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Volume 71 (1959)
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Volume 70 (1958)
- Issue 12supplement Pa･･･
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Volume 65 (1953)
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Volume 64 (1952)
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Volume 70, Issue 7
Displaying 1-35 of 35 articles from this issue
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Yoshinori Daté1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2291-2305
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy applying three methods, namely, the precipitin reaction in acid medium with the antigen-antibody reaction, the measuring method of heat-noncoagulant protein in determining the serum mucoid content, and the methylene-blue reduction test using the oxdization phenomenon of sulfide ions, on the cancers occurring in the field of oto-rhino-laryngology as the follow-up study, the efficacy of these three methods has been evaluated. The following are the results of the present investigation:
In the case of cancer patient before treatment the reliability of the precipitin reaction in acid medium and the measuring method of heat-noncoagulant protein shows the average rate of 80 per cent in general; and these prove to be useful as auxiliary methods for diagnosis. However, the rate of the reliability of the methylene-blue reduction test is poor and therefore its usefulness in diagnosis is low. It is worthy of attention that all these tests gave relatively high rate of positive reaction even in the subjects with diseases such as pharyngeal tuberculosis, peritonsillar abcess and tumors other than cancer.
In applying these tests after the treatment, no significant difference can be recognized in the positive rate of methylene-blue reduction test as compared with that before threatment, but in the other two tests the positive rate has been markedly lowered, namely, cancer reaction tended to be negative.
With respect to the course after the treatment likewise the methylene-blue reduction test does not coincide with the course of the progress, and only in the case of pharyngeal cancer the recurrence of the cancer can be observed when pseudo-positive or positive continues. The other two methods usually coincide with the course; and in the majority of recurrence cases either positive reaction precedes the recurrence or it turns positive simultaneously with recurrence. Even in the cases with satisfactory improvement, these two methods generally coincide with the progress of the disease after treatment, but there have been a few cases which were positive yet without recurrence.View full abstractDownload PDF (981K) -
I: Purification of the Isolated Virus II: Electron Microscopic Study on the Isolated VirusRyohei Hashimoto1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2307-2320
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPurification and electron microscopic study of the virus isolated by Murakami et al. from the patients of infectious hepatitis in Okayama Prefecture were tried in parallel with animal experiments. The results are summarized as follows:
1) Of all the purification methods tried, the combination of infusion with a saline solution and centrifugation was proved to be the most excellent one for electron microscopic observation and animal experiments. The good efficiency and the simplicity of its procedures also made this method suitable for the purification of the virus of infectious hepatitis.
2) In electron micrographs, the viruses were observed as round or ovoid particles of abo t 50 mμ in diameter.
3) Inoculation of the material containing these particles into mice caused such pathological findings as previously reported by Murakami at el.; a high degree of degeneration or necrosis of liver parenchymal cells accompanied with various cell infiltrations. These observations led the author to the conclusion that the purified particles were nothing but the isolated hepatotropic viruses.View full abstractDownload PDF (5052K) -
Part I. On the Influences of Hypotension upon Electroencephalogram and Brain EdemaSusumu Namba1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2321-2340
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMany reports have recently concerned the problems that the hypotension with autonomic nerve blocking agents are effective to prevent shock or brain edema which are often seen in craniotomy.
The author studied these effects of anesthesia from the view points of electroencephalogram and brain water content.
With intraperitoneal injection of 10% Dial solution for premedication, and with C6 or Trapon as the hypotensive agents, dogs were anesthetized by endotracheal intubation with ether.
In the contrast group with only Dial and ether, the increase of delta index in E. E. G. as well as that of the free and total water were seen with the lapse of time after craniotomy.
In the group of hypotension (7080 mm Hg) only with C6 or Trapon. the increase of delta index was not seen and the brain water content showed no change.
In the group of hypotension with C6 or Trapon combined with ether anesthesia, slight decrease of delta index was seen and the brain water content showed no change.
From these results, it is proved that anesthesia with simple barbiturate or ether causes anoxia of the nerve cells, resulting in brain edema and that hypotension is effective to prevent it.View full abstractDownload PDF (22651K) -
Part II. On the Influences of Hypothermia upon Electroencephalogram and Brain EdemaSusumu Namba1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2341-2354
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is known that the hypothermic anesthesia with autonomic nerve blocking agents causes not only less bleeding, but also prevents shock or brain edema which is often seen in craniotomy.
The author studied these effects of potentiated narkosis or hypothermia from the view point of electroencephalogram and brain water content.
With intraperitoneal injection of 10% Dial solution for premedication in all cases and with chlorpromazine as the blocking agent, dogs were anesthetized by intratracheal intubation with ether, and were cooled by ice bags until the rectal temperature became about 34°32°C.
And the following results were obtained.
In the group of potentiated narkosis with Dial and chlorpromazine, the decrease of delta index was seen and the brain water contents showed no change compared with the contrast group.
In the group of hypothermia with chlorpromazine, the decrease of delta index was seen and the brain water content showed no change.
In the group of hypothermic anesthesia with chlorpromazine and ether, the result was the same as the former group.
By this study it was explained that these effects are not only due to less dose of anesthetic agents in combination with autonomic nerve blocking agents, but also to the rare occurrence of the cerebral anoxia, and that the hypothermia is effective to prevent brain edema in craniotomy.
