産業医学
Online ISSN : 1881-1302
Print ISSN : 0047-1879
ISSN-L : 0047-1879
32 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1~12を表示しています
  • 井谷 徹
    1990 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 317
    発行日: 1990年
    公開日: 2009/03/26
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 塩基性染料の結果
    中村 清一, 小坂 博, 川上 学, 松岡 縁, 松岡 洋人, 森本 兼曩
    1990 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 319-335
    発行日: 1990年
    公開日: 2009/03/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    In the present study, SOS-inducing activity of 76 basic dyes was investigated by umu test using Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 under the condition of absence and presence of rat liver microsomal fraction. The test was carrid out with five doses of basic dyes (400, 120, 40, 12, and 4 μg/ml). The samples showing β-galactosidase activity more than 1.5-fold over the background level were reexamined and the dose-response curves were prepared at various doses. Thereafter, samples showing β-galactosidase activity unit more than 1.5-fold of the background level were defined as genotoxic. Among the basic dyes examined, 13 compounds induced umu gene expression. The potent genotoxic compounds without metabolic activation were Blue 40, Blue 47, Brown 14, Orange 30, Red 24, Violet 30, Violet 31, Yellow 13 (h), Yellow 19, Yellow 25, Yellow 67, and Yellow 73 and in the presence of S9, Orange 47 was judged as genotoxic in addition to the aforementioned dyes. An evident dose-response relationship between the doses of the dye and umu gene expression was observed in these 13 dyes.
  • 第2部 精神障害者の経過の追跡と転帰
    中村 豊
    1990 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 336-348
    発行日: 1990年
    公開日: 2009/03/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    A mental health program was commenced in 1957 in an electric power company which has about 360 offices and 17, 000 employees scattered throughout Kyushu. During a period of 30 years from 1957 to 1986, a total of 949 mentally ill employees sought consultation regarding various mental health problems.
    Following the initial interview, periodic follow-up study was made on them. The results showed that year-end prevalence rate increased with continuation of mental health work and the rate reached 0.73% in the recent 5 years.
    At the end point of the study, 358 employees (37.7% of the subjects) were working in the company and 591 cases (62.3%) had retired. The number retiring before reaching retirement age was 228 cases (24.0%) and in particular, retirement due to death and retirement due to disease in the subjects were higher in rate than those of all employees of the company.
  • 保利 一, 田中 勇武, 秋山 高
    1990 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 350-351
    発行日: 1990年
    公開日: 2009/03/26
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 高島 豊, 鈴木 浩一, 一杉 正治, 高田 勗
    1990 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 352-353
    発行日: 1990年
    公開日: 2009/03/26
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 横山 和仁, 荒記 俊一, 大須賀 淳一, 苅田 達郎, 黒川 峰夫, 幸田 和久
    1990 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 354-355
    発行日: 1990年
    公開日: 2009/03/26
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 吉良 尚平, 野上 祐作, 緒方 正名
    1990 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 356-365
    発行日: 1990年
    公開日: 2009/03/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    Machine oils are widely used in metal processing and many workers are exposed to oil mists in the work environment. Some investigators have pointed out such health hazards due to prolonged exposure to oil mist as respiratory disorders, dermatitis, and possible carcinogenesis. In Japan, a permissible limit of oil mists of 3 mg/m3 was recommended in 1977 by the Japan Association of Industrial Health (JAIH) mainly based on the hazardous effects on the respiratory system. After this recommendation was made, only a few studies have been made on the measurement of oil mists and on the health effects in machine workers to deterimine whether the the permissible limit is justifiable or not. In the present study, the levels of oil mists in the air of machine workshops were measured together with personal exposure levels by personal samplers. Oil mists were collected by a sampler head with 2 stages which enabled differentiation of distribution of particulates between larger than 10 μm and 2-10 μm in size. Oil components collected on the stainless steel stages were washed out by sonication in CCl4 solution and measured by an oil meter with infra-red spectrometry against a standard solution of heavy oil class B according to procedures reported elsewhere by the authors. Questionnaire surveys were also conducted on 308 male machine workers composed of 221 workers exposed to oil mists and 87 nonexposed controls. The questions were composed of five items about air quality in the work environment and 18 subjective symptoms during work and daily lives. The symptoms included nasopharyngeal, muco-dermal, gastrointestinal and neuro-muscular symptoms. Statistical analysis was made by the Manthel-Haenszel method for a comparison of “yes” rates of complaints between the exposed and the non-exposed by adjusting the underlying confounding factor of age distribution.
