農業史研究
Online ISSN : 2424-1334
Print ISSN : 1347-5614
ISSN-L : 1347-5614
44 巻
選択された号の論文の11件中1~11を表示しています
  • 加藤 衛拡
    原稿種別: 本文
    2010 年 44 巻 p. 1
    発行日: 2010年
    公開日: 2017/03/23
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
  • 金谷 千亜紀
    原稿種別: 本文
    2010 年 44 巻 p. 3-15
    発行日: 2010年
    公開日: 2017/03/23
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
    This essay aims at making clear the forest types of Oyama and its forms of utilization at Gonohe-dori in the Morioka clan, using "Gonohe Odaikanjo Oyama-chou", that had been in the possession of The former Aomori forestry commission, as material. Oyama was a kind of mountain forest among all the forests in that terrain, on which the Morioka clan that governed with strictly feudal system placed the greatest stress. And "Oyama-chou" is a register that was created on the basis of detailed research of Oyama. "Oyama-chou", in the forms of sticky notes and touching in, contains the description of utilization of mountain forest. The register says that the forests in this region were utilized in large part as a tool for building houses or artificial ditches. As for the rest, we find from this register that there were various a village that takes diverse forms of regular vocation that harnesses mountain forest resources in accordance with each geographical conditions, for example, a village which picks firewoods offered for sale, or a village which hews down mountain forests as a resource offered for farming. The mountain forest in that region (Oyama) is, for the native subordinates and people(farmers, subjects), a tool for a living, which supplies them resources connected with their life, and is, for the whole of the clan, so to speak, a reserve mountain, which compensates when the rest of the mountain forest resources get low. I could also confirm such character of public=private interest utlilizing Oyama as Osukui-yama, that is, a form of Oyama which is a means for helping starving people in famine. In sum, I showed the importance of Oyama for both sides of the clan and people.
  • 脇野 博
    原稿種別: 本文
    2010 年 44 巻 p. 16-26
    発行日: 2010年
    公開日: 2017/03/23
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    The purpose of this study is to consider the relationship between national forest management and community in modern Japan. This study analyzed using an official document that had been left in the AOMORI Regional Forest Office. National forest in Aomori Prefecture was having one of Japan's forest resources. From the early Meiji era, national forest in Aomori Prefecture was supporting the national infrastructure. National forest in Aomori Prefecture was very important in national forests in the country. Since the early 20th century, in the national forests, special management business began as a national project. This project was carried out based on operation plans. Operation plans handbook is a document that was created when you create with operation plans. From manual operation plans we can know the reality of national forest management and community. However, the relationship between national forest management and community, interest was high from the previous problem is the classification populace-owned and state-owned of forest. Forests Subject to Rights of Common were nationalized by the classification populace-owned and state-owned of forest. We have been thinking that farmers are no longer available for free to the nationalization of forest, therefore national forest management and community interests in the conflict. National forest management is probably what led to the only disadvantage to the community. Management of national forest in Aomori Prefecture from 1903 to 1928 study results of operation plans handbook of the year, got the following conclusions. Farmers were obtained from national forests for fuel. In addition, the farmers got their income from working in national forests. In this way, national forests have helped to maintain the community. Therefore, it is a mistake to think that national forest brings a disadvantage to the community, and national forest management and community interests in the conflict. Meanwhile, labor is needed in the management of national forests, had been sourced from the local community. Therefore, the relationship between communities and national forests was a symbiotic relationship.
  • 高橋 伸拓
    原稿種別: 本文
    2010 年 44 巻 p. 27-38
    発行日: 2010年
    公開日: 2017/03/23
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    This text examined administration and utilization of timber resources by using Ohayashicho of the new discovery on Shogunate-held lands in the Mino district. As a result of the examination, administration and utilization of timber resources had the feature in the amount and the wood species in the Kamo-gun, the Gujo-gun, the Kani-gun, and the Toki-gun. And, it was clarified to plant a different tree in the purpose of use and the character of land.
  • 田原 昇
    原稿種別: 本文
    2010 年 44 巻 p. 39-47
    発行日: 2010年
    公開日: 2017/03/23
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    I attempt this report to analyze the activities of afforestation business by village farmars and the formation of privately owned forests. Especially I will make a report about a study of the fact that Kiso forests were divided into the national forests and privately owned forests in the early modern era.
  • 浪川 健治
    原稿種別: 本文
    2010 年 44 巻 p. 48-51
    発行日: 2010年
    公開日: 2017/03/23
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
  • [記載なし]
    原稿種別: 本文
    2010 年 44 巻 p. 52-60
    発行日: 2010年
    公開日: 2017/03/23
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
  • 安岡 健一
    原稿種別: 本文
    2010 年 44 巻 p. 61-75
    発行日: 2010年
    公開日: 2017/03/23
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
    After the Japanese colonial occupation of Korea, the number of the Korean migrants to the mainland of Imperial Japan increased rapidly. Many of them lived in cities or near coal mines, but only a few lived in villages. The purpose of this paper is to examine how Korean farmers lived in Japanese villages and how their situation changed in the postwar era. On the one hand, there are many historical studies that examine the agricultural labor problem, but they do not focus on the ethnic problem. On the other hand, studies concerning Korean residents have not yet focused on the agriculture problem. Since 1920 agricultural labor wages in Japan rose sharply. As a result, Japanese land owners were eager to use cheap-labor Korean agriculture workers in order to keep their management costs low. This was particularly observed in the north Kyushu area, where there were many coal mines. After 1937, even in the south area of Kyoto Prefecture, a progressive agriculture area, more and more Korean people begun to work as tenants. Such was the situation in Terada village(寺田村). However, the agriculture administration found a very serious national problem in those days. The agriculture administration secretly made an effort to restrain the Korean people's transition, a reaction from their nationalistic agrarianism. However, some of the Korean farmers obtained their land ownership. Korean farmers in Terada village were excluded from the Community Agricultural Association (部落実行組合), but they were organized in Kyowakai (協和会). Although the integration policy of the Korean people denied their traditions, they continued to do "Pumasi"(プマシ); a traditional labor exchange system of the Korean agriculture. This paper analyzes/describes these events and their evolution to the present.
