Journal of Osaka Dental University
Online ISSN : 2189-6488
Print ISSN : 0475-2058
ISSN-L : 0475-2058
53 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の14件中1~14を表示しています
  • Ichiro NISHIJIMA, Wataru KAWASHIMA, Mamoru UEMURA, Isumi TODA, Akimich ...
    原稿種別: research-article
    2019 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 1-7
    発行日: 2019/04/25
    公開日: 2019/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー

    Bisphosphonates (BP) are widely used therapeutic agents for osteoporosis (OP). While many OP patients experience dry mouth, no study has investigated the morphological in­ fluence of OP and BP on salivary glands. We investigated the morphological influence of BP on mandibular glands using normal rats and an OP rat model. The study included 36, 8-­week­-old female Wistar rats. We divided them into OP and SH groups (18 animals each). The rats in the OP group underwent bilateral ovariectomy, and the SH group re­ceived a sham operation. Nine rats from each group were injected with BP, and the re­maining were injected with normal saline. Both mandibular glands were removed from each animal. The bone density of the femur was measured using micro­-computed to­mography, cross­-sectional areas of acini were measured using optical microscopy, di­ameters of acini and periacinar capillaries were measured using scanning electron mi­croscopy, and statistical analysis (at 5% significance) was performed. Each measurement for the SH­-BP and OP-­BP groups were significantly smaller than those of the SH­-NS and OP-­NS groups. The results suggest that BP administration caused atrophic changes to the mandibular gland tissues and miniaturization of capillaries, thereby reducing the vol­ume of saliva secreted. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2019; 53: 1­-7)

  • Tsuguo SHINTANI, Eisuke DOMAE, Yoshihiro YOSHIKAWA, Aiko KAMADA, Takas ...
    2019 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 9-14
    発行日: 2019/04/25
    公開日: 2019/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー

    Recent reports suggest that trypsin and the trypsin‐like enzyme tryptase modulate the ability of macrophages to polarize to the M2a phenotype. Trypsin also potentiates monocytes to differentiate into fibrocytes resulting in enhanced wound healing. Because osteoclasts differentiate from monocyte/macrophage lineage cells, the enzymatic activity might also affect osteoclast differentiation. In this study we examined the effect of trypsin on the ability of the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 to differentiate into osteoclasts. We found that trypsin treatment of RAW264.7 cells lowers their ability to differentiate into osteoclasts in response to RANKL. We also found that trypsin treatment lowered the capacity of RANK to bind its cognate ligand RANKL. Therefore, we concluded that the exposure to trypsin or trypsin‐like enzymes might affect macrophage polarization to osteoclasts via degradation of the cell surface receptor RANK. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2019; 53: 9‐14)

  • Hiroichi ORIHARA, Mamoru UEMURA, Akimichi TAKEMURA
    原稿種別: research-article
    2019 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 15-23
    発行日: 2019/04/25
    公開日: 2019/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー

    We investigated the effect of antibiotic administration on spontaneous healing in Goto‐Kakizaki (GK) rats with type 2 diabetes and an experimentally created defect in the palatal mucosa, comparing a control group of 18 male 8‐week‐old Wistar rats and a diabetes mellitus (DM) group of 18 male 8‐week‐old GK rats. In both groups, a cylindrical defect 1.5 mm in diameter was created in the maxillary right first molar region of the palatal mucosa using a biopsy punch to remove all the soft tissue, including the periosteum. Immediately after this surgery, an antibiotic was administered intraperitoneally. Three animals per group were sacrificed for histological testing at healing periods of 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 28 days after the surgery. It took longer for the wound to be covered with skin in the DM group than in the control group, and the appearance of granulation tissue and collagen fibers in the lamina propria was delayed. No sequestrum formation occurred in either group. The results of our comparative histological observations showed that spontaneous healing was delayed in GK rats compared with the controls. Our results suggest that if an antibiotic is administered, sequestrum formation may not occur. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2019; 53: 15‐23)

