巻号一覧
41 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の11件中1～11を表示しています
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Jin-Ye WANG, Toshiyuki SHIBATA, Tatsuo UEKI, Teruo MIYAZAWA1995 年 41 巻 3 号 p. 273-280
発行日: 1995年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーTo compare the peroxidative susceptibilities of phosphati-dylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in liposomes, multi-lamellar vesicles (MLVs) were prepared with equimolar L-α-dilinoleoyl PC (DLPC) and L-α-dilinoleoyl PE (DLPE), and with soya PC and soya PE having a uniform constituent fatty acids. The hydroperoxide forma-tion at 37°C in the presence of a water-soluble radical initiator was examined by chemiluminescence-high-performance liquid chromatogra-phy (CL-HPLC), and the effect of heterogeneous distribution of PC and PE on peroxidation was investigated. No difference was found between the hydroperoxidation of PC and PE in MLVs systems, except that soya PC was more susceptible to peroxidation than soya PE in the L-α-dipal-mitoyl PC (DPPC)-based liposomes. No correlation was found between the amount of phospholipids distributed in the external leaflet of MLVs and hydroperoxide formation. This result suggested that the unsaturation of constituent fatty acids in phospholipids is more important than the difference in the polar head group of phospholipids regarding their peroxidizabilities in liposomes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (937K) -
Atsutane OHTA, Masako OHTSUKI, Seigo BABA, Toshio TAKIZAWA, Takashi AD ...1995 年 41 巻 3 号 p. 281-291
発行日: 1995年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーWe investigated the effects of fructooligosaccharides (FO)-feeding on the absorption of iron (Fe), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) and on the biochemical parameters in Fe-deficient anemic rats. Fe-deficient anemic rats were made by feeding an Fe-deficient diet for 3 weeks. Then these Fe-deficient rats were fed an experimental diet that contained one of two levels of Fe (15 or 30 mg/kg diet), in the form of ferric pyrophosphate, and one of two levels of FO (0 or 50 g/kg diet) for 2 weeks. After the rats were fed these experimental diets, FO-feeding increased the hematocrit ratio, the concentration of hemoglobin and the hemoglobin regeneration efficiency during the first week. Also, the apparent absorption of Fe was increased by FO-feeding. The levels of Fe in the diet did not affect the absorption of Ca and Mg. However, FO-feeding increased the absorption of Ca and Mg. FO-feeding lowered the pH and raised the solubility of Fe, Ca and Mg in the cecal contents, suggesting that those increasing effects of FO-feeding on absorption of these minerals is correlated with fermentation of FO in the large intestine, namely, the cecum and colon. We concluded that FO-feeding improved recovery from anemia and increased the absorption of Fe, Ca and Mg in Fe-deficient anemic rats.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1177K) -
Masao SATOH, Koji NAGAO, Tadao HAYAMI, Michihiro SUGANO, Katsumi IMAIZ ...1995 年 41 巻 3 号 p. 293-306
発行日: 1995年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーNutrients regulating intestinal apo A-IV synthesis and se-cretion in developing rats have not been clearly defined. We examined the effect of ingestion of fats, carbohydrates and proteins on the abundance of intestinal apo A-IV mRNA and the serum concentration of apo A-IV in 14-day-old suckling rat pups fasted overnight. In pups ingesting long-chain fatty acid-fat (soybean oil, trioleino LCT), there was a prompt elevation of the mRNA at 1.5 h after ingestion, although a graded dose of soybean oil did not result in a comparable elevation of the apo A-IV mRNA. In pups on MCT, but not trilaurin, there was a repression of the LCT-dependent elevation of the message. In pups on Intralipid (com-posed of soybean oil, lecithin and glycerol), mRNA was elevated at 6 h after ingestion. Administration of Intralipid with lactose, glucose, fruc-tose and sucrose induced a rapid elevation of mRNA together with elevation of serum apo A-IV, although administration of casein, whey proteins and soybean proteins resulted in repression of the Intralipid-dependent mRNA elevation. The message correlated weakly to the serum apo A-IV and triacylglycerols and with no correlation to intestinal fat accumulation. These results suggest that metabolic events following the ingestion of milk components modulate intestinal apo A-IV expression in developing rats, possibly through mucosal fatty acid utilization.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2089K) -
Tatsuo WATANABE, Yuko SUZUKI, Yuko SAGESAKA, Masahiro KOHASHI1995 年 41 巻 3 号 p. 307-312
発行日: 1995年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーThe conditions of immobilization of lipase on the polyethylene powder were examined and the immobilized lipase was used for effective production of α-linolenic acid from perilla oil hydrolysis. Using the polyethylene powder containing micropores in its structure enabled immobilization of lipases. Ethanol pretreatment increased the immobilization efficiency. The efficiency of immobilization of six different lipases was 67-91%. On hydrolysis of perilla oil, the activity of the immobilized lipase was nearly the same as that of free lipase. Among the enzymes used, the Candida rugosa lipase hydrolyzed perilla oil most effectively. When the immobilized C. rugosa lipase was used 10 times for perilla oil hydrolysis by the batch reaction method (1 batch, 24-h reaction at 37°C), there was little decrease in its activity. These results suggest that polyethylene-immobilized lipase can be used for the effective hydrolysis of perilla oil to produce α-linolenic acid.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (581K) -
