A switch from an ordinary to a vegetable diet resulted in an increase both in the fecal folic acid and in the folic acid synthesized and it resulted in a further increase with an addition of cellulose. On the contrary, a switch from an ordinary to a meat diet resulted in a reduction in the fecal folic acid and the folic acid synthesized, but they were definitely enhanced when cellulose was added to the meat diet. This relationship was found to be about the same with the case of thiamine, riboflavin, niacin and pyridoxine.

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Vitamin contents were tested with the lamprey caught in the Mogami River, Yamagata Prefecture. In the flesh, the vitamin A level was found the highest ever known in the flesh of any species of fish or animal. Anatomical parts rich in vitamin A next to the flesh are the liver, kidney, gonads and intestine; especially, the testis and intenstine contain extraordinary quantities of the vitamin. The distribution of vitamin A in the body considerably differs from that of ordinary fishes. The major part of the vitamin is accumulated in the flesh and intestine, whereas the liver possesses only a small part of it.
Samples caught in the spawning season, April and May, were found more abundant in the vitamin content than those canght in autumn. The young fish also indicated by far higher content of vitamin A than any other fish in a comparable stage.
The content of thiamine and B₁₂ in the skin greatly exceeds that of other fishes. In the ventral skin more thiamine was found than in the dorsal skin.

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1. Addition of 3 moles of sodium hydroxide to the aqueous aolution of 1 mole thiamine hydrochloride to form the sodium salt of thiol-type thiamine, followed by the addition of aqueous solution of cyanogen bromide, and immediate alkalization with 30 per cent sodium hydroxide afford colorless hydrate crystals of mp 109.5°, which give a dehydrated compound of mp 134-136° by drynig over phosphoric anhydride.
2. Addition of 3 moles of sodium hydroxide to the aqueous solution of 1 mole thiamine hydrochloride to form the sodium salt of thiol-type thiamine and application of 1 mole of cyanogen bromide to it affords colorless hydrate crystals of mp 78-80°. Recrystallization from dehydrated ethanol gives N-(1-methyl-2-thiocyanato-4-hydroxy-1-butenyl)-N-[(2-methyl-4-amino-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl] formamide (III) as crystals melting with decomposition at 150.5-151.5°. This substance is decomposed by hydrochloric acid into 2-methyl-4-amino-5-amino-methylpyrimidine and formic acid, by sodium hydroxide into thiamine, thiamine disulfide, and a substance of mp 134-136°, and reduced by sodium sulfide or cysteine hydrochloride into thiamine. The substance of mp 134-136° is identical with the unknown substance obtained by Yurugi by the pyrolysis of thiamine disulfide.

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Some groups of rats weighing 30-40g were fed on a vitamin E-deficient diet and 1-50mg of DL-α-tocopherol per day was administered orally to each animal for 40 days. After the experimental period the growth of the groups supplemented with the vitamin was found more advanced than that of the control group, and nothing unusual in appearence was observed in the experimental animals. Therefore, vitamin E in such doses is believed to exert no ill effects on the animals.
Considering the growth response curve, the daily requirement of vitamin E for the rat seems to be 1mg or less.

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1. The urinary lactic acid levels were comparatively unchanged for 2-3 hours after taking 600g of Japanese noodles.
2. The urinary lactic acid excretion was decreased after administering thiamine.
3. The amount of lactic acid excreted in the urine of rabbits in 24 hours was hardly decreased after the injection of thiamine.
4. Administration of sulfathiazole to rabbits increased markedly the total lactic acid in the urine excreted in 24 hours.
5. This increased lactic acid in urine could not be reduced by the injection of thiamine.

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The thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, B₁₂ activity, nicotinamide, calcium pantothenate, biotin, folic acid, inositol, and choline contents of Italian rice “Originario” and of its by-products (bran, germs, polishings) were determined and shown in a table.