  • Katsura UEDA, Yoshifumi MATSUDA, Kentaro UENO, Mamoru UEMURA, Yoshihir ...
    原稿種別: research-article
    2019 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 25-30
    発行日: 2019/04/25
    公開日: 2019/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー

    Early growth response (EGR)‐1 is a 80 kDa protein with a zinc‐finger motif that functions as a DNA transcription factor, and contributes to cell growth. We investigated the kinetics of EGR‐1 in human dental pulpal cells stimulated with insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐1. Human pulpal cells were cultured with Dulbecco's modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS). After cultivation in DMEM without FCS for two days, pulpal cells were incubated with DMEM containing 1, 10 or 100 ng/mL of IGF‐1 for 30 min as an initial experiment. In the dose‐response experiments, the proliferation index of these cells, as measured by 5‐bromo‐2'‐deoxyuridine incorporation, increased gradually in the presence of IGF‐1. Then, after cultivation in DMEM without FBS for two days, pulpal cells were incubated with DMEM containing 10 ng/mL of IGF‐1 for 15, 30, 45 or 60 min, respectively. In the time‐course experiments, pulpal cells that were cultured with IGF‐1 expressed EGR‐1 mRNA from 15 min and EGR‐1 protein from 30 min. DMEM supplemented with 10 ng/mL IGF‐1 clearly induced the expression of EGR‐1 in pulpal cells. Immunocytochemical observations by the reactions of FITC revealed strong nuclear immunostaining for EGR‐1 in pulpal cells treated with IGF‐1 for 30 min. These results suggest that EGR‐I has a potentially important role in pulpal cell growth, and that IGF‐1 induces the expression of EGR‐I in pulpal cells. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2019; 53: 25‐30)

  • Yusuke KAMIMURA, Takayuki KUSUNOKI, Kentaro OKUNO, Akiyo KAWAMOTO, Kaz ...
    原稿種別: research-article
    2019 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 31-38
    発行日: 2019/04/25
    公開日: 2019/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー

    The tongue plays a variety of roles in mastication and swallowing. It takes food into the mouth and mixes it with saliva to form a bolus during the preparation stage. It starts upward movement from its apex, pressing the hard palate from the front to the back and moving the bolus of food to the pharynx during the oral stage. The tongue increases the internal pressure of the pharynx and moves the bolus of food to the esophagus during the pharyngeal stage. Therefore, to enhance the swallowing function, it is important to evaluate the functional movement of the tongue. The methods of tongue muscle training currently available vary in their intensity, duration and frequency. We compared the effectiveness of tongue pressure and tongue control, focusing on the different muscle types (white and red muscle fibers) that are used for instantaneous and sustained exercise. The subjects were nine elderly people, 4 males and 5 females with an average age 85±8 years who were able to understand and practice this training. The subjects were either residents of a special elderly nursing home or attended a daycare center for seniors. They were divided into two groups and asked to perform tongue resistance training with a spoon. One group performed 10 rounds of tongue elevation at maximum tongue pressure (the 10 time group) and the other did one round of tongue elevation for 10 seconds at maximum tongue pressure (the 10 second group). The subjects did three sessions a day, three times a week for 8weeks, with about a minute break between training sessions. As an evaluation method, tongue pressure and oral diadochokinesis (ODK) were measured every 2weeks. ODK measured the three sounds [pa], [ta] and [ka] every 10seconds, and measured the total number of times the subject could articulate these sounds. The subjects were trained and measurements were done in a chair or a wheelchair in an upright sitting position without using a backrest and with the feet placed on the ground. Tongue pressure rose significantly in both groups from the first appointment up until 4 weeks. After that it increased relatively slowly from 4to 8weeks. Following 8weeks of training, the tongue pressure of the 10 second group had increased significantly more than that of the 10 time group, and it was significantly greater at each time point up until 8weeks. The [pa], [ta] and [ka] sounds of the ODK for the 10 time group did not differ significantly at each time point. There was no significant difference in the [pa] and [ka] sounds in the 10 second group at each time point. However, the [ta] sound in the 10 second group increased significantly from the first appointment by 6 and 8 weeks. Our findings suggest that sustained training may increase tongue pressure and tongue skill more effectively than instantaneous training. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2019; 53: 31‐38)

