Getting a hint from immunologic specificity of bacterial polysaccharide, the author, with Julianelle's method modified by Hosoya, isolated the polysaccharide-like substance from cellabundant and actively proliferous cancerous tissue, and applying it as antigen to patient serum in the precipitation reaction, got the following good results in diagnosis of cancer and other malignant tumors.
1) Obtained diagnosis rates are as follows:
the positive results in case of patients with cancer, sarcoma and other malignant tumors ……88%;
the negative results in case of patients of benign lesions ……85.1%;
the average hitting rate in total cases ……86.5%.
However, the differential diagnosis between cancer and sarcoma is impossible.
2) Cancerous tissue applied as antigen, when it is abundant in cells and increasing actively, shows better precipitation reaction (71.7-97.1%).
Precipitation reaction by the antigen isolated from a ripe pracenta shows the result of 71.8%.
While, the antigen isolated from non-cancerous tissue shows no reaction.
3) Substance of antigen consists mostly of polysaccharide, very small quantity of protein or protein-like substance being mixed in.
4) The antigen isolated from cancerous tissue by an improved method of resolution with bile, shows a successful result.
5) The application of serum-diluting method makes better result, but this does not agree with the results of complement fixation reaction and skin test. Though the true character of this precipitation reaction is unknown at present, it seems to be something like an immunologic specific reaction.
6) Above mentioned reaction is found to be pretty much available in early diagnosis, while it is of no avail in prognostic judgment.

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The author, with Shetlar's method, determined the serum polysaccharide of patients of cancer, sarcoma and tuberculosis; of patients of benign lesions; and of healthy persons; thus obtaining the following results.
1) In cases of cancer and sarcoma patients, the serum polysaccharide level is significantly elevated. The elevation is also found in case of tuberculous patients.
2) In 35 out of 43 cases (81.3%) of cancer and sarcoma patients, the ratio of nonglucosamine polysaccharide to serum total protein is not less than 2.0%.
3) The same ratio as above is found in 7 out of 40 cases of benign lesion patients and healthy persons. In them 1 case of Banti's disease, 3 cases of Graves' disease and 2 cases of struma are included.
4) This proves to be a diagnostic aid of cancer.
5) The serum polysaccharide level is also elevated by operation.
6) The surgical removal of cancer induces the fall of serum polysaccharide level, but this is hardly available in prognosis.
7) When the extract of cancerous tissue is injected into a rabbit, its serum polysaccharide level is elevated, and α-globulin also increaes parallelly.

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The authors have collected mosquitoes with light-trap twice a week from April to December, 1959 at Okayama city.
Species, number and seasonal distribution of the mosquitoes collected in 1956 were practically the same as those of the average year, while the encephalitis cases reported from within the city area were 337 as against 309 in 1950, the peak of the endemicity following as usual that of activity of the mosquitoes involved.

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A kind of albuminous substance and polysaccharide were extracted by treating with trichloroacetic acid and absolute alcohol, and heat and dialysis, respectively, from the body fluid and the water soluble part of the dried body tissue of human Ascaris.
The former substance was positive for albuminous colour reaction, rabbit skin test, as well as for precipitin test tried on the rabbit immune serum, while the latter substance was negative for all of the three tests.
From the results of the above tests it may be concluded that this substance has a toxic effect upon rabbits.

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I, by dint of Bielschowsky-Seto's silverimpregnation, examined the nerve distribution at the arterial system of bone-marrow of rabbit's femur; results were as follows:
1) As to the intra-bone-marrow nerves, some are seen to run through those foramen nutriciums, while others stand in view to run through Haversian canals; compared to the former, which occupies the greater half of innervation within bone-marrows, the latter appears only at parts.
2) In large arteries, nerves run in paralell, forming a thick nerve-bundle, in which, bifurcate in accordance with bifurcation of arteries themselves.
3) As to middle arteries, the nerve-bundle is seen to bifurcate and scatter in a great degree, indicating a much complicated picture; moreover certain terminal reticulums (Stöhr).
4) As for small arteries, the nerve bundle becomes thinner in its proportion with the decrease of innervation; and it runs merely in paralell with arteries.
5) From the above observations, I found that the minutest innervation is seen in those middle arteries; therefore, one may known that contraction or enlargement of middle arteries, of all those arterial systems within bone-marrow, play a most important role for the inhibition or mobilization of blood cells within bone-marrow.