It is also considered that the oxygen inhalation during and after the operation may prevent the so-called brain swelling.View full abstractDownload PDF (12932K) -
Part 1. Growing CellsMitsuo Hamano1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2355-2361
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing S type and R type of Sh. sonnei, those standard strains stocked in our aboratory as test bacteria, the author studied influenes of N and C sources and various vitamins on cell growth and made a comparative study of glucese exidation during the cell growth; and obtained the following results.
1. When glucose is used as C source to which nicotinamide is added and then using aspartate, glutamate, alanine, or glycine separately as N source, it has been found that S type and R type of Sh. sonnei grow well in such media, and aspartate proves to be a specially good N source.
2. When aspartate is used as N source without addition of C source, neither of the two types can grow. However, glucose, gluconate, lactate, pyruvate, or succinate can be used as a suitable C source, but ribose does not serve as C source.
3. Nicotinamide proves to be necessary for promoting the growth of these two types of bacteria, but vitamin B6 is not necessary.
4. In the still standing culture with fluid medium S type grows better than R type, whereas in the roller tube culture R type grows better than S type.
5. When the accumulated amount of pyruvate, lactate or acetate is compared with the amount of glucose consumed in the still standing culture with fluid medium using pepton as the N source and glucose as the C source, it has been found that the accumulation of these substances in the case of S type is greater than in the case of R type, indicating that the complete oxidaton of pyruvate is not carried out smoothly.View full abstractDownload PDF (2634K) -
Part 2. Resting CellsMitsuo Hamano1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2363-2368
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith the use of the standard strains, namely, S type and R type of Sh. sonnei stocked in our laboratory as test bacteria, the author made comparative study on modes of the oxidation of glucose and pyruvate by these bacteria in resting form and obtained the following results.
1. In the case where these bacteria are cultured in the plain agar medium for 18 hours, the complete oxidation of glucose below pyruvate in the case of S type seems to be less smoothly carried out than in the case of R type, and it tends to be more or less anaerobic.
2. Even in the case of still standing culture in fluid medium (bouillon) the complete oxidation below pyruvate in the case of S type likewise is less smoothly carried oat than in the case of R type.
3. As for the pathway between glucose to pyruvate in any method of culture, there is no difference between S type and R type; and it seems that the pathway from glucose to pyruvate is mainly through Embden-Meyerhof pathway.View full abstractDownload PDF (2682K) -
Part 1. On the Movement of Stored Iron in Accordance with the Bone Marrow FunctionFumitoshi Shiomi1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2369-2379
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relationship between stored iron and hematopoietic function of the bono marrow was studied in rabbits under various conditions by means of radioactive iron (Fe55). The quantitative fractionation of tissue iron was performed according to the method described by Yoneyama and Konno.
In normal rabbits, radioactive iron, intravenously injected in tracer amounts, distributed in P I (probably contains hemosiderin) as well as P II (proved to have come really from ferritin) in an almost epual amount. By mobilization and utilization, however, a preponderance of P II over P I was recognized.
In rabbits with anemia due to blood loss, the movement of administered radioactive iron was accelerated and specifc activity of P III in bone marrow markedly increased. In rabbits suffered from disturbances on hematopoietic function, such as X-ray irradiation and collargol injection, on the contrary, the movement of iron was slow and P III in bone marrow came to the retetion.
In rabbits suffered from X-ray irradiation after bleeding, it was revealed that P III in bone marrow was most available for heme synthesis in three fractions.
In accordance with the procedures which caused the hematopoietic disturbances, the distribution of non-hemin iron in the spleen showed the same pattern as in bone marrow, i.e., at 24 hours after injection of radioactive iron P II was markedly increased and P II was decreased.View full abstractDownload PDF (801K) -
Part 2. On the Iron Metabolism of Bone Marrow CellsFumitoshi Shiomi1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2381-2387
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe uptake and utilization of radioactive iron by rabbit bone marrow cells under various conditions in vitro was studied, and the iron metabolism in bone marrow cells was discussed.
The bone marrow cells were capable of taking up radioactive iron from media (physiological saline solution containing Fe55 Cl3), and with an increase in the concentration of iron media the uptake increased to some extent. The greater part of the intracellular iron was reserved in the form binding with some proteins (?) and its capacity was greater than a sufficient amount of materials for heme synthesis. However, the capacity decreased in matured red cells.
The incorporation of radioactive iron into heme increased constantly with the lapse of time and irrespective of the amount of the iron uptake. The large amount of intracellular non-hemin iron as well as the anerobic state caused inhibition for the heme synthesis.View full abstractDownload PDF (472K) -
Part 3. On the Influences of cobalt on the Iron MetabolismFumitoshi Shiomi1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2389-2396
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) On the rabbits suffering from cobalt-polycythemia iron metabolism was studied in various ways.
Blood picture, level of serum iron and serum copper, and mobilization of stored iron showed the same tendency as that observed in recovery from bleeding anemia. Distribution of intravenously injected radioactive iron was also similar to that of bleeding anemia with an exception in which the incorporation of radioactive iron into the liver was greater than into the bone marrow.
2) The influence of cobalt on the uptake and utilization to the heme synthesis of radioactive iron by rabbits bone marrow cells in vitro was studied. The rate of utilization to the heme synthesis was maximal in the ratio of 1:100 (Fe:Co) in radioactive iron concentration 20 γ %. However, cobalt had no influence on the iron uptake of bone marrow cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (485K) -
I: Multiplication of Infectious Hepatitis Virus in the Chick EmbryoMotohi Ogasahara1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2397-2404
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom the patients of infectious hepatitis in Okayama Prefecture, a kind of virus was isolated by Mnrakami et al. In the present paper, the author studied on the mode of multiplication of this virus in the chickembryo. The results are summarized as follows:
1) The susceptibility of the chickembryo to this virus can not be said a strong one. However, now that no more susceptible laboratory animal is found, the chickembryo seems to be the best one to establish the infection of this infectious hepatitis virus. The other supplemental experiments are also needed for determination of infection.
