Sangyo Igaku
Online ISSN : 1881-1302
Print ISSN : 0047-1879
ISSN-L : 0047-1879
Volume 30, Issue 1
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
  • H. FUJII
    1988 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 1
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Matsuo AMANO, Gensyo UMEDA, Hiroyuki NAKAJIMA, Kuniko YATSUKI
    1988 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 3-12
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The characteristic work actions of female shoe manufacturing assembly line workers were analyzed by the records of 8-mm cine-films. The relationship between cervicobrachial disorders and work actions was investigated as a cross-sectional factor control study by using sex-age matched pairs for non-assembly line workers (102 pairs). The following conclusions were obtained:
    1) The assembly line workers handled about 3, 400 sneaker shoes per day on the assembly line. A completed shoe weighed 200-500 g. The metal last weighed 400-1, 200 g. As the lines were not completely mechanized, the workers passed shoes to the next worker by hand.
    2) In the line selected for the study of work actions, 28 female workers and one male worker were engaged. The work direction of the line was one-way (from left to right or vice versa). The actions of the workers were classified into four fundamental actions: i) grasping the shoe or tool, ii) extending or iii) bending of the arms, and iv) keeping the arms in a certain position. These fundamental actions were repeated more than 3, 400 times per day by each worker. The time spent in holding a shoe in the left hand was longer than that of the right hand in holding a shoe or tool.
    3) Results of medical examinations showed a higher prevalence in assembly line workers than that in non-assembly line workers. Especially the prevalence rate of tapping test, pain sensibility test, vibratory sensibility test, Morley's test, tenosynovitis in the fingers, tendernesses at spinal muscle around the thoracic vertebrae, levator muscle of scapula, trapezius muscle, rhomboid muscle, infraspinatus muscle, greater pectoral muscle, anterior scalene muscle, thenar eminence, biceps muscle of arm, brachioradial muscle, and antebrachial flexor muscle were found to be different significantly by McNemar's test between the two groups. These disorders were appeared in the left shoulder, arm and hand.
    4) As the non-assembly line workers were not engaged in compulsory work or in one-way work direction, they injured the right side (skillful side). On the contrary, it is considered that compulsory transfer of shoes and one-way work direction imposes a heavier load on the left side of the body in assembly line workers, and consequently they injured the left side more severely.
    5) It is concluded that the sustained task of handing over shoes to the next worker or one-way work direction caused cervicobrachial disorders of assembly line workers, especially on the left side of the body.
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  • Bunji INOUE, Takaaki Mori, Fumio IZUSHI, Kohei ETOH, Ritsue SAKAI, Tad ...
    1988 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 13-20
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To investigate the toxicity of chlordane, an organochlorine insecticide, effects of cis-Chlordane, trans-Chlordane, Heptachlor and Heptachlor epoxide were examined on stimulus responses of guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). Results obtained were as follows. These chlordanerelated compounds stimulated superoxide (O2-) generation, altered membrane potential and increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+] i). As a significant tendency was not found in the stimulating effects of these compounds, the relationship between the effect and molecular structure of these substances remains unknown. Of these response reactions of PMN stimulated by chlordanes, stimulation of O2- generation lagged behind the others. Increase in [Ca2+] i was due to both acceleration of extracellular Ca2+ influx and Ca2+ release from intracellular pool. These results indicate that these chlordane-related compounds stimulate PMN and suggest a causal relationship between the stimulation of O2- generation by these substances and their toxicity.
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  • Hajime HORI, Isamu TANAKA, Takashi AKIYAMA
    1988 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 21-27
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A method for estimating thermal desorption curves and desorption efficiencies of organic solvents from activated carbon was developed for the determination of adsorbed solvent by thermal desorption method, and the estimated values were compared with the experimental values. The Freundlich or the Langmuir isotherm was assumed in obtaining the solution. Thermal desorption experiments were conducted by the following two methods: a) Desorption of solvents which were adsorbed in the activated carbon at the desorption temperature under the nitrogen gas flow containing vapor until the system reached its equilibrium state. b) Desorption of solvents which were adsorbed in the activated carbon previously at room temperature. The model was based on a) method, but the estimated desorption curves and desorption efficiencies agree well with the experimental ones not only for a) method but also for b) method.
