巻号一覧
46 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1～9を表示しています
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Yoshinori OKADA, Mizue OKADA2000 年 46 巻 1 号 p. 1-6
発行日: 2000年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーWe isolated a free-radical scavenger “water soluble protein (WSP)” from broad beans. Hydrocortisone (HC) is known to inhibit superoxide generation and was used as the reference scavenger. WSP was examined for its effect on antioxidation in young (PDL 20, 25% of the maximum life span) and old (PDL 50, 62.5% of the maximum life span) human fibroblasts (TIG-1). Cells were treated with WSPor HC for 4 and 6 wk in young cells, and for 3 and 6 wk in old cells. The cytosolic superoxide dismutase activity in the cells treated with WSP or HC tended to decrease as compared with that in the non-treated cells (control) with the exception of WSP-treated young cells 4 wk after culturing. Young cells were equal in glutathione peroxidase activity to the control, but the activity level in WSP-or HC-treated young cells 6 wk after culturing was 10-50% lower than that in the control. Young and old cells treated with WSP or HC were superior to the control in catalase activity with the exception of HC-treated old cells. WSP-or HC-treated cells were higher in glutathione (GSH) concentration than the control with the exception of WSP-treated young cells 4 wk after culturing and HC-treated old cells 6 wk after culturing. Such increases in catalase activity and GSH concentration by WSP treatment may be related to the delay of cellular aging-dependent degeneration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1643K) -
Kazuko HIRAO, Kiharu IGARASHI, Hajime FUKUDA, Yasuo ENDO2000 年 46 巻 1 号 p. 7-14
発行日: 2000年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーEffects of raw and gelatinized sago and tapioca starches on serum and liver lipid concentrations were compared in rats fed a cholesterol-enriched diet. Total serum cho-lesterol and the atherogenic index in the rats fed raw sago starch showed a statistically sig-nificant decrease and tendency to decrease, respectively, when compared with those of rats fed raw tapioca starch. Both the serum total cholesterol and atherogenic index in the rats fed gelatinized sago starch showed a tendency to decrease when compared with those of rats fed gelatinized tapioca starch. Serum triacylglycerol concentrations in the rats fed raw sago starch were significantly lower than those in the rats fed raw tapioca starch. The apparent digestibility of raw sago starch was lower than that of tapioca starch. The oval shapes of undigested raw sago starch granules collected from feces remained almost unchanged in shape, but had some holes and scrapes on their surfaces. The shape surfaces of undigested raw tapioca starch collapsed, thereby not retaining their original granule shapes. On the other hand, the amylose contents in the raw and gelatinized sago starches were higher than those in the raw and gelatinized tapioca starches. These results suggested that a decrease or a tendency to decrease in serum total cholesterol levels and atherogenic indexes in raw or gelatinized sago starch-fed rats compared to those of raw or gelatinized tapioca starch-fed rats, and a decrease in serum triacylglycerol concentrations in raw sago starch-fed rats compared to those of raw tapioca starch-fed rats, were due to the lower digestibility and higher amylose content of sago starch.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2960K) -
Satoshi SASAKI, Toyomi ISHIKAWA, Ryoko YANAGIBORI, Keiko AMANO2000 年 46 巻 1 号 p. 15-22
発行日: 2000年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーWe examined how dietary habits (i.e., intake of nutrients and food groups) were changed by intervention and how once adopted diets were maintained thereafter using the data of a 12-wk worksite dietary intervention trial for men at high risk of coro-nary heart disease (i.e., hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia, and/or overweight). Dietary habits were assessed pre- and post-intervention and 1 y follow-up points using a self-admin-istered diet history questionnaire. The intervention method was a brief individual counsel-ing based on the results of a pre-intervention assessment and a weekly distribution of newsletters. At the pre- and post-intervention points, a control group selected from the workers was used for comparison. The Keys score, and the changes in intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid, total fat, and cholesterol (the decrease), as well as dietary fiber, potassium, calcium, and iron (the increase) were significantly different between the intervention (n=63) and control (n=123) groups (p<0.05). The changes were almost maintained with little recidivism at the 1y follow-up point in the intervention group (i.e., for the decrease in SFA and Keys score, p<0.001). The decrease in serum cholesterol level expected from the change in Keys score and body weight, taking possible regression to the mean into consideration, was almost identical to and slightly greater than (18%) those observed at the post-intervention and 1y follow-up points, respectively. The results suggest that the favorable changes in dietary habits adopted during an intervention period were al-most maintained for the subsequent 1y period.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1907K) -
Naoyuki AZUMA, Keiko MACHIDA, Tohru SAEKI, Ryuhei KANAMOTO, Kimikazu I ...2000 年 46 巻 1 号 p. 23-29
発行日: 2000年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーThe insoluble 'high-molecular-weight' fraction (HMF) centrifugally separable after digestion of soy protein isolate with a microbial protease of the exo-type, of which about a quarter is regarded as an indigestible 'resistant protein, ' was examined for its pre-ventive effect against colonic tumorigenesis in a model system with male F-344 rats. The rats were intraperitoneally injected with azoxymethane (15 mg/kg BW) once a week for 3 wk and were fed a 206% .HMF diet (+0.4% DL-Met) or 14.7% casein diet (+03%, DL-Met) supplemented with 0.2% sodium deoxycholate (DCA) or without supplementation. Twelve wk later, 5 rats of each group were inspected for formation of tumors but no tumors were visible to the naked eye. The DCA-fed casein group was conspicuous for a low count of aber-rant crypt foci. At 39 wk, 6 rats of the DCA-fed casein group (n=10) and 3 rats of the DCA-fed HMF group (n=9) had a total of 18 tumors with a major axis of 4.0±0.4mm and 3 tu-mors with an axis of 2.0±0.1 mm, respectively, in contrast to only a single tumor for the DCA-unfed casein group (nil for the DCA-unfed HMF group). The difference in tumor num-ber and size was considered significant between these DCA-fed casein and HMF groups; that is to say, HMF feeding retarded tumor development despite the frequent occurrence of pre-neoplastic lesions. In addition, fecal bile acid excretion was much more elevated by HMF feeding than by casein feeding. It can be assumed from these observations that the antitu-morigenicity of HMF is due to the inhibitory effect of soybean resistant proteins on reabsorp-tion as well as the mucosal contact of bile acids in the intestine.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1636K) -