2) As compared with that of other viruses, the mode of multiplication of this hepatitis virus is a peculiar one showing the multiplication maxima 5 to 7 and 10 to 15 days after inoculation. However, the mode of multiplication and the characters of this virus show some variation with the passages in chickembryos.
3) The multiplication of the virus in the chickembryo is easily influenced by the age of the chickembryo, the life or death of the embryo, which is used as virus material, the cultivation period, the grade of dilution of the virus, the cultivation temperature and other various conditions, which make the direct quantitative determination of infection impossible. The infectious aspect of the virus in the chickembryo, however, can be inferred by pathologic findings in the mice re-infected.View full abstractDownload PDF (622K) -
II: Infectious Routes and the Multiplication of the Infectious Hepatitis Virus in the Chick EmbryoMotohi Ogasahara1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2405-2414
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn part I, the multiplication of the infectious hepatitis virus in the chickembryo was discussed. In the present part, the relation between the multiplication of the virus and infectious routes was studied. The results are briefly summarized as follows:
1) Infection of the hepatitis virus in the chickembryo had been determined by life or death and pathologic changes in the chickembryo. The author found, however, that the infection of the virus was better determined by inoculation of various organs of the infected chickembryo into mice and by observation of pathologic changes in thus inoculated mice.
2) Of all the infectious routes in the chickembryo, allantoic inoculation gave the most excellent result showing the virus distribution over all parts of the embryonated egg. The other routes gave no accurate result.
3) The infection was established more easily by a highly diluted virus emulsion (×109) than by a thick one (×102). As the reason for this phenomenon, two ones are considered, the inhibition of the virus activity by intracellular non-specific inhibitive substances and the reciprocal interference among the viruses. It could not be clarified, however. which of the two was the real one.View full abstractDownload PDF (783K) -
Placental Extract as well as Fetal Serum ProteinYasumasa OKAMURA1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2415-2426
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been discovered that there exists, within the fetal serum, as well as human placental extract and an amniotic fluid, the specific protein that hadn't found out in any human adult serum; which has the similar subjects to above. They were repeatedly injected to pregnant rabbits as antigens, and the following are the results. There are caused the allergic histological changes on liver and kidney outstandingly, the changes are alike to the organs of pregnant toxicosis, and are the most strongest when injected placental protein, more stonger fetal serum than amniotic fluid. However any differences cann't find out among themselves histologically, so the author has considered that the specific protein is caused to the above said changes.View full abstractDownload PDF (4540K) -
Part 1. Medullary Blood Vessel Construction and Canals of Cartilage in the FemurSeizo Murata1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2427-2442
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith transparent specimens and serial sections prepared from femurs of sixty human foetuses age ranging from second embryonic month to the last, after injection of dye, the medullary blood vessel construction and canals of cartilage in the femur have been studied and the following are the results.
1. At the time when bone marrow starts to grow, the vascular mesenchymal tissue enters from several places of the bone collar. The time is about the middle of the third embryonic month.
2. The site of nutrient foramen is located on the posterior surface of the long bone occupying one third of the center. In most cases two nutrient arteries are found in a femur, generally accompanied by nutrient veins.
3. Arterial branches in bone marrow during the first half of foetal life run more or less in straight line whereas during the latter half they run in undulating formation. These arterial branches are seen anastomosing with one another.
4. The venous system in bone marrow is consisted of main venous sinuses and venous meshworks connecting with them.
5. In the latter half of foetal life when there are two nutrient arteries in a femur, their branches are anast omosed with one another.
6. Metaphyseal vessels appear in the latter half of foetal life and these metaphyseal arteries are anastomosed with branches of diaphyseal arteries.
7. Canals of cartilage can be seen entering into proximal and distal epiphysis from the beginning of the fourth embryonic month.
8. In the last month of foetal life an ossification center can be recognized in the distal epiphysis, and a part of canals of cartilage is connected with the ossification center.View full abstractDownload PDF (19823K) -
Part 2. Medullary Blood Vessel Construction and Canals of Cartilag in Lower Leg Bones, Humerus, and Forearm BonesSeizo Murata1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2443-2456
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing transparent specimens and serial sections prepared from lower leg bones, humerus. and forearm bones of sixty human foetuses age ranging from second embryonic month to the last, after injection of dye, the construction of medullary blood vessels and canals of cartilage have been studied and the following are the results.
1. The time of bone marrow growth and the appearance time of nutrient arteries and veins are fixed in all these bones and it coincides with that in the femur.
2. The number and site of nutrient foramen are generally fixed in respective bone.
3. The direction of nutrient vessels penetrating through the bone wall is fixed in tibia; but in other bones it is not fixed and no regular changes according to monthly progress can be recognized.
4. The manner of branching and the running of medullary arterial branches are fixed according to the shape of each bone, and there are anastomoses among arterial branches.
5. The medullary venous system is consisted of main venous sinuses and venous meshworks communicated with these sinuses.
6. Metaphyseal arteries, with exception in the proximal metaphysis of the radius, appear in the metaphysis of each bone during the period between the sixth and seventh embryonic months, and these arteries are anastomosed with branches of diaphyseal arteries.