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I, having examined the innervation both in parenchyma and veins as well as arteries of bone-marrow of rabbit's femur, by dint of Bielschowsky-Seto's silverimpregnation, obtained the following results.
1) Among those nerves distributed in the parenchyma, some appear to be derived from nerve-bundles running paralell to arteries, some forming bundles, while others appear to run solitary, only two or three fibres having been jointed. Besides, there are some that run straight; while others stand in view to take crooked routes.
2) The amount of nerve fibres in parenchyma comprises, compared with that in arterial system, a marked decrease: there is recognized no direct correlation with those parenchymatous cells; neither one can defect any terminal reticulum nor sensory nerve. So that from the above morpholgical observations of nerve distribution, it is difficult for one to suppose the nerves have influence on the parenchyma of bonemarrows directly.
3) Most of the nerves distributed in veinal system are derived from nerves distributed in arteries; but their distribution amount has proved to be very poor and merely seen in those small venous sinusoid around the arteries; no innervation marked in main veins. From these morpholcgical observations, it is held that the veinal system should not hold any mastery situation as to the inhibition and mobilization of blood cells within bone-marrow.

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I have succeeded to obtain results as follows, by taking examination on the nerve distribution within bone-marrows of human, caw's, and cat's femur.
1) In case of human, or cow's femur, the nerve entered into the bone-marrow, together with nutrient artery, forming a thick primary trunk nerve bundle; whence, it branches the secondary trunk nerve bundle, from which again nerve fibres are divided which directly distribute to arterial walls. Moreover, nerve plexus is formed here and there at the arterial walls immediately after its entry; esp., good development can be seen in cow's case. As for a cat's, a thick nerve bundle runs paralell to arteries, derivating from it certain nerve fibres distributed towards arterial walls. Also as to middle arteries, nerve distribution presents most minute, while in the small ones, indicated very poor.
2) In venous system, nerves are merely seen in partial small venous sinusoid, but in a cat's case, it is detected to certain extent.
From the above, one may know that even in human, caw. and cat, contraction or enlargement of middle arteries play a most important role for the inhibition or mobilization of blood cells within bonemarr^ow.
3) The innervation in parenchyma proves very poor for all the three, finding neither nerve plexus nor any terminal reticulum. From all these, nerves are seemed not to have important significance for the formation of blood cells in bone-marrow.

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1) The basal narcosis using Ravona, Amithal and 2% Pantopon scopolamine made no variation of blood coagulating time and platelets number.
2) During the intravenous anesthesia with Penthothal sodium the blood coagulating time was delayed temporally directly after the anesthesia. Concurring with it the number of platelets decreased but soon recovered. At this time the decrease of platelets was striking especially in the venous blood.
3) During the endotracheal anesthesia with cyclopropaine the blood coagulating time was reduced one hour after the anesthesia temporally. It was then delayed with the progress of anesthesia. The blood platelets increased and decreased according with it. They were striking in the venous blood.
4) During the endotracheal anesthesia with ether the blood coagulating time showed a distinct reduce with the progress of anesthesia and even after the end of the anesthesia its recovery was delayed. The blood platelets distinctly increased and its recovery was also distinctly delayed. These variations were characteristically more striking in the arterial blood.
5) By the anesthesia using cyclopropaine and nitrous oxide together the variation of blood coagulating time and platelets number were alike to that during the anesthesia with cyclopropaine, but they were very variable after the anesthesia.
6) The platelets variation in all kind of anesthesia was parallel with that of blood coagulating.