Misako OKITA, Shigeko YOSHIDA, Junko YAMAMOTO, Kazuhiko SUZUKI, Takao ...1995 年 41 巻 3 号 p. 313-323
発行日: 1995年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーDietary fatty acids and serum lipids were evaluated in 68 middle-aged women living in the northern, rural area of Okayama Prefec-ture, and were compared with the values obtained from 65 urban women from the southern part of this prefecture. A higher level in HDL cholesterol and a lower atherogenic index were observed in the rural women. The percent of energy intake as fat was lower (20.4±0.8% vs. 23.2±0.7%) and that of carbohydrate was greater in the rural group. Eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 0.41±0.04 g/day) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 0.70±0.08 g/day) intakes were significantly higher in the rural subjects than in the urban group. Significantly higher DHA levels and n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratios in serum total phospholipids were found in rural women in their fifties and the sixties compared to urban women. Dietary linoleic acid (LA) amounts were positively correlated with LA (p<0.05), and negatively with the EPA (p<0.05) and DHA (p<0.01) contents of serum total phospholipids. These results suggest that the traditional Japanese diet, containing little fat but enriched in complex carbohydrates and n-3 fatty acids of marine origin, may be related to the low atherogenic index in this rural area.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1299K) -
Arinobu YAMAUCHI, Fujiko SHIZUKA, Takashi YAMAMOTO, Takeshi NIKAWA, Ya ...1995 年 41 巻 3 号 p. 325-340
発行日: 1995年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーTo reveal the role of serotonergic neurons in the regulation of feeding, the levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), a metabo-lite of serotonin, in the striatum and the hypothalamus were continuously monitored by an in vivo microdialysis technique. Intake of 20% casein diet did not induce significant changes in the 5-HIAA level in these regions. When rats were fed on 5% casein diet (83.5% carbohydrate diet) for 2h, the level of 5-HIAA in the striatum gradually increased and reached a maximum (226±44% of basal level, M±5EM, n=7) at 4 h after stopping the diet. In the medial hypothalamus, its level also increased to 183±19% (n=10) at 2h after starting the diet. On the other hand, a 60% casein diet increased the level of 5-HIAA in the lateral hypothalamus to 138±19% (n=10) at 2h after starting the diet. The intravenous infusion of each of these nutrients, glucose, amino acid mixture or lipid, produced more rapid elevation of the 5-HIAA level than oral intake of the diets. When rats were infused with glucose, its level in the striatum continued to be elevated. In the medial hypothalamus, glucose infusion increased 5-HIAA to the maximum (189±38%, n=7) at 4h after starting infusion. In contrast, serotonergic neurons in the lateral hypothalamus seemed to respond only to infusion of the amino acid mixture, and the level of 5-HIAA reached 163±14% (n=5) of the basal level at 1 h after starting the infusion. These results suggest that rapid elevation of glucose or amino acids may independently stimulate serotonin metabolism in these brain areas, participating in the feedback regulation of nutrient intake.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2088K) -
Yee LOO, Mariko SHIN, Yuka YAMASHITA, Mayumi ISHIGAMI, Mie SASAKI, Kei ...1995 年 41 巻 3 号 p. 341-347
発行日: 1995年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーFeeding rats with a diet containing 0.25% clofibrate for 2 weeks elevated the hepatic NAD+ and total nicotinate levels significantly. Other peroxisome proliferators, such as 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, had similar effects. When rats were fed the control diet without clofibrate for 1 week after 2 weeks of the clofibrate diet, the hepatic NAD+ level returned to the control value. Muscular NAD+ content was not affected by the peroxisome pro-liferators. The results were discussed in relation to induction of peroxi-somal β-oxidation enzymes by the peroxisome proliferators.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (806K) -
Selenium Levels and Glutathione Peroxidase Activities in Blood in an Andean High-Altitude PopulationHideki IMAI, Hiroshi KASHIWAZAKI, Tsuguyoshi SUZUKI, Michinori KAEUTO, ...1995 年 41 巻 3 号 p. 349-361