7. Canals of cartilage of each bone enter in a fixed order according to the size of respective epiphysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (21886K) -
Yasuhiko Sanada1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2457-2472
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSConcerning the infiltration of the cervical cancer into the corpus uteri which is liable to become a highly probable site of metastasis, the author studied the incidence and the modes of infiltrations as well as prognosis in relation to these problems with a view to improve the method of operating the cervical cancer.View full abstractDownload PDF (5079K) -
Part, I. Experimental Studies on Intraarticular Injection of Phenolcamphor in Normal RabbitsTakashi Watanabe1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2473-2486
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPhenolcamphor has been used for prevention of infection and for treatment of injury and suppurative inflammation of knee joint since the World War I.
Effects of Phenolcamphor in joint, especially regarding its corrosive action, were studied. Anatomical changes developing in joint were studied macroscopically and histologically by means of Hematoxylin-Eosin and PAS stain in two groups of rabbits in which 0.25cc and 0.5 cc of Phenolcamphor were injected into knee joint, respectively.
1) Phenolcamphor properly prepared after original method neither produces necrosis of synovial membrane and articular cartilage nor has corrosive action.
2) Phenolcamphor must be carefully injected, for arthritis deformans would be caused by technical error, and its possibility is enhanced by presence of injury of articular cartilage.
3) Effects of Phenolcamphor continues so that persistent congestion is present in synovial membrane, and dilatation of small vessels, round cell infiltration and hyperplasia of connective tissue are histologically barely noticeable. A small amonnt of serous exudate accumulates, however, neither adhesion nor functional disturbances are produced.View full abstractDownload PDF (7042K) -
Part II. Experimental Studies on Skin Surface and Intraarticular Temperature in Intraarticular Injection of PhenolcamphorTakashi Watanabe1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2487-2495
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCorrelations between intraarticular changes and local findings and skin surface and intraarticular temperature following Phenolcamphor injection were studied to assure the possibilities of anticipating its effects and courses following Phenolcamphor injection by measurement of temperature. Phenolcamphor were injected into knee joints of three groups of normal rabbits in which 0.25 cc and 0.5 cc of Phenolcamphor, and mixed solution of 0.25 cc of Phenolcamphor and 0.25 cc of water as control were given. Temperatnre was measured with electric thermometer.
1) Close relationship were found between intraarticular changes and local findings, and skin surface and intraarticular temperature following intraarticular injection of Phenolcamphor.
Temperature rose with increase of local inflammatory signs and falls with its regression and stabilized after two or three weeks.
2) Parallel correlation was found between skin surface and intraarticular temperature with a little high level in the latter.
3) No difference in changes of temperature was found in different amount of injected Phenolcamphor, though the Peak of temperature rise was noted slightly later in the case of a small amount of injected material than in the large amount.
4) It is of significance for observation of effects and course of Phenolcamphor injection to measure skin surface and intraarticular temperature. However, it is not feasible to measure frequently intraarticular temperature and also it is hardly acceptable to inject procaine into joint for the relief of pain in measurement of intraarticular temperature. It is not applicable to clinical use, hence measurement of skin temperature should be used as substitute for it.View full abstractDownload PDF (650K) -
Part III. Clinical Experiences with Intraarticular Injection of PhenolcamphorTakashi Watanabe1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2497-2504
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Satisfactory results were obtained in the treatment of 22 patients of rheumatoid arthritis with intractable pain, who were not benefitted by general and local application of steroid hormone or who were not suitable for hormone therapy for side effects or associated diseases.
2) Pain on intraarticular injection of Phenolcamphor is alleviated by gradual increasing of dosage, because of its toleration.
3) Other drugs should not be injected even in which pain increases following injection of Phenolcamphor and Phenolcamphor should be injected repeatedly after evacuation of intraarticular fluid until the pain subsides.
4) Decrease of pain was marked and swelling of joint completely subsided in a chronic case with fluid accumulation in joints. There was found no relationship between severity of symptoms and of functional disturbance and effects of Phenolcamphor.
5) Effects of Phenolcamphor were persistent and neither pain, swelling and accumulation of fluid in joint recurred nor functional disturbance and adhesion developed in the case in which effects of Phenolcamphor were noted.
6) Intraarticular injection of Phenolcamphor should be attempted as a kind of local stimulant therapy in cases which hormone therapy was not effective or contraindicated and no choice of treatment was left except orthopedic method.View full abstractDownload PDF (3380K) -
Part 1. Relationship Between Antigen Antibody Reaction and Eosinophilia in the Bone-Marrow Tissue Culture of Guinea PigsMasakatsu Inoue1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2505-2515
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the investigations of the relationship between the antigen-antibody reaction and eosinophilia by bone-marrow tissue culture (solid medium), the author obtained the following results:
1. When the bone marrow tissue obtained from guinea pig sensitized with cow's serum with addition of corresponding antigen 2 to 3 weeks after sensitization is cultured, marked eosinophilia in the growth zone and a marked acceleration in the wandering velocity of eosinophils have been recongized. In addition, mitotic picture of young eosinophils can be obeserved in the tissue slice specimens prepared with the same bone marrow thus cultured.
2. When cow's serum (serum of different species of animal) is added to the bone-marrow tissue culture of normal guinea pig, eosinophilia and acceleration in motility can be observed as in the case using the plasma of guinea pig sensitized with cow's serum and taken 2-3 weeks after sensitization, although hardly any change can be observable in the case using the plasma of normal guinea pig.