    1. The levels of oil mists measured here ranged from 94 to 813 μg/m3 in the ambient air and from 107 to 483 μg/m3 of personal exposure. There was no obvious difference between the level in the ambient air and that of personal exposure. All these measured levels were under the permissible limit (3 mg/m3) recommended by JAIH in 1977.
    2. The observed distribution of particulate size of oil mists from 2 to 10 μm referred to as respirable size was 32.8±16.1% generated from the grinding machines using water-soluble type of machine oils and 50.0±12.4% from those using insoluble type.
    3. The exposed group complained of “a hazy air, ” “wish to use fans” and “disagreeable smell” in the work environment at a higher rate than the non-exposed with a statistical difference (p<0.05). The above 3 items showed greater “yes” responses among the higher exposed group (495-813 μg/m3) than the group exposed to lower level (94-430 μg/m3) and the non-exposed group in descending order.
    4. The higher the exposure level, the more “yes” responses were observed in the questions regarding “nose irritation” and “unpleasant taste” during work and daily lives.
    The results obtained suggest that workers dealing with machine oils complained of dissatisfaction with their work environment even below the permissible limit for oil mists. The combined assessment made by the measurement of the levels of oil mists and the questionnaire survey of subjective symptoms among workers is considered to be a useful strategy for the prevention of health hazards and the improvement in the amenity of work environment.
  • 永田 知里, 吉田 英世, ミルボード M.S., 岩田 弘敏
    1990 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 366-370
    発行日: 1990年
    公開日: 2009/03/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    Vibration of hand-held tools is considered to induce disorders in the peripheral circulation, peripheral nerve and organs, muscles, bones and joints (vibration syndrome). Above all, Raynaud's phenomenon is known as a prominent sign of vibration syndrome.
    This paper describes the findings obtained from the observation of the skin of the hands exposed to vibration and evaluates the relation between Raynaud's phenomenon and cutaneous changes. A total of 124 chain-saw workers in a forestry company in Gifu Prefecture were investigated in connection with compulsory health examination. In medical occupational interview, every worker was asked whether he had any experience of Raynaud's phenomenon or not. Moreover, the following symptoms of the skin and nails of the hand (s) were examined: 1. sclerodactylia, 2. pitting scar, 3. edema, 4. erythema around the nail, and 5. elongation and bleeding of proximal nailfolds and cuticles. To determine whether vibration induces the above mentioned cutaneous changes, the relation between the prevalence of the changes and the duration of exposure to vibration was assessed. The workers were classified into four groups by duration of exposure to vibration (in intervals of 10 years). The evaluation was made by comparing the prevalence of cutaneous changes between the workers with Raynaud's phenomenon and those without it. Subjects were restricted in age from 40 to 59 years.
    There was a significant relationship between age and duration of exposure (p<0.001). The prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon was significantly high among the workers in the fifties (15.8%). The prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon was significantly increased in workers with longer exposure. The prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon was 6.9% in workers in the forties. Though the prevalence of sclerodactylia and elongation and bleeding of proximal nailfolds and cuticles was higher in workers in the fifties than those in the forties, (1. 34.7% in the 50 s, 24.1% in the 40 s 5. 27.4% in the 50 s, 17.2% in the 40 s), no relation could be demonstrated between the duration of exposure and the prevalence of cutaneous changes. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of cutaneous changes between the workers with Raynaud's phenomenon and those without Raynaud's phenomenon.
  • 1990 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 371-379
    発行日: 1990年
    公開日: 2009/03/26
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 日本産業衛生学会
    1990 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 381-401
    発行日: 1990年
    公開日: 2009/03/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    ここに述べる,有害物質の許容濃度,および騒音,衝撃騒音,高温,全身振動などの各許容基準は,これらの環境要因による労働者の健康障害を予防するための手引きに用いられることを目的として,日本産業衛生学会が勧告するものである.
  • 日本産業衛生学会許容濃度等に関する委員会
    1990 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 402-423
    発行日: 1990年
    公開日: 2009/03/26
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 1990 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 433
    発行日: 1990年
    公開日: 2009/03/26
    ジャーナル フリー
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