Masako MATSUO2000 年 46 巻 1 号 p. 30-33
発行日: 2000年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーTo popularize defatted soy ontjom (DSB-ontjom, soy product fermented with Neurospora intermedia) as a new food, I examined the plasma cholesterol-reducing effects of DSB-ontjom and DSB in rats fed cholesterol-free diets and compared the efficiencies of these effects. DSB-ontjom greatly reduced the plasma cholesterol level and increased fecal steroid excretion as compared to DSB. DSB-ontjom was rich in pepsin-resistant protein having a high bile acid binding capacity and was abundant in isoflavone-aglycones, especially daizein. The dietary fiber (DF) of DSB-ontjom stimulated the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by intestinal microflora. The effect of DSB-ontjom on plasma cholesterol reduction was attributed to the collaborative effects of pepsin-resistant-protein, isoflavone-aglycones and SCFA-producing DF in DSB-ontjom.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (928K) -
Maya KAMAO, Naoko TSUGAWA, Kimie NAKAGAWA, Yuko KAWAMOTO, Kensuke FUKU ...2000 年 46 巻 1 号 p. 34-41
発行日: 2000年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of dietary phytate-free soybean protein (PFS) on intestinal mineral absorption and retention was examined in growing male rats using a three-day mineral balance technique. The rats were fed diets containing PFS, soybean protein isolate (SPI) or casein at a 20% level for 5 wk. Total calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) contents in diets were adjusted to 0.3 5, 005, 0. 7, 0, 0035 and 0, 003%, respectively, by supplementation of the diet with their salts. Mineral absorption and retention ratios in rats fed the PFS diet were significantly higher than those in rats fed either the SPI or casein diet. These results suggest that PFS may be a promising dietary protein source for improving the mineral bioavailability in humans.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1851K) -
Masahiro KITAGAWA, Keisuke HOSOTANI2000 年 46 巻 1 号 p. 42-45
発行日: 2000年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーIn this study, we examined the effect of certain analytical procedures to deter-mine the best method of recovering the ingested retinoids, specifically retinol and retinyl palmitate, from rat liver and serum. In this experiment, the best extraction solvent for retinol was n-hexane and that for retinyl palmitate was ethyl acetate. The best results were obtained using a mobile phase (n-hexane-diethyl ether, 76:24, v/v) as the sample solvent in the assay for liver retinol, similarly, chloroform as the sample solvent in the assay for serum retinol, and for liver retinyl palmitate, the best sample solvent was methanol-toluene (5:5, v/v). The assayed values of retinol and retinyl palmitate measured in ethanol (0.125% .BHT added) and extraction solvent (0.025% BHT added) were significantly higher than those when no BHT was added to the ethanol and extraction solvent. The determina-tion methods for extracting retinol and retinyl palmitate from the liver varied according to the conditions laved out above. Simultaneous determination of retinol and retinyl palmitate has been illustrated in previous papers by various authors; however, we found that the indi-vidual determination of retinol and retinyl palmitate was necessary to accurately assay each retinoid.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (965K) -
Emiko SUZUKI, Tadao KURATA, Noriko MIYAKE, Yoko NISHIKAWA, Nobuhiko AR ...2000 年 46 巻 1 号 p. 46-48
発行日: 2000年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーThe concentrations of erythorbic acid(ErA) and L-ascorbic acid(AsA) in the tissues of guinea pigs orally administered AsA or ErA Were measured over the passage of time using high-performance liquid chromatography. Guinea pigs were each administered 5mg AsA or 100mg ErA, and killed at a specified time thereafter. The AsA concentrations in the tissues of AsA-administered guinea pigs and the ErA concentratins in the tissues of ErA-administered guinea pigs increased for 3h after the respective administrations and decreased thereafter in both groups. The AsA concentration in the tissues of AsA-adminis-tered guinea pigs tended to be similar to the sum of AsA and ErA concentrations in the ErA-administered guinea pigs within 3 h after administration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (562K) -
Saori HARADA, Kaoru TACHIYASHIKI, Kazuhiko IMAIZUMI2000 年 46 巻 1 号 p. 49-52
発行日: 2000年
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーRat liver cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is the principal enzyme which catalyzes the oxidation of ethanol. ADH activity is known to be significantly higher in females than in males. However, the precise mechanism of the sex-difference in ADH actives ity is uncertain. Recently, we have shown that the inhibitory action of androgen and the slight facilitatory actions of progestin and estrogen are involved in the mechanism of sex-dif ference in adult rat liver ADH activity. In the present study, we studied the difference of the postnatal developmental changes of ADH activity between males and females. ADH activity increased rapidly after birth up to about 12 d of age, and was not different in the two sexes, In female rats, ADH activity peaked at about 30 d of age and then increased gradually tc plateau levels. However, the ADH activity of male rats fell markedly between 30 and 45 d old, and the reduced enzyme activity was observed until 104 d old. In conclusion, the ADH activity of male rats fell between 30 and 45 d after birth. At the ages over the turning point the ADH activity was significantly lower in male than in female rats.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (886K)
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