3. In the lung tissue culture of the guinea pig in the state of anaphylaxis by reinjection of antigen, many eosinophils have been recognized to have accelerated motility.
From these findings, it is assumed that there is a close relationsip between the antigen-antibody reaction brought about by foreign serum and eosinophilia, and that during this allergic reaction eosinophils of bone marrow multiply themselves by mitosis, and in addition, those eosinophils with a markedly accelerated motility wander out from the medulla into the venous sinuses in a great number, thus causing terminal blood eosinophilia.View full abstractDownload PDF (5399K) -
Part 2. Observation on the Motility of Eosinophils in the Bone-Marrow Tissue Culture of the Sternum of various Patients with EosinophiliaMasakatsu Inoue1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2517-2524
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy performing bone-marrow tissue culture (simple method devised in our laboratory) of the sternum in normal person, patients with anchylostomiasis and with bronchial asthma, the author observed the pattern of movement and wandering velocity of these eosinophils and obtained the following results:
1. Patterns of movement of eosinophils in the human bone marrow have been newly classified.
2. Among the eosinophils of human anchylostomiasis there are ones that show a peculiar pattern of movement, Type IB, which may be considered to be the acceleration in the ability of retraction of the exoplasm. In addition, a picture of scattered granules can often be recognized. The wandering velocity of eosinophils in this disease is markedly accelerated, showing the velocity somewhat superior to that of neutrophils.
3 In the eosinophils of bronchial asthma there are cells suggesting an abnormally accelerated adhesive property, for example, possessing abnormally distended tail or filamentous tail with many branches; and also granule-movement is quite active.
As can be seen from the above findings. there are eosinophils in anchylostomiasis and bronchial asthma, that, show the pattern of movement that can not be observed in those of normal persons, and therefore, it has been clarified that those eosinophils of the bone marrow in patient not only multiply in number but also their pattern of movement undergoes morphological changes simultaneously.View full abstractDownload PDF (5483K) -
Part 3. A Study on the Causative Factor of Eosinophilia in Anchylostomiasis by Tissue Culture of Human Bone MarrowMasakatsu Inoue1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2525-2532
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy performing the bone-marrow tissue culture of normal person and patients with anchylostomiasis with addition of the filtrate from fresh emulsion of hookworms, the author obtained the following results:
1. Bone-marrow tissue culture of normal person: Even when the bone marrow tissue is cultured in the serum of normal person with addition of the filtrate or emulsion of hookworms, eosinohils in the growth zone do not increase, but when the bone marrow is cultured in the serum of the anchylostomiasis with addition of the filtrate, eosinophilia is induced, and at the same time the wandering velocity of eosinophils is accelerated.
2. Bone-marrow tissue culture of anchylostomiasis: In the bone marrow tissue culture with addition of the above mentioned filtrate irrespective of kind of serum used, eosinophils in the growth zone increase markedly in all (especially markedly in the case using patient's serum).
From these, it is believed that the serum and bone marrow of the patient contain antibody to hookworm, and when bone marrow is cultured with addition of the filtrate of hookworm emulsion, eosinophilia and acceleration of motility of eosinophils are induced in all as the result of the antigen-antibody reaction. In other words, it seems that allergic reaction plays an important role in inducing eosinophilia of anchylostomiasis.View full abstractDownload PDF (3542K) -
Report XI On the Fingerprint of the People Living in the Southern Part of Satuma Peninsula (Kagoshima Prefecture)Kazuo FUKUMOTO1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2533-2540
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. I took 5.520 (2.740 males and 2.780 females) of the people living in the southern part of Satuma Peninsula as examples of the southern Kyushu inhabitants from among all the Japanese of Kyushu to examine the frequency of the occurrence of the four basic fingerprints. And of the four prints in the cast of males, a type is 1.5%±0.07%; r type 3.2%±0.1%; u type 54.6%±0.30%; and w type 40.7%±0.29%. And in the case of females, a type is 2.1%±0.08%, r type 2.6%±0.09%, u type 59.1%±0.29%, and w type 36.2%±0.28%.
2. When the above mentioned frequency of the occurrence of each of the four basic fingerprints is compared with that of the representative one of the Japanese rase, it is found that there is a resemblance to east-share people of Koshikijima (Kagoshima Prefecture), and the Indonesians (Java) as southern race.View full abstractDownload PDF (5852K) -
Yoshiro Yabe, Sei Hayashi, Goro Nakayama, Hiroyuki Ohnishi1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2541-2545
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMany investigators have reported on the influence of various metal ions on antibiotics. The direct evidence for binding of metal ions with antibiotics is, however, very rare. The authors happened to find the precipitate formation by Mg++ ion and aureomycin, and studied this phenomenon on various sorts of metal ions and antibiotics. The results are summarized as follows:
1) A marked yellow precipitate was formed by 10-2-10-3 M Mg++ and 10-3-10-4M aureomycin.
2) A yellow precipitate was formed by 10-3M Mn++ and 10-3-10-4M aureomycin, and was also formed by 10-4M Mn++ and 10-3M aureomycin.
3) Just, like aureomycin, terramycin formed a yellow precipitate in the presence of Mg++ or Mn++. The degree of precipitate formation was, however, very weak as compared with aureomycin.
4) The precipitate formation between Mg++ and aureomycin appeared at the pHs over 6.5 and became more marked with the rise of pH.