発行日: 1995年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーSelenium (Se) levels in blood (whole blood, erythrocytes and serum) and blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity were investigated in people living at high altitude in Bolivia (4, 000m above sea level). These parameters were compared to those of people living at low altitude (300m above sea level). The Se levels in whole blood of the high-altitude subjects did not differ significantly from those of the low-altitude subjects. However, the Se levels in erythrocytes were significantly lower in the high-altitude subjects than in the low-altitude subjects, whereas serum Se levels were higher in the high-altitude subjects than in the low-altitude subjects. GSH-Px activity (Unit/g Hb) was significantly lower in the high-altitude subjects than in the low-altitude subjects. The mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC), an indicator of the age of erythrocytes, in the high-altitude subjects was significantly higher than in the low-altitude subjects. These results show that the GSH-Px activity in the blood of the high-altitude subjects is relatively low. This may be due to their aged erythrocytes and/or to relatively low Se intake in the high-altitude population compared with low-altitude population.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1532K) -
Tatsuzo OKA, Naomi KOMORI, Masashi KUWAHATA, Yuzo HIROI, Taeko SHIMOHA ...1995 年 41 巻 3 号 p. 363-375
発行日: 1995年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーThe level of mRNA for cytosolic aspartate aminotransfer-ase (cAST) in the liver of vitamin B6-deficient rats was found to be 7-fold higher than that of the control rats. The administration of hydrocortisone to adrenalectomized vitamin B6-deficient rats induced expression of hepat-ic cAST mRNA and the induction was suppressed by the simultaneous administration of pyridoxine. Since the 5' regulatory region of the rat cAST gene contains several sequences showing homology to glucocorti-coid-responsive elements, we synthesized an oligonucleotide probe of glucocorticoid-responsive element sequence and assayed the binding activ-ity of liver nuclear extract to the oligonucleotide by gel mobility shift analysis. We found that the binding activity of nuclear extract prepared from the liver of vitamin B6-deficient rats was far greater than that of the control rats, indicating that the DNA-binding activity of glucocorticoid receptor was enhanced by vitamin B6 deficiency. We further found that preincubation of the nuclear extract from the vitamin-deficient liver with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate brought about a rapid and extensive decrease in the binding of the extract to the glucocorticoid-responsive element. Con-geners of pyridoxal phosphate, such as pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate, pyri-doxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine, did not show an inhibitory effect. These observations suggest that pyridoxal 5'-phosphate modulates cAST gene expression by inactivating the binding activity of glucocorticoid receptor to glucocorticoid-responsive elements.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3103K) -
Tatsuhiro MATSUO, Hiroshi SUMIDA, Masashige SUZUKI1995 年 41 巻 3 号 p. 377-386
発行日: 1995年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーWe have previously reported that the feeding of a beef tallow diet gives lower lipoprotein lipase activities in the interscapuler brown adipose tissue, heart and soleus muscle compared with feeding of a safflower oil diet. We have also suggested that sympathetic activities (norepinephrine turnover rates and β-adrenergic receptor bindings) in these peripheral tissues were lower in the beef tallow diet group. To confirm the effects of dietary fats on the lipoprotein lipase activities in these tissues related to sympathetic activities, rats were chemically sym-pathectomized by treatment with 6-hydroxydopamine. The sym-pathectomized rats and control rats were meal-fed with a beef tallow diet or a safflower oil diet for 8 weeks. Sympathectomy abolished the differ-ences in lipoprotein lipase activities in the interscapuler brown adipose tissue, heart and soleus muscle between two dietary groups. The percent-age of body fat was increased by sympathectomy, resulting in no differ-ence between the beef tallow diet group and the safflower oil diet group. These results suggest that intake of the beef tallow diet decreased lipopro-tein lipase activities by reducing the sympathetic activities.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1321K) -
Yuka FUKUI, Mayumi MORITA, Kazuko OSAKADA, Toru NAKAYAMA, Masakazu MAT ...1995 年 41 巻 3 号 p. 387-393
発行日: 1995年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーTo understand the mechanism of the phototoxic effects of inperatorin, a psoralen derivative used as a pigmentation agent, we have investigated the photosensitized oxidation of arachidonic acid (ARA) by irradiation with visible light (>400nm) in the presence of inperatorin. HPLC and GC/MS analyses of the products showed the formation of many hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HPETEs) including the prod-ucts of lipoxygenase-catalyzed reactions such as 5- and 15-HPETEs, which are the precursors of chemical mediators such as leukotrienes and lipoxins, during the reaction. Active oxygen scavenging agents such as D-mannitol, superoxide dismutase, and β-carotene inhibited the formation of the oxidation products, indicating that the oxidation reaction was mediated by various active oxygen species. These results suggest that the phototoxic effects of inperatorin could also be induced by visible light and could be explained at least partially in terms of inflammation initiated by the biologically active HPETEs arising from photosensitized oxygenation reactions of ARA with the drug.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (816K)
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