In this report we present a method improving GMR characteristics by replacing the ferromagnetic materials of the metal-based spin-valves in current-perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) geometry.
AΔ
R (the product of the element area,
A, and the change in resistance, Δ
R) was investigated for three kinds of ferromagnetic materials: Co
90Fe
10 (material A), Fe
50Co
50 (material B), and Fe
50Co
50 with 0.13 nm Cu layers (material C).
AΔ
R is 1.0 mΩμ
2, 1.6 mΩμm
2, and 2.9 mΩμm
2 for materials A, B, and C, respectively. A dual-type spin valve using material C exhibited an
AΔ
R value of 5.2 mΩμm
2. Simple analysis using the Valet-Fert model leads to two results. The first is that both the spin-dependent interface and bulk resistance are enhanced when material A is replaced by material B. The second is that the spin-dependent bulk resistance is increased when material B is replaced by material C. These results suggest the possibility of increasing
AΔ
R without increasing the element resistance
AR of spin valves in CPP geometry.
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