5) The acid solution of the yellow precipitate formed by Mg++ and aureomycin showed a strong antibacterial action.View full abstractDownload PDF (305K) -
Yoshiro Yabe, Goro Nakayama, Sei Hayashi, Ryohei Hashimoto, Shigetada ...1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2547-2552
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBoth of aureomycin and terramycin belong to the tetracycline, and their action has been considered to be nearly the same. The authors made a comparative study on the action of aureomycin and terramycin and obtained the following results:
1) The respiration of Escherichia coli in the presence of glucose, pyruvate, aspartate and glutamate is markedly inhibited by both of aureomycin and terramycin. The respiration inhibitory action of aureomycin is quantitatively about 3 times higher than that of terramycin.
2) The respiration of Micrococcus pyogenes var. aureus (Terashima) in the presence of glutamate, alanine, pyruvate and lactate is inhibited by both of aureomycin and terramycin. As for the respiration inhibitory action, aureomycin is quantitatively about 3 times stronger than terramycin.
3) The respiration of M. pyogenes var. sureus (Terashima) in the presence of glucose is not inhibited by aureomycin or terramycin, but is rather accelerated by these, particularly by terramycin.
4) As for the growth inhibitory action, aureomycin is somewnat stronger than terramycin.View full abstractDownload PDF (375K) -
1) Hemolysis of the Red Cells Treated with the Extracts of Vibrio comma 2) Precipitation with the Extracts of Vibrio comma 3) Inhibitory Action of the Extracts of Vibrio comma on the HemagglutinationHiroyuki Ohnishi1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2553-2567
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUnder various conditions and by various methods, various fractions were extracted from cells of Vibrio comma. The hemolysis and the precipitation were tried with these fractions, and, at the same time, their inhibitory action on the hemagglutination by influenza virus was also studied. The results are summarized as follows:
1) Used as the antigen of hemagglutination, these fractions showed a type specificity, but the appearance and titer of the reaction varied to some extent with the strains of used Vibrio comma. Of all the fractions tested, only the crude nucleoprotein and Boivin's substance showed a significant antigenicity.
2) Used as the precipitinogen, the crude nucleoprotein and polysaccharide showed the most significant result, and Boivin's substance the next. The other fractions were unfit for use. These fractions, the nucleoprotein, the polysaccharide and the Boivin's substance, showed no noticeable variation of strains, but had a clear type specigicity; this fact suggests that these fractions are of practical value in the precipitation.
3) The nucleoprotein or Boivin's substance (endotoxin) rather than Julianelle's substance (polysaccharide) showed a inhibitory action on the hemagglutination by influenza virus. This hemagglutination inhibition was, however, proved to be of no type specificity.View full abstractDownload PDF (6119K) -
Part 1. Bone Marrow Tissue Culture of Patients of AnchylostomiasisMasaru Yumoto1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2569-2579
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy means of bone marrow tissue culture devised in author's laboratory, the author has investigated the hematopoietic activity and white blood cell function (wandering velocity, phagocytosis of carbon particles and vital staining) in the bone marrow of 16 cases of patients of anchylostomiasis, which were classified into 3 groups according to the level of anemia.
1) Relative growth rate in hanging-drop culture was hardly lowered in most cases, but in a group of severe anemia with a slight decrease of the white blood cell count in peripheral blood, it being slightly lowered.
2) Wandering velocity of the neutrophils was hardly decreased in most cases, but in a group of severe anemia with a slight decrease of the whitebolod cell count, it being slightly decreased.
3) Phagocytosis of carbon particles of the neutrophils was hardly declined in a group of slight anemia, but along with a development of anemia in peripheral blood, it being fairly declined, especially in a group of severe anemia with a slight decrease of the white blood cell count.
4) As for the vital staining of neutral red, it was little altered in most cases, but in cases of severe anemia with a slight decrease of the white blood cell count, the neutrophils were stained relatively in the early stage and high degree, and discolored comparatively earlier than those of the control one.
5) Wandering velocity of the eosinophils in the bone marrow was markedly accelerated in most cases with eosinophilia in peripheral blood, sometimes being more than 2 times those of the control one.
6) Increasing rate of the red blood cell count and hemoglobin content in fluid culture were slightly decreased, especially in groups of moderate and severe anemia.
7) According to the above-mentioned results, the author has confirmed that the hematopoietic activity and blood cell function in the bone marrow of anchylostomiasis were scarecely deteriorated and the development of anemia should be regarded as the results of blood cell arrest in the sinusoid of the bone marrow and deficiency of an iron supply to the hematopoietic tissues due to the disturbance of iron mobilization, and moreover the development of hypoplastic anemia in anchylostomiasis should be considered as a secondary occurrence following a long durated severe anemia.View full abstractDownload PDF (804K) -
Part 2. Bone Marrow Tissue Culture of Dogs with AnchylostomiasisMasaru Yumoto1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2581-2590
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy means of bone marrow tissue culture, the author has investigated the hematopoietic activity and blood cell function in the bone marrow of the dogs experimentally infected with ca. 1000 hook worm larvae, which were classified into 3 groups of initial slight, moderate and severe anemia according to the level of anemia.
1) In a group of initial slight anemia, the growth rate was increased and the function of the neutrophils was accelerated in wandering velocity, phagocytosis of carbon particles and vital staining of neutral red. Wandering velocity of the eosinophils in the bone marrow was markedly accelerated. Increasing rate of the red blood cell count and hemoglobin content in fluid culture was slightly lowered.