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Ascorbic acid, riboflavin and pteroylglutamic acid in multi-vitamin preparations can be concurrently determined by polarography in phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8). The first is represented by its anodic wave at E_1/2-0.05V and the next two by their cathodic waves at E_1/2-0.47 and -1.2V vs NCE, respectively. The reduction wave at E_1/2 -0.41V in 0.1N HCl solution is also utilized for the determination of pteroylglutamic acid in the mixture. 2-Methyl-1, 4-naphthohydroquinone diacetate (K) is determined by means of the redox wave of menadione which is formed by alkali hydrolysis of K. Thiamine in such preparations is determined by the maximum wave which is observed at ca. -1.5V in its solution containing 1mM CoCl₂, 0.1M NH₄Cl and 0.1M NH₃.
The determination of niacinamide is effected by means of its cathodic wave at -1.8V in 0.1N NaOH. Thiamine propyl disulfide (TPD) in a mixture of TPD, thiamine, riboflavin and “Tween” is determined by means of the reduction wave at E_1/2 -0.7V in pH 4 acetate buffer, in which condition riboflavin is also determined by its wave at E_1/2 -0.34V. Thiamine in such a mixture is determined by means of its anodic wave at E_1/2 -0.44V in pH 10-12 phosphate buffer.

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1. By the action of the enzyme of E. coli various kinds of B₂-compounds of oligosaccharide were produced through successive transfer of glucosyl group between B₂-compounds and maltose.
2. It was found that B₂-compounds thus formed were decomposed enzymatically into B₂ and oligosaccharides accompanying the formation of new B₂-compounds of higher oligosaccharides.
3. From the observation mentioned above the essential mechanism of transglucosidation relating to B₂ was discussed, and B₂ was concluded to play a significant role as glucosyl carrier in the biochemical process of oligosaccharide synthesis.

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1. Six compounds, with structures analogous to that of 2-methyl-4-amino-5-hydroxymethylpyrimidine, were found to suppress the running fit induced by the latter.
2. On the basis of their action, it is proposed that these compounds are called Atoxopyrimidine group substances.

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1. The carbonyl reagents, i.e., hydroxylamine, semicarbazide and thiosemicarbazide, incite in mice the running fit which can be prevented by pyridoxine.
2. Carbonyl reagents containing a quaternary amine, i.e., Girard T and Girard P reagents, however, do not incite the running fit.
3. INAH and BAH, compounds analogous in structure to carbonyl reagents, incite the running or jumping fit. The seizure incited by these two compounds, however, can not be prevented by pyridoxine. Pyridoxine has, on the contrary, an intensifying effect.

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Twenty mg of calcium pantothenate was administered intramuscularly daily for 1-4 weeks to patients with various liver diseases. Improvement in hippuric acid synthesis, serum cholesterol ester ratio, acetylating activity and α-keto acid metabolism was observed. However, other tests of liver function were not improved or only slightly it at all. Favorable effects upon fatiguability, anorexia and nervous complaints including paresthesias were also observed.

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1. Oxaloacetate, fumarate, pyruvate and lactate which are the metabolites of aspartate, were all stimulatory on the flavinogenesis by Cl. acetobutylicum. α-Ketoglutarate and L-malate were not active, the latter being inhibitory to riboflavin biosynthesis.
2. Aminofumaric acid diamide was stimulative, but its effect was less than fumarate.
3. None of the amino acids tested could replace L-aspartate in riboflavin biosynthesis. DL-Serine was much effective on the synthesis. DL-Serine and L-aspartate play the same role in the synthesis. Glycine was not effective in the experiments using growing cells.
4. Adenine, hypoxanthine, uracil, orotic acid and 2-amino-4-hydroxypteridine-6-carboxylic acid were inactive on the flavinogenesis in the experiments using resting cells. The growth and riboflavin formation of this microorganism were not inhibited by the addition of sulfanilamide and p-amino-salicylic acid in the presence of p-aminobenzoic acid and folic acid.

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