  • Takaya YAMAMURA, Takahisa OKAWA, Yuki ITO, Takamasa FUJII, Masahiro TA ...
    原稿種別: research-article
    2019 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 39-47
    発行日: 2019/04/25
    公開日: 2019/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー

    Low‐temperature atmospheric pressure plasma (LT‐APP) treatment can be used for surface energy activation and contaminant removal from minute gaps between fiber posts without increased risk of deformation due to physical force or heat. It is an effective method of surface treatment in clinical dentistry. We investigated its efficacy for fiber posts. In Experiment 1, we evaluated the impact of LT‐APP on the bending strength of the fiber posts. A three‐point bending test was conducted using a universal testing machine. In Experiment 2, we investigated the effect of LT‐APP treatment on the adhesion strength between the fiber post and both the composite resin core and the adhesive resin cement. A cupping test was conducted using a universal testing machine. Experiment 1 showed that the LT‐APP treatment did not weaken the physical properties of the fiber post. Experiment 2 showed that when the LT‐APP treatment was performed before the silane treatment, the bond strength improved between the fiber post, and both the composite resin core and the adhesive resin cement. The results indicated that LT‐APP treatment of fiber posts is effective. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2019; 53: 39‐47)

  • Tetsuro HADA, Chika SHIMAMURA, Syouta HAYATA, Mamoru UEMURA, Akimichi ...
    原稿種別: research-article
    2019 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 49-54
    発行日: 2019/04/25
    公開日: 2019/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー

    The subclavian artery branches to form the vertebral and internal thoracic artery and thyrocervical and costocervical trunk in this order and passes behind the scalenus anterior muscle. We report a case of the right subclavian artery passing through the right scalenus anterior muscle. Twenty‐five reports document the subclavian artery passing in front of the scalenus anterior muscle, with only eight instances of it passing through the scalenus anterior muscle. Therefore, we attempted to clarify the ramification pattern of the subclavian branches through the surrounding structures. Twenty cadavers (40 cases) were examined. In 39 cases, the subclavian artery passed behind the scalenus anterior muscle with five types of ramification patterns observed in the subclavian branches. In the remaining cases, the subclavian artery passed through the scalenus anterior muscle with a different ramification pattern than those previously reported. The first branch from the subclavian artery formed the vertebral artery, the second formed the thyrocervical trunk, the third formed the costocervical trunk, and the fourth formed the internal thoracic artery. These observations indicate that the ramification pattern of the subclavian artery passing through the scalenus anterior muscle in this case and in a previous case may be characteristic of this anatomical condition. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2019; 53: 49‐54)

  • Comparison between conventional and bite impression methods
    Naoki SUGITATSU, Junko TANAKA, Masahiro TANAKA
    2019 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 55-62
    発行日: 2019/04/25
    公開日: 2019/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー

    The purpose of this study was to determine the impression method with the most favorable occlusal contact reproducibility in the intercuspal position. The subjects were 9 health dentulous adults. We used two types of conventional impression methods, and the full‐arch bite impression method using a prototype tray. We compared the occlusal contacts on each fabricated dental cast with those of each subject. We found that the full‐arch bite impression method resulted in larger values than conventional impression methods in terms of the number of reproducible regions, and resulted in fewer non‐reproducible regions. We concluded that the full‐arch bite impression method was useful for obtaining reproducible occlusal contacts. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2019; 53: 55‐62)

  • Shinji MATSUO, Masaki KAKUDO, Atsuko IMAI, Junko TANAKA, Masahiro TANA ...
    原稿種別: research-article
    2019 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 63-70
    発行日: 2019/04/25
    公開日: 2019/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー

    Although posture adjustment in mealtime management is related to mastication, it is not clear how it affects tongue movement during eating. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of posture adjustment in mealtime management on tongue movement. We used ultrasonography to observe the tongue movement of 8 healthy individuals. The study was done with unilateral mastication on the right side and free swallowing. The eating postures were an 80° reclined sitting position, 30° reclining position, and 30° reclining with the neck 15° anteflexed on a reclining chair. Test foods were steamed rice and chew‐swallow‐managing food, which is a food used in mastication studies that has the physical properties of jelly and paste. Tongue movements were divided into three stages based on mastication time from the M‐mode waveform. B‐mode images were extracted in five continuous M‐mode waveforms at each time. The height difference between the left and the right sides of the tongue was calculated. Friedman and Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests were performed to evaluate posture adjustment assistance and mastication time. In each posture for both foods, the tongue height difference significantly decreased as mastication progressed. In addition, the tongue height difference was significantly larger in the 30° reclining position than in other postures. Although the 80° sitting position is suitable for mastication, the 30° reclining position is not. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2019; 53: 63‐70)

  • Suguru MORITA, Kentaro OKUNO, Takayuki KUSUNOKI, Akiyo KAWAMOTO, Kazuy ...
    原稿種別: research-article
    2019 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 71-79
    発行日: 2019/04/25
    公開日: 2019/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー

    We developed a device to evaluate the bolus transport force in the pharyngeal stage of swallowing, and evaluated its validity and reliability. A catheter was inserted through the nostril, with its lower end placed in the pharynx to detect the transport of the catheter toward the esophagus during swallowing. Its upper end was connected to an aluminum plate with a strain gauge outside the mouth. The peak value of the strain during swallowing was measured, and was defined as the bolus transport force. The intra‐rater reliability and the inter‐rater reliability of the measurement for each test maneuver were evaluated. When the catheter was placed 2 cm above the esophageal orifice it could detect the swallowing movement, and consistent strain waveforms could be recorded while simultaneously recording videofluoroscopic data. The interclass correlation coefficient of the intra‐ and inter‐rater reliabilities were greater than 0.7 for dry swallowing, swallowing of 3 mL of water, and swallowing of 5 mL of water. This information is considered appropriate for this research. The device for measuring the bolus transport force was capable of detecting the pharyngeal bolus transport movements. In addition, the reliability of the measurement device was confirmed by examination of the intra‐ and inter‐rater reliabilities. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2019; 53: 71‐79)

  • Yuka YASUI, Junko TANAKA, Masaki KAKUDO, Toshiki NAKAJIMA, Kousuke KAS ...
    原稿種別: research-article
    2019 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 81-88
    発行日: 2019/04/25
    公開日: 2019/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー

    The relation between subconscious preference and gaze in young and elderly for test foods using an eye‐tracking system was investigated. The subjects were 15 young adults and 16 elderly. Test foods were 150 g of steamed rice, approximately 45 g of grilled salmon, and 60 g of slice cooked squash. The food preparation types were unmodified, chopped and blended. After placement of the eye tracker, participants watched freely each dish arranged in front of them for 10 sec. Then they ate the test foods freely within 10 min. We analyzed the total number of gaze point fixations, the total gaze point fixation time, the amount of food intake, preference level details, and the correlation between the total number of gaze point fixations and the total the gaze point fixation time were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using the Friedman test for the total number of gaze point fixations, the total gaze point fixation time, and the amount of food intake. If a significant difference was observed, the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was performed. Statistical analysis was performed using the correlation coefficient for the correlation between the total number of gaze point fixations and the total gaze point fixation time. For foods with higher preference levels, the total number of gaze point fixations and the total gaze point fixation time increased. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2019; 53: 81‐88)

  • Hiroki OMOTO, Suguru DATEOKA, Yoshiaki ONO, Yoshitomo HONDA, Masahiro ...
    原稿種別: research-article
    2019 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 89-94
    発行日: 2019/04/25
    公開日: 2019/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー

    We investigated changes in the levels of anxiety and stress during dental treatment in patients with a gagging reflex (GR) who were scheduled to receive intravenous sedation. The Y‐G personality test (Y-G) was performed at the first examination, and STAI anxiety (STAI) was measured before and after treatment. Salivary amylase (sAMY) was measured using a salivary amylase monitor and salivary cortisol sCOR was measured using a Cortisol Enzyme Immunoassay Kit before, during and after treatment. The Y‐G revealed no characteristic personality for the GR patients. Based on the results of the A-state, sAMY, and sCOR measurements, anxiety and stress were reduced during dental treatment under intravenous sedation. Nonetheless, the values measured before each treatment did not change with an increase in the frequency of treatment. This suggests that although dental treatment under intravenous sedation is useful for reducing anxiety and stress during treatment, the anxiety and stress prior to the dental treatment were not reduced. It may be necessary to perform concomitant cognitive behavioral therapy applying an anxiety hierarchy and respondent conditioning to manage the dental care of GR patients and to facilitate their dental home care. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2019; 53: 89‐94)

  • Akimichi TAKEMURA, Mamoru UEMURA, Wataru KAWASHIMA, Isumi TODA, Kotaro ...
    原稿種別: research-article
    2019 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 95-102
    発行日: 2019/04/25
    公開日: 2019/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー

    Most studies on the filiform papillae of the lingual dorsum in the Felidae family have been on domestic cats (Felis catus). The sole study on the lingual papillae of the lion (Panthera leo) has only described the surface morphology of the epithelial papillae. Our objective in this study was to observe the microvascular architecture of the filiform papillae of the lingual dorsum in the lion and identify its morphological characteristics. Two lion cadavers owned by the university were used. Acrylic resin was injected from the bilateral common carotid arteries, and microvascular corrosion casts of the tongues were prepared. The lingual dorsum was divided into four areas comprising the apical, anterior, middle and posterior regions of the tongue, and observations were made in three portions of each area, making a total of 12 locations. The microvascular architecture of the filiform papillae at each site was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The architecture of the filiform papillae consisted of a capillary plexus and capillary loops projecting upward from a cylindrical or elliptical base. The capillary plexus was located on the side closest to the pharynx, was inclined pharyngeally, and was conical or columnar in shape. Numerous capillary loops were present, arranged in ellipses or circles. In the hairpin‐shaped capillary loops, a single ascending limb passed through the venular network, then made a hairpin‐shaped U‐turn before flowing into the venular network, usually as a single limb, but sometimes dividing into two or three. In the posterior region, the papillae contained a single conical capillary plexus and a double circle of capillary loops. We have named this type of filiform papilla the “single conical double circular filiform papilla." This morphology has not been reported in domestic cats and may be a specific characteristic of the filiform papillae of the lingual dorsum in lions. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2019; 53: 95‐102)

  • Yoshiaki ONO, Masataka YOSHIOKA, Yuuto TANAKA, Kazufumi IWAYAMA, Eiji ...
    原稿種別: research-article
    2019 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 103-107
    発行日: 2019/04/25
    公開日: 2019/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー

    We attempted to clarify the elements of and the degree of smell stimulation caused by dental materials using pupillary reaction as an index. We measured the pupillary reactions in 6 subjects caused by smell stimulation of 6 types of denture materials. Organic solvents contained in the denture materials were perceived as unpleasant smells. The sympathetic nerve was stimulated by all denture materials that caused the pupils to dilate. The smell of self‐curing resin stimulated the sympathetic nerve more strongly than the other materials. On the other hand, stimulation caused by the soft denture liner was significantly weaker. We concluded that sensory stimulation through the trigeminal nerve and olfactory stimulation from olfactory cells could not be separated out. However, the autonomic responses after projection to the brain could be analyzed, and stimulations by the smell of denture materials in patients could be evaluated objectively and quantitatively. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2019; 53: 103‐107)

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