Various surgical attacks were given to the autonomic nerve system in dogs and their liver functions were investigated at intervals.
1) In case of sectioning bilateral vagal nerves or removing bilateral celiac ganglia, liver functions were slightly depressed between the fifth and the twentieth postoperative days, while they returned to their normal after thirty days.
2) In case of removing hepatic nerver plexus at the portal fissure, the functions were less depressed than those atated in 1), and recovered completely after twenty days.
3) In case of the combined procedures of 1) and 2), the impediment to function seemed slightly heavy, but recovered to the normal after thirty days.
4) The liver functions were completely normal after one year.
5) The lesion of the liver function was: at B. S. P. test, galactose test, tymol turbidity test and Takada's serum test. it was slightly abnormal. For C. C. F. test and urobilinogen of the urine, it remained normal.
6) The lesion of the liver functions by these surgical autonomic nerve block is trasient, so radical gastrectomy and lymphadenectomy can safely be performed.

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Liver functions were investigated from the point of metabolism to patients who underwent radical gastrectomy combined with radical lymphadenectomy.
1) Protein metabolism and eliminating function of foreign body, espeeially Takada's serum test and B. S. P. test were strongly positive, but other functions remained within normal limits.
2) The liver functions showed signs of recovery to those within one year after the operation but to those after two years showed a tendency to become worse
3) These changes are not considered to be due to the section of autonomic nerve system and the lesion of liver functions which has its cause in the section of autonomic nerve system recovers within a month as stated in the first part of this report.

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Both retrograde perfusion via the coronary sinus and direct perfusion of the coronary artery during circulatory occlusion under selective brain cooling were studied and evaluated from the electrocardiographic standpoint. The following results were obtained.
1) Hypothermia is not applicable for this type of experiment because irritability of myocardium is increased by hypothermia resulting ventricular fibrillation.
2) Direct perfusion is more physiologic than retrograde perfusion and circulatory cessation is maintained over 50 minutes without deleterious effect to myocardium compared to only 15 minutes available in the latter method.
3) Perfusion pressure not exceeding 35 mm Hg. in retrograde perfusion and below 120 mm Hg. in direct perfusion are optimal to obviate mycardial damage which is manifested as ST-T deviation in electrecardiogram. It is safe to keep temperature of perfusion blood between 36 and 37°C. Blood containing over 7.2 gl/dl Hb is applicable for perfusion if oxygenation is satisfactorily attained.

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Both retrograde perfusion via the coronary sinus and direct perfusion of the coronary artery during extracorporeal circulation were studied. Following results were obtained.
1) Coronary perfusion associated with extracorporeal circulation under normothermic condition is far better than with hypothermia in maintainance of cardiac physiology. All the experiments are successfully performed in the case of direct perfusion in this series.
2) It is important to keep perfusion pressure at optimal level during perfusion, which is 35 mmHg. in retrograde and 120 mmHg. in direct perfusion, respectively. Perfusion rate should be controlled within these optimal pressure in each case.
3) Blood flow to mycardium is well maintained in direct perfusion than in retrograde perfusion. Maximum circulatory cessation over 50 minutes is secured in the former