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The rise and fall of the Opsonine rate in the blood during various general anesthesia was investigated.
1) The basal narcosis scarsely gave influences upon the Opsonin rate.
2) During the intravenous anesthesia using Penthothal sodium the Opsonin rate fell to the bottom at the second hour of anesthesia.
3) During the endotracheal anesthesia with cyclopropaine the Opsonine rate showed its least value also at the second hour.
4) During the endotracheal anesthesia with ether, the Opsonin rate showed a gradule and marked increase with the progress of anesthesia.
5) During the endotracheal anesthesia using cyclopropaine and nitrous oxide together the Opsonin rate decreased markedly and after hours it showed the least value, then began to increase from the third day after anesthesia and on the 7th and 14th days, it recovered to the rate before the anesthesia.
6) During the endotracheal anesthesia using the combination of cyclopropaine, nitrous oxide and ether, the Opsonin rate decreased markedly at the first hour of the anesthesia then considerably increased at the second hour but considerably decreased at the third hour. And it gradually increased from the third day after the anesthesia.
7) During the endotracheal anesthesia using nitrous oxide and ether, it decreased markedly at the first hour of anesthesia, while it showed gradual decrease from second hour to 7th day after anesthesia.
8) By oxygen inhalation the Opsonin rate showed a slight decrease temporally, but it recovered at the end of inhalation.
9) The influence of various general anesthesia upon the Opsonin rate in blood was independend of the blood coagulating time and the number of the platelets.

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1) The basal narcosis caused no change of the serum sterilizing power.
2) In the intravenous anesthesia using penthothal sodium the sterilizing power showed a temporal decline but after the end of anesthesia it slightly increased.
3) In the endotracheal anesthsia with cyclopropaine, the sterilizing power always showed a marked decline.
4) In the endotracheal anesthsia with ether, the sterilizing power showed a temporal decline during and after anesthesia.
5) In the endotracheal anesthesia using cyclopropaine and nitrous oxide or with additional ether together, the serum sterilizing power varied as well as in that using cyclopropaine only, but did not decline so distinctly.
6) The variation of sterilizing power in the endotracheal anesthesia using nitrous oxide and ether together showed a very gradual decline and then also gradually recovered.
7) The variation of the sterilizing power caused by oxygen inhalation showed clear increment with the beginn of inhalation namely the oxygen inhalation is very important for protecting sterilizng power of serum from inhibition of it.
8) The influence of various general anesthesia upon the serum sterilizing power was independent from tne Opsonin rate in the blood coagulating time and the number of platelets.

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This paper were described on the statistical observations on the occurrence of syphilis, gonorrhea, ulcus molle and lymphogranulomatosis inguinalis in the past four years (from 1951 to 1954) which were reported to the Okayama Health Center.

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The authors studied patients of cancer of the uterine cervix treated by radiation duriug 1934 to 1954, in the Gynecoloèical Department of Okayama Univ. Med. Sch., with especial reference to the so-called “cachexia” in carcinoma. The so-called cachexia were 96 cases (4.8%) out of 1, 974 cases in all, and many of them were in their fifties. There were no relation to the delivery, cancer disposition nor to tuberculous history. The so-called cachexia increased in number with progress of cancer, and 81% of them were seen in Stages III & IV. Although, the primary location of cancer had no relation to its frequency, there were many cases with cancerous infiltration in the vaginal wall and 6 cases which were complicated with metastatic Virchow's glands.
Most of the cases showed haemograms for example, R. B. C.: less than 2 millions, W. B. C.: more than 9, 000, Haemoglobin: less than 60% Sahli, Sediment test: more than 80 mm an hour.
During the radiological treatment they were frequently complicated with primary death during hospitalisation, parametritis, severe hemorrhage, thrombosis and vaginal fistula. Blood tranfusion to such cachectic patients revealed that no serious by-effects were observed, but a febrile reaction was 38.0%. As to the fate of the cachectics it was noted that primary death 15.7%, death cases within 1 year was about 2/3 and that the 5 year survival was 11.4%.

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The author has studied 726 cases of cancer of the uterine cervix, as to the influence of pelvic drainage on dysuria and urinary fistulation after the Okabayashi's radical hysterectomy.
Beginning of spontaneous void was 15.5 days after operation on an average. Among cases in which spontaneous void occurred within 2 weeks, there was no marked difference according to cases of non-drained, drained paracoccygeally and drained coccygeally.
The occurence of retroperitoneal infection was considerably low in the drained cases and in the cases of non-drained. but with open vaginal stump, comparing to the cases in which the vaginal stump was closed primarily. But postoperative urinary infections occured frequently equally in both of drained and non-drained cases. The rate of dysuria became higher in groups complicating retroperitoneal or the urinary infections. When there were no postoperative complications, the rate of dysuria was equal in both drained and non-drained cases. The postoperative urinary fistulation was in 29 cases (4.0%) out of 719; 8 cases (3.5%) out of 228 cases of paracoccygeal drainage, 21 cases (4.3%) out of 488 cases non-drained: there were no remarkable differences in this sampling. The urinary fistulation was highly influenced by injury during operation and postoperativ retroperitoneal infection.