  • 柴野 憩
    原稿種別: 本文
    2010 年 44 巻 p. 76-89
    発行日: 2010年
    公開日: 2017/03/23
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    This article focuses on the project of "Tengyo"-settlement, whose purpose was to move the "Tengyo-sya", non-peasant unemployed population produced through the wartime economic regulation policy, from Japan to Manchuria as agricultural settlements. The purposes of this article are; 1) to give the contour of this project, 2) to make clear the process of recruitment in Japan as well as their conditions in Kashiwazaki Settlement of Manchuria, paying attention to the differential character as a "Tengyo"-settlement, based on the narratives of ex-emigrants and their relatives. We could find this project strongly political, because it was planed as a part of the policy of human resource mobilization in the total war system. Japan's authorities were very indifference for settlers after emigration, although they were unfamiliar with agricultural cultivation. Without any political support, people could not reach to the stability of the farm management until the end of War. Even the conflict within the settlement had grown too much to be confronted with the crisis of destruction. We think that it came from the original nature of forced "Tengyo"-Settlement. Although it had been thought that the project of "Tengyo"-settlement was planed for the purpose of increasing food production of Japan, this analysis requires us to discuss it from the viewpoint of the larger national policy, too. We could find the contributions of this article in 3 points: Firstly, it could locate the project of "Tengyo"-settlement, ignored in former historical studies, in Manchurian emigration policy. Secondly, it could firstly make clear the actual conditions of "Tengyo"-settlers in Manchuria. Finally, we could show the significance to discuss more about the purpose of this project.
  • 阿部 希望
    原稿種別: 本文
    2010 年 44 巻 p. 90-101
    発行日: 2010年
    公開日: 2017/03/23
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
    The purpose of this article is to investigate the role played by seed dealers in the development of the modern vegetable production systems in Japan through an analysis of the management system of a seed market located in Kitatoshima-gun, Tokyo, Japan. In Kitatoshima-gun, since the early days of the modern period, vegetable seed production systems have been developed and half-agricultural, half-commercial seed shops established. From the mid to the late Meiji era, wholesale seed dealers' markets developed with Nakasendo as an industrial center, which led to the production of open-pollinated seeds, the development of original seeds, and the commercial production of seeds based on commissions with farmers. The commission-based seed farmers were located in the neighborhood of the seed dealers' markets until the mid Taisho era. However, by the late Taisho era, the farmers had moved to more remote areas and the trade of seeds was undertaken by administrators. Seeds were also traded by mail-order businesses. In addition, the seed dealers increased the amount of products they offered through the commission-based seed production systems. Thus, in the process of development in the modern vegetable production systems in Japan, the seed dealers have played a role in both producing and distributing the vegetable seeds, supporting a stable supply of high-quality seeds.
  • 市村 導人
    原稿種別: 本文
    2010 年 44 巻 p. 102-110
    発行日: 2010年
    公開日: 2017/03/23
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
    The research related to fertilize in the Chinese agricultural history emphasized that shift from the self-sufficient fertilize to the purchase fertilize. But, the development of the farming technology of the Song and Yuan ages can't be evaluated with this point of view. Farming technology must establish increase in the purchase fertilizer at the stage of the self-sufficient fertilizer. In the self-sufficient fertilizer, a manufacture process is contained, or the establishment of the knowledge about effect of the fertilizer that it can be evaluated as a farming technology. The former, the Song and Yuan ages can't be presumed difference, because there has already been some "compost" since the sixth century. The latter, it is important to give combustion ashes of the organic matter and the lime. The use of "ashes" can be confirmed to the agricultural manual of Chen Fu 陳敷 NT and Wang Then 王禎 written in the Song and Yuan ages. By the use of "ashes", unlike shifting cultivation, the effect of the fertilizer could be controlled by mixing it with night soil. It thought with the imperfect farming technology by the usual research because it volatilizes nitrogen which is nutrient to mix night soil with "ashes". But, night soil contains table salt, and has the possibility to hurt a root. As a countermeasure, "Ashes" and night soil are mixed, and table salt is resolved. There is a problem by paying attention only to nutrition to analyze fertilize. After the Song and Yuan ages, it could confirm that the importance of "ashes" increased by the historical materials. The writer thinks that the Song and Yuan ages was the start time of such "ashes" use. When the fertilize level is evaluated from the farming technology, the Song and Yuan ages was one difference.
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