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  • Correlation with Ergonomic Factors
    Minori NAKATA, Katsuo NISHIYAMA
    1988 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 28-45
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    An ergonomic checklist was prepared to examine safety and comfort of freight-container tractors. With this checklist, 533 tractor drivers were asked to evaluate the tractors to which they were exclusively assigned.
    In order to check the objectivity and the validity of the results, the correlation between the evaluation of the items on the checklist and the corresponding dimensions on 10 tractors was studied. Also, a multivariate analysis based on quantification theory was done to examine the correlation between the ergonomic items on the checklist and the drivers' low-back pain or fatigue symptoms of the upper and lower extremities.
    The main results were as follows:
    1) A high correlation was observed between the evaluation of items on the checklist and the corresponding dimensions of the tractors.
    2) Many items on the checklist received a poor evaluations, indicating that there are many ergonomic problems with freight-container tractors.
    3) The analysis by the quantification theory showed high correlation ratios between the items in the checklist and the drivers' fatigue symptoms of the upper and lower extremities. These correlation ratios were: arm fatigue when holding the steering wheel (0.51), arm fatigue in operating the gearshift lever (0.65), arm fatigue from opening and closing the windows (0.46), leg fatigue from operating the pedals (0.58), and low-back pain during the last two months (0.31). These showed that more than 50% of the fatigue symptoms could be explained by the ergonomic aspects of the tractors.
    4) The rate of dissatisfaction with the current tractors was 82.9%. According to the analysis by the quantification theory, the correlation ratio between the items in the checklist and the rate of dissatisfaction for the current tractors was 0.66.
    5) The foregoing results indicate that ergonomic improvement of the freight-container tractors is a matter of urgency. This should reduce the drivers' fatigue and elevate the rate of satisfaction with the tractors.
    6) However, for the prevention of the drivers' low-back pain and fatigue symptoms, improvement of the ergonomic conditions of the tractors and the driver's working conditions must be underteken at the same time.
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  • Hirokatsu WATANABE, Nobuhiro SHIMOJO, Seiya YAMAGUCHI
    1988 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 46-47
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Yoshikiyo TSUCHIHANA, Shinya KOIKE, Kaoru OHMORI
    1988 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 48-49
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Megumi NAGANO, Koichi HARADA, Junichi MISUMI, Sigeru NOMURA
    1988 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 50-51
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Katsumaro TOMOKUNI, Masayoshi ICHIBA
    1988 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 52-53
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2009
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  • Sumiko ISHIZU, Nobuyo KATO, Shigeru MORINOBU, Noriki NAGAO, Yuko YAMAN ...
    1988 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 54-60
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Methyl bromide has been widely used in Japan to fumigate grains and wood. One death and 3 cases of hospitalization resulted from exposure to methyl bromide at place of residince. These 4 cases were notemployed and were members of one family living above a warehouse, the ground level of this building was a warehouse where herbs were stored and the second floor was their living area.
    On the 13th of May 1978 at 7:00p.m., the herbs were fumigated with methyl bromide gas. The fumigator used 15kg of methyl bromide (2 cylinders), a quantity far greater than usual. It is assumed that the concentration in the warehouse was between 10, 000-15, 000ppm.
    Early in the morning on the 16th of May (3 days later), one of the family members, a 12-year-old girl, developed severe convulsions, and later 2 others also had severe convulsions, while the other suffered from marked mental confusion.
    The serum or plasma bromide ion level ranged from 280 to 600ppm. The results of the clinical laboratory test showed that GOT exceeded the normal level in 3 out of the 4 cases. Moreover, LDH activity was above the normal range in 3 cases and CPK activity was increased in all the cases.
    The main method of treatment was hemodialysis.
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  • 1988 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 61-70
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • 1988 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 70-71
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • 1988 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 72
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • 1988 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 72a-74
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (210K)
  • 1988 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 78
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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