Journal of Information Processing and Management
Online ISSN : 1347-1597
Print ISSN : 0021-7298
ISSN-L : 0021-7298
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Volume 58, Issue 12
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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Article
  • The possibility of applying Ethical, Legal and Social Implications (ELSI) to information technology : A historical background
    Tatsuhiro KAMISATO
    2016 Volume 58 Issue 12 Pages 875-886
    Published: March 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1241/johokanri.58.875
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    In this paper, we consider conditions that information technology, which has been accomplishing rapid development in recent years, will develop appropriately in our society, based on the history of social aspects of science and technology, and that of ethics of bioscience. Concretely speaking, after understanding the brief history of the public view of science and technology, we discuss the idea of "skepticism on science and technology" that spread around 1970. We then examine the ethical issues that appeared in life science, especially in molecular biology. Furthermore, as an extension of such a movement, the research program "Ethical, Legal and Social Implications (ELSI)", advocated in connection with the "Human Genome Project" initiated in 1990, will be described. In addition, the status quo and prospects of the application of ELSI to information technology research is considered by reference to the cases of EU and Japan.
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  • Prosthetic hand and physical expansion : Toward the realization of the technology to redefine disability
    Masahiro KASUYA, Ryu KATO, Takehiko TAKAGI, Sumio ITO, Shinichiro TAKA ...
    2016 Volume 58 Issue 12 Pages 887-899
    Published: March 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1241/johokanri.58.887
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    This paper describes a prosthetic hand for both complementing the function of the hand and for enhancing the function of the body. Types, structures and the operational principles of traditional prosthetic hands are explained, and then the details of prosthetic hands that are controlled by the user's electromyogram (EMG), which is the principal subject of this paper, are also explained. The EMG prosthetic hand was first developed over half a century ago; however, there have been no major changes in the control strategy of EMG prosthetic hands in their long history. Although the traditional EMG control strategy is optimized for EMG prosthetic hands with single degrees of freedom, these days EMG prosthetic hands with multiple degrees of freedom are becoming available on the market, and as a result, many people have difficulties with controlling them. Our research group has developed a novel intuitive EMG controller for prosthetic hands with multiple degrees of freedom, and the developed EMG controller outlines the possibility for physical expansion. Finally, we outline the change in society based on this technology, and its possible future expansion.
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  • Open innovation drug discovery : Identification of potential inhibitors based on compound proposal contest
    Masakazu SEKIJIMA
    2016 Volume 58 Issue 12 Pages 900-907
    Published: March 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1241/johokanri.58.900
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    Novel drug discovery is generally considered to be a time-consuming and expensive process. A typical drug discovery process takes 12 - 14 years and costs approximately 2.6 billion dollars. CADD (computer-aided drug discovery) can be combined with data from large-scale genomic amino acid sequences, three-dimensional (3D) protein structures, and small chemical compounds and can be used in various drug discovery steps. CADD approaches are divided into two major categories: protein structure-based (SB) and ligand-based (LB) methods. We held a compound proposal contest, in which multiple research groups participated and predicted inhibitors of a target protein. In the contest, a library of 2.2 million compounds was provided and proposed compounds from each participant group were purchased; these were then tested with an inhibitory assay. Such a large number aimed to simulate a real CADD-oriented procedure. In the open drug discovery contest, we have published the compound and methodology that was used. We also showed comparison to understand the effect of methodologies for selecting compounds.
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  • Online availability of articles published in Japanese society journals
    Sho SATO, Mao UEDA, Aya KIHARA, Shiori NARUMIYA, Sayaka HAYASHI, Mami ...
    2016 Volume 58 Issue 12 Pages 908-918
    Published: March 01, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1241/johokanri.58.908
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    This study clarifies the online availability of 1,209,674 articles published in Japanese society journals between 2002 and 2013. The study consists of three sections; 1) link analysis of CiNii Articles, 2) comparing investigation with J-STAGE and Medical Online, 3) a manual Google search. Three surveys concluded that more than 70% of articles published in Japanese society journals were available online. Articles written in English and articles in natural sciences were more available than others. However, only 43.7% of articles in humanities and 51.5% in social sciences were available online.
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