送風機外に遁れ出る粒子については99.8%ないし99.7%となる結果を得た.
  • 嶺 永治
    1950 年 28 巻 11 号 p. 404-407
    発行日: 1950年
    公開日: 2009/02/05
    ジャーナル フリー
    We observed the annular eclipse of May 9th, 1948 at Rebun Island, Hokkaido. By equipping the direct solarimeter with a photo-tube at its base and with a filter having a maximum intensity at 5000Å at the entrance of the cylinder of this instrument, we observed the solar radiation by a pointing galvanometer and obtained a satisfactory and splendid eclipse curve. Before the commencement of the eclipse we obtained the coefficient of transmission p=0.8 by observation.
    By the eclipse curve we studied the effect of the limb darkening. The results were as follows:
    From radius r=0 to 0.95 on the sun's disk (the radius of the sun's disk being taken as 1) the radiative equilibrium is predominant, i.e., I(r)=I0(1-U+U√1-r2) and U=1/5, where I0 is the intensity at the sun's certre. While from r=0.95 to r=1.0 the convective equilibrium is prevalent, i.e I(r)=I0(1-r2)2(C-1)/C C=5/3.
  • 石川 業六
    1950 年 28 巻 11 号 p. 407-418
    発行日: 1950年
    公開日: 2009/02/05
    ジャーナル フリー
    The aim of this paper is to investigate the mechanical properties of the astatic-magnet variometer, which is being used recently for the particular observation of minute variation of geomagnetic field. The characteristic feature of this apparatus is noted comparing with the single-magnet variometer. The sensitivity of the astatic-magnet variometer is defined both in the statical and dynamical cases, and the most convenient method for measuring sensitivity is discussed. Finally, the experimental results made at Kakioka Magnetic Observatory are shown in connection with the above discussion.
  • 高橋 浩一郎
    1950 年 28 巻 11 号 p. 418-420
    発行日: 1950年
    公開日: 2009/02/05
    ジャーナル フリー
    偏西風帶中の波については從來多くの理論があるが,波の速さc,長さλ,偏西風の風速Uの間の關係を導いた.この波は分散性をもつており,ある波長の時にその速度は極大となる.この時波の速度は群速度とも一致し,割合よくあらわれることが期待される.實際あり得る値を入れてこの波長を求めて見ると3,600kmとなり.低氣壓間の平均の距離とほぼ一致する.
  • 井上 榮一
    1950 年 28 巻 11 号 p. 420-424
    発行日: 1950年
    公開日: 2009/02/05
    ジャーナル フリー
    The well known fact, that the coefficient of turbulent diffusion of the atmosphere is proportional to the 4/3 power of the scale of phenomena, was explained successfully by Weizsäcker by means of the modern turbulence theory.
    The author expected that this law is also applicable to the oceanic turbulent field, and ascertained it by the accumulation of many observed results. As an emp_??_ical formla, the relation K=0.01L4/3cm2•sec-1 was obtained.
    The difference between the coefficient of turbulent heat diffusion and that of turbulent momentum diffusion was explained by the concept of turbulent Prandtl number. And as the similarity law of the model tests concerning the oceanic phenomena, the concept of turbulent Reynolds number was introduced.
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