2) In a group of moderate anemia with profuse intestinal bleeding, the growth rate was further increased, and wandering velocity was still kept in a high degree, but their function on phagocytosis of carbon particles and vital staining of neutral red was fairly lowered. Namely dissociation of the functions of neutrophils was observed in this group. Wandering velocity of the eosinophils was still elevated. Increasing rate of the red blood cell count was slightly elevated in comparison with that of the control one, but that of hemoglobin content being fairly lowered.
3) In a group of severe anemia with profuse intestinal bleeding and seriuos symptoms, the growth rate was most increased, wandering velocity being still kept nearly in the same level as that of the control one. But their function on phagocytosis of carbon particles and vital staining of neutral red was remarkably lowered. Wandering velocity of the eosinophils was reveresely lowered in proportion to the decrease of the eosinophils in peripheral blood. Increasing rate both of the red blood cell count and hemoglobin content was most lowered.
4) According to the above mentioned results, the author has confirmed that anemia in a group of initial slight anemia without intestinal bleeding was caused from blood cell arrest in the sinusoid of the bone marrow and disturbance of iron mobilization by hook worm toxin, but in groups of moderate and severe anemia with profuse intestinal bleeding, influences due to bleeding took a great role for the development of anemia besides the above mentioned mechanismus.View full abstractDownload PDF (10620K) -
Part 3. Influences of an Addition of the Serum of Hook Worm Dogs on Bone Marrow Tissue CultureMasaru Yumoto1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2591-2598
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy adding a drop of the serum of dogs with ancylostomiasis in the medium of bone marrow tissue culture of normal dogs, the author has examined its influences on the growth rate, white blood cell function (wandering velocity, phagocytosis of carbon particles and vital staining of neutral red) in hanging drop culture and increasing rate of the red blood cell count and hemoglobin content in fluid culture.
1) As for the growth rate, it was slightly increased in the later atage of tissue culture.
2) Function of the neutrophils was not impedented on wandering velocity, phagocytosis of carbon particles and vital staining of neutral red, but rather slightly accerelated in the early stage of tissue culture.
3) According to the above mentioned results, the author has presumed that some stimulative substances for the bone marrow activity and neutrophils function are contained in the serum of hook wormdog.
4) Wandering velocity of the eosinophils was slightly increased, so that the author has resumed that it had occured from the stimulation of hook worm toxin possessing positive taxis for the eosinophils.
5) Increasing rate of the red blood cell count was not suffered from by adding the serum of hook worm dog on fluid culture, but that of hemogolbin content was slightly declined, which did not come from the restrain of hook worm toxin for the formation of hemoglobin, but from iron deficiency in the serum.View full abstractDownload PDF (6134K) -
Part I. On the size and density of the nerve cells in areas of the caudate nucleus of cat's brainKorenobu Nishiwaki1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2599-2606
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAccording to the Gurewitsch classification, the caudate nucleus was devided into the areas of Cd., Cm., Cl. and Cv. and the size (long diameter) and density were measured.
1) Each area has two kinds of nerve cells with different size and the cell larger than 24μ is called the large cell (so-called the effective cell of Gurewitsch), and smaller called the small cell (so-called the receptive cell of Gurewitsch).
2) The density of the large cells is 1.8% at Cd., 1.5% at Cm., 0.8% at Cl. and 0.2% at Cv., thus the dorsolateral side of the caudate nucleus (Cd. and Cm.) has more large cells with even larger size than the ventromedial side (Cl. and Cv.).
3) The density of the nerve cells is increasing from the dorsolateral side to the ventromedial and has the following rate: Cd. 9, Cm. 10, Cl. 11 and Cv. 13.View full abstractDownload PDF (8088K) -
Part II Histochemical study of choline-esterase in areas of the caudate nucleus of cat's brain with convulsionKorenobu Nishiwaki1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2607-2618
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTen per cent metrazol solution was experimentally injected in cats and the changes of choline-esterase (ChE) at the maximum stage of convulsion was histochemically investigated by Koelle modification.
1) The ChE of nerve cells mostly increased in normal cases relatively in peripheral part of protoplasma, while in convulsion cases it was considered to be even in central part of protoplasma.
2) ChE is increased in each area of the caudate nucleus by convulsion.
3) The increase is especially remarkable in the large cells of the caudate nucleus.
4) The dorsolateral side of the caudate nucleus (Cd., Cm.) has more increase of ChE than the ventromedial side by convulsion, and Cm. has the most increase, then in the order of Cd., Cl. and Cv. to the least.
5) In cases without convulsion, there is no difference of ChE distribution among these areas, and even the large cells have no marked increase of ChE.View full abstractDownload PDF (12810K) -
Part III. Histochemical study of ketoenolic granules in areas of the caudate nucleus of cat's brain with convulsionKorenobu Nishiwaki1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2619-2627
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTen per cent metrazol solution was experimentally injected in cat's and the changes of the ketoenolic granules (KEG) due to convulsion were histochemically investigated by the carbol fucsin jod method.
1) KEG in the nerve cells are markedly increased in each area of the caudate nucleus by convulsion.
2) The increase is maximum at Cm., especially in its large cells.
3) KEG in the Nissl' gray substance show the tendency of decreasing in each area by convulsion, compared with non-convulsive cases, but the grade of decrease is not different among these areas.
4) From the facts above mentioned it is considered that in the caudate nucleus the Cm takes the largest part in convulsion, especially its large cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (12258K) -
Part 1. Influences of Dyes on the Bone-Marrow Functions of Normal RabbitsHajime Tamura1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2629-2640
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy performing a series of bone-marrow tissue culture with Fischer-Carrel's method modified somewhat in our laboratory, the author studied influences of dyes on the bone-marrow tissue in vital staining as well as the most appropriate concentration of staining solution. As far as the bone-marrow tissue culture is concerned, no one seems to have as yet carried out investigation on this problem.
As for basic dyes, neutral red, methylene blue, gentian violet and toluidine blue were selected; and for acid dyes, litium carmine, tripan blue and tolysin blue were used. The results thus obtained are as follows:
1. When the dyes above mentioned are added to the medium in the concentration of either 0.001 per cent or 0.01 par cent, it has been found that gentian violet in either concentration acts as to inhibit the growth of bone marrow tissue; neutral red, methylene blue and tripan blue in the lower concentration (0.001%) act as to accelerate the growth; neutral red, methylene blue and toluidine blue in a higher concentraion (0.01%) act as to inhibit the growth; and lithium carmine and tolyrin blue act irregualrly in either concentration.
2. Next, in order to determine the most appropriate concentration of neutral red and lithium carmine solutions so that such a concentration will not interfere with tissue culture and at the same time it will give enough vital staining for observations, the author studied the relationship between the concentraions of dyes on one hand and the lnegth of time required in staining, the degree of staining, the relative growth rate of bone marrow tissue in culture and the wandering velocity of pseudoeosinophils on the other. As the result it has been decided that the most appropriate concentration of neutral red is 0.01 per cent and that of lithium carmine 0.03 per cent.View full abstractDownload PDF (809K) -
Part 2. On Vital Staining of Various Leucocytes in Bone-Marrow of Normal Rabbits and Normal PersonsHajime Tamura1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2641-2647
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the bone-marrow tissue culture of normal rabbits and normal persons, by performing vital staining of tissues with neutral red and lithium carmine, the author in vestigated the degree of staining in various bone marrow cells appearing in the growth zone of explant, and obtained the following conclusions:
1. Neutral red stains much more markedly than lithium carmine, and it has been found that neutral red is quite suitable for vital staining in observing bone marrow cells.
2. The stainability of pseudoeosinophils in the bone marrow in normal rabbits is far clearer than that of human neutrophils.
3. The stainability of each of various bone marrow cells appearing in the growth zone in bone-marrow tissue culture of normal rabbit reveals such a peculiarity that it make the differentiation of cells quite easy.
4. Investigating the degrees of staining by neutral red of pseudoeosinophils in rabbit bone marrow from the standpoint of time element, it has been found that staining of cells commences immediately after addition of dyes to the medium, reaching the maximum staining after about 5 hours' culture, but thereafter the stained color begins to fade gradually, and within 24-30 hours it loses its color completely.View full abstractDownload PDF (2957K) -
Part 3. Clinical Application of Vital Staining in Bone-Marrow Tissue CultureHajime Tamura1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2649-2660
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy adding the serum of patients with various blood diseases to the medium of bone-marrow tissue culture of rabbits, the author studied mainly its influence on the vital staining of pseudoeosinophils with neutral red. At the same time the author pursued vital staining of neutrophils in the bone marrow of the sternum from the same patients with neutral red; and as for the verification of the study, the cells that had been cultured for several hours were vitally stained. As the result the author arrived at the following conclusions:
1. When the cell functions (wandering velocity and carbon-particle phagocytosis) are low during the tissue culture, vital staining by neutral red takes place fast and highly but the stained color fades quickly.
2. Also when the vital staining is done after fixed intervals of culture, the longer the time of culture is, namely, at the time when the cell functions are further diminished, the more prompt and the higher is the staining and also the fading takes place more quickly.
3. Those patients showing lowered cell functions on the vital staining of bone marrow are aplastic anemia, Banti's disease, leukemia, acute bleeding anemia and kala-azar.
4. Likewise those who show a slight lowering in the cell functions are ancylostomiasis, essential hypochromic anemia and Werlhof's disease; and those whose functions are hardly lowered are those patients suffering from lung tuberculosis and malignant nephrosclerosis, namely, not from blood diseasses.
5. On vital staining the sera that possess factors of lowering the functions of bone marrow are those of aplastic anemia, Banti's disease, acute bleeding anemia, Werlhof's disease, and leukemia.View full abstractDownload PDF (3678K) -
T. C. Cheng1958 Volume 70 Issue 7 Pages 2661-2672
Published: July 31, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Using paper electrophoresis, the normal value of each fraction of serum protein was estimated in 10 nonpregnant normal Taiwanese women.
2. The paper electrophoresis of serum protein in each group of 10 pregnant women in each pregnancy month totalling 90 women, showed a progressive decrease of plasma protein and albumin and an increase of α -and β-globulin as the pregnancy advanced.
3. 11 cases of ectopic gestation, 6 cases of hydatidiform mole, 6 cases of abruptio placentae, 5 cases of eclampsia, 11 cases of preeclampsia and 4 cases of choriocarcinoma were studied in comparison with the normal pregnant women. It was noted that the change of the serum protein was proportional to the severity of toxemia of pregnancy.
4. With paper electrophoresis of serum protein, afibrinogenemia in abruptio placentae cases was easily detected, thus making a great contribution to the diagnosis and treatment of this clinical entity.
5. The figures of paper electrophoresis of the intraabdominal blood in ectopic gestation cases roughly corresponded to those of the peripheral blood of the patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (737K)
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