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In recent years, the clinical application of electromyogram has advanced extremely. But this clinical electromyogram is located principally on the single unit electromyogram by the co-axial needle electrode. Accordingly the author has undertaken a basic study in order to clarify the clinical value of the electromyogram by the skin surface electrode.
Then, for a portion of this study, the frequency spectrum of the surface electrode electromyogram had been examined by Fouriers integration analysis.
(1) The pattern of the surface electrode electromyogram had been examined by function theory, and explained its meaning of the frequency sqectrum of the surface electrode electromyogram by Fouriers analysis from next stand point. Standing in this point, next theory should be recognized; the electromyogram can not mean the direct record of an action potential of a muscle fiber or a muscle fascicle, and electromyogram includes in it necessarily the variation of charactristics of the electrofield, viz. an organism (expressed as volum conductor), and the charactristics of amplifier and recorder. Those charactristics are expressed by number of coefficients by frequency.
(2) The frequency spectrum of the surface electrode electromyogram fluctuates by the method of pick-up, acting state of a muscle, individuarity and etc.
(3) At standerd state this frequency spectrum mainly distributes from 10c. (cycle per second) to 600c., and essential parts of this spectrum distributes from 20c. to 70c.
(4) The study on the origin of those fluctuation will be explained in the next part.

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For three years from 1950, the author had made studies on each case of the so-called “Izumi-Fever” which had been prevalent in Okayama prefecture, and had also statistically contemplated the reaults. The author, moreover, made many experiments about the infection routes, using the agent isolated from the patients. The results are as follows:
1) The incidence takes at first the type of mass outbreak and then gradually shifts to that of sporadic one.
2) As for the infection routes, both of the water-borne and droplet infections seem to be possible.
3) There are not rare, but rather many cases of the secondary infection.
4) In order to corroborate the inference obtained by the epidemiological studies on the infection routes, the author gave the pathogenic agent to hamsters and mice by various routes; in this experiment, the alimentary and droplet infections were established, but the one by insects was not successful.

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Conceding that a great progress of cancer researches is opening up a new phase in the treatment of cancers and realizing an early operation is at the present a sole approach to the gastric-cancer therapy, an early diagnosis seems to be the most important, daily clinical problem we have to face. In view of this we have attempted to grasp the true nature of gastric-cancer patients by a series of epidemiologic and symptomatologic observations statistically on the hospitalized patients during the past 12 years, and outpatients for the past 2 years of our clinic.
From our observations we find that the most likely ages of the onset of cancers range from 50 to 60, and that the gastric cancer developing at an early age is found more predominantlyin female. Moreover, in the farm districts, the proportion of female patients far surpasses that of any other occupation. Of all the cancer cases treated during the 12-year periods, the gastric cancer occupied 45 per cent. Of all the outpatients during the two-year periods, 27.8 per cent proved to be suffering from digestive organs; and the gastric cancer cases occupied 5.7 per cent of the latter.
Now, it is impossible, simply by its symptoms, to differentiate the gastric cancer from such diseases as the gastric and the duodenal ulcers, and gastritis; as the symptom and chief complaint of the patients at its onset are epigastric pain, the foremost, followed by feeling of full and tension in the epigastrium, and eructation and heart burn, and since all of these have practically no distinguishable difference from those of the latter.
Of the total patients, the cases impossible of operation reached as high as 39 per cent while those being operated on but ending only in laparotomy proved to be 15 per cent, and the ones on whom the gastric resection had proved a success were merely 8.8 per cent.
It is, moreover, interesting to note that despite as high as 75.8 per cent of the cases having palpable abdominal tumors at the time of admission, the ones whose Virchow's gland and other lymphatic glands had been palpable were extremely little: no more than 0.6 per cent. The occult blood reaction of stool was positive in 71 per cent, and 18 per cent of gastric cancer patients were of either normal or hyper acidity; and 61 per cent of the total had abnormal defecation (constipation, diarrhea, etc.). As for complications, helminthiasis is predominant (30%). This fact is worthy of an attention, for symptoms resulting from helminth's attacks often obscure those of gastric cancer.
Reviewing the statistical data so far mentioned, we realize keenly how little early diagnosis of gastric cancer is being carried out and how difficult it is to carry this out; at the same time we have learned, on the other hand, how essential and beneficial it is to grasp epidemiologic and symptomatologic problems for its diagnosis.

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Experiments have been performed to examine the phagocytosis of human blood leucocytes on which high hydrostatic pressure has been applied.
The results were as follows:
1) At 50-100 atm. pressure, there was no difference in phagocytes number against control for 30-60 min., but increase for 120 min.
2) At 200-2000 atm. pressure, the difference in phagocytes number was found as compared with control for 30-120 min. The higher the pressure was, the less phagocytes was.
3) The rate of phagocytosis average degree showed a tendency to be same with the rate of positive degree of phagocytosis.
4) At one atmospheric pressure, monocytes have the most powerful phagocytic activity, then come neutrophilic, eosinophilic leucocytes and lymphocyte in the order of their phagocytic activity. Especially, lymphocytes show no fluctuation on the rate of positive degree of phagocytosis for almost any time under pressure. Phagocytosis of lymphocytes has not been effected by pressure.
5) Phagocytic activity of monocytes and neutrophilic leucocytes have been influenced by pressure, but eosinophilic leucocytes and lymphocytes less than the two formers.
6) It was discussed whether the effect of high hydrostatic pressure on phagocytosis of leucocytes is caused by the alternation of the surface tention between leucocyte and its surrounding medium, and the streaming of leucocytes protoplasma.
7) For the soap solution-petroleum system, the interfacial tention decreases under pressure (0-500 atm.).

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The pressure does not change the amount of PO₄ permeating into the outer medium from blood erythrocytes.
The amount of P³² entrance into erythrocytes from the outer medium is equal to the control at 50-100 atm. pressure, probably increases 200-1000 atm. pressure. Particularly, the higher the pressure is, the more remarkable this effect is.
The electric conductivity of the erythrocyte plasma membrane increases during and after the compression.
The permeation of Cl into the medium from erythrocytes is augmented by pressure (200-1000 atm.).
Summaring above, the permeability of the erythrocyte plasma membrane appears to increase at high pressure.

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Effects of high hydrostatic pressure on rabbit reticulocytes themselves and their maturation phenomenon were examined.
The results as follows:
1) There are no morphorologically unusual forms on compressed reticulocytes stained by the May-Giemsa's methode.
2) Remarkable difference on the rate of the reticulocyte number is not proved between the normal and the compressed blood (100-1500 atm. pressure)
3) The rate of the reticulocyte number has a tendency to be low under the pressure of about 1000-1500 atm. pressure.
After all, the author has not been able to prove effects of the high hydrostatic pressure on reticulocyte maturation phenomenon is unable by these methods.

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Experiments have been performed on leucocytes in peripheral blood of rabbit to study the effect of high hydrostatic pressure on their degenerative changes and collapse.
The results are as follows:
1) Leucocyte number of all sorts decrease with the lapse of time. Especially pseudoeosinophilic leucocyte has this tendency remarkablly, but basophilic leucocyte undistinctly.
2) Under action of pressure, the more the pressure increases, the higher the tendency of decrease of leucocyte. The decrease per-centage of lymphocyte number are lower than that of pseudoeosinophilic leucocyte, but basophilic leucocyte lowest.
3) As the leucocyte forms are changed by strong compression (500-1500 atm. pressure), degeneration factors can not be proved. Some original methods appear to be neccessary to prove the effects of high pressure on leucocyte.
4) From these results man can suppose that the resistance of lymphocyte is stronger than that of pseudoeosinophilic leucocyte and that of basophilic leucocyte is stronger than that of eosinophilic leucocyte and monocyte. But it seems to be dangerous to decide the all tendency of last three sorts of leucocytes, because they are very few in whole number.

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Experiments have been performed to examin differences of O₂ consumption of frog's muscle (M. sartorius) on which applied 300 atm. pressure for 30 min. and stimulating electrically. At that time muscles had constracted.
The results were as follows:
1) There were no differences on O₂ consumption of muscle on which applied pressure and stimulating electrically.
2) It has been supposed that there were no differences of metabolism of contracted muscle and tetanus.
3) On the lower temperature of 18°C. O₂ consumption of stimulated muscle electrically have been increased a little more than that of applied pressure. (increased avarage 23%)
4) It has been supposed that the pressure stimulus of lower than 300 atm. pressure did not become a sufficient stimulus of contraction, and higher pressure than 300 atm. pressure had been able to be pressure to increase the O₂ consumption of muscle.

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These experiments have been performed to make a study of effects of the high hydrostatic pressure on the dissolutions ability of cholinesterase contained in frog's muscle (M. sartorius) to acetylcholine.
The method of measuring the amount of acetylcholine was the biological method.
It has been able to suppose to be no effects at 60-200 atm. pressure on cholinesterase, but sometimes to be an effect of acceleratory action of cholinesterase at 200-300 atm. pressure, at 400-500 atm. pressure there were no effects again, and at 800-1500 atm. pressure there was an effect of inhibitory action of cholinesterase.

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To test the Nakane's hypothesis (1952) by his method which perfuses with Ringer's solution on the organs, experiments have now been performed on isolated frog's heart allowed to beats for many hours until they stopped.
I have been found to be reversal action of Adrenaline additing of Adrenaline under these circumstances, and this phenomenon has been expected to the Nakane's hypothesis.

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The toxicity of emulsified methylparathion, diazinon, chlorthion and sumicide examined in comparison with that of ethylparathion in laboratory rabbit. The results were as follows.
1) All these compounds were absorbed by means of dermal, oral, subcutaneous snd intravenous application. Methylparathion was 1/21/4, chlorthion was 1/31/8 and sumicide was 1/25 as toxic as ethylparathion, but diazinon was toxic as much the same.
2) These compounds produced a marked depression of cholinesterase (ChE) activities of both serum and red blood cell in all subjects examined. The ChE inactivation caused by methylparathion and sumicide slower than that of the others.
3) The main symptoms caused by exposure to these compounds were alike to those produced by ethylparathion.
4) With the application of these compouuds, the changes of hemoglobin and red blood cell count were not remarkable, except in the sumicide case which the decrease of both occured 2 to 3 days after the administration. There occured, as the case of ethylparathion, leucocytosis, mainly occupied by pseudoeosinophils with the deflection of Arneth count to the left as well as relative lymphocytopenia.

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The tissue cholinesterase (ChE) activity in normal rabbit was the highest in the central nervous system, and was high following descending order; liver, spleen, erythrocyte, lung, serum, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, heart and muscle.
By a subcutaneous parathion injection, there occured the changes of ChE both in the tissues and blood as follows.
1) At the time of death caused by the administration of 100 mg/kg of parathion, the ChE in serum, erythrocyte and central nervous system were inhibited strongly than that in the others and the inhibition of liver ChE was the slightest.
2) On the case of the administration of 5 mg/kg of parathion, the inhibition of ChE was great in blood, slight in the liver and moderate in the central nervous system.
On this case, the inhibition of ChE in the tissue was maximum after 6-12 hours, and the restoration of it was after 11 days, but in the kidney both were slower than the others.

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From the clinical point of view, the effect of PAM are summarized as follows.
1) By the administration of PAM, there occured prompt and complete relief of the symptoms of poisoning.
2) The cholinesterase (ChE) activity of red blood cell was instantly and completely recovered and that of serum was transiently.
3) Generally a intravenous injection of 1g PAM was sufficent and it is to be added if necessary.
4) The side effect has not been experienced.
5) PAM had no influence to the ChE activity of normal blood.
6) PAM is expected to be used as the preventive agent of alkylphosphate poisoning.

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It is well known that glutamic acid, as well as aspartic acid, plays an important role in the metabolism of microorganisms.
The author performed many experiments in order to study the physiological aspects of E. coli communis from the stand point of glutamic acid metabolism, and to apply it to the analysis of glutamic acid. The results were as follows:
1) E. coli can grow at any pH within the range from 5.4 to 8.0, but the growth is the best at pH 6.8 to 7.0.
2) The more remote from the optimum the cultural pH is, the nearer it comes to the optimum after the growth. This phenomenon is particularly remarkable on the acid side.
3) Using glutamic acid as substrate, the decarboxylation is chiefly carried out on the acid side, the deamination on the neutral or slightly alkaline side, and these two reactions are carried out simultaneously at pH 5.5 to 6.5. As for the optimum pH, pH 5.0 for decarboxylation and 7.0 for deamination.
4) The lower the cultural pH is, the higher the glutamic decarboxylase activity of the cultured organism becomes. The optimum reaction pH is, however, never shifted.
5) The E. coli, which was cultured in the pyridoxin-containing semi-synthetic medium, shows a very high activity to glutamic acid, but not to α-ketoglutaric acid, aspartic acid, alanine and pyruvic acid.
6) The aceton powder of the E. coli, which was cultured in the pyridoxin-containing semi-synthetic medium, still has the high glutamic decaboxylase activity. The optimum pH is from 4.4 to 5.1, where carbon dioxide is evolved quantitatively.

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As to the physiological or metabolic features of pathogenic staphylococci, there are only a few reports, compared with those of Escherichia coli which was treated in report I.
In this report, the author reports about the physiological aspects, particularly about the terminal respiratory system of Staphylococcus albus, entering from the studies of glutamic acid metabolism:
1) Staph. albus has the so-called citric acid cycle as its terminal respiratory ststem.
2) As a result of oxidative deamination, glutamic acid enters into the citric acid cycle and is further oxidized through this cycle. Glutamic acid is, however, best oxidized of all the intermediates of citric acid cycle and the related compounds.
3) Glutamic-aspartic and glutamic-alanic transaminations are carried out by this organism, in which glutamic acid plays the central role.
4) Divalent metal ions (Mg⁺⁺, Mn⁺⁺ and Fe⁺⁺) show no remarkable effect on the glutamate-respiration of Staph. albus.
5) Of the various inhibitors tested, sodium azide, 2: 4-dinitrophenol, sodium arsenite and 8-hydroxyquinoline inhibit the glutamate-respiration strongly, and the most remarkable is the inhibitive action of 8-hydroxyquinoline.
6) Of the various antibiotics used, the inhibitive action of aureomycin is the most remarkable. Penicillin also shows some inhibitive action at pH 5.4.
7) The inhibition of the glutamate-respiration of this organism by these various inhibitors and antibiotics shows usually the tendency to rise up in the region of lower pH.

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By the mix-culture of Bact. coli groups, which were isolated from the sound man's feces, with Sal. typhi in bouillon, the author found the following results:
1) There was observed the difference of bacterial antagonism due to the difference of types of Coli groups, but no difference due to that of the generations of mix-culture.
2) By the mix-culture, Coli communis and communior came to show the paragglutination with anti-typhoid serum (particularly with O-serum), and it was raised from generation to generation till the 10th generation and then fell down. This paragglutination tended to appear and disappear suddenly. The paragglutination after the enough repeated generations of mixculture was relatively stable.
3) The Bact. coli which was mix-cultured with Sal. typhi did not show any variation of its biological natures.

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By the mix-culture of Escherichia coli O₁O₂₅ by the Kauffman's classification with Salmonella typi in bouillon, the author obtained the following results:
1) Escherichia coli O₃, O₁₂ and O₁ were most powerfully agglutinated by anti-typhoid serum, of which the agglutination titer was 160× of the serum.
2) The bacterial antagonism of Escherichia coli to Salmonella typhi varied with the difference of types of the Coli groups, of which O₁, O₃, O₈, O₁₇ and O₂₃ were most powerfully antagonistic to Salmonella typhi.
3) Escherichia coli which was severely antagonistic to Salmonella typhi grew more rapidly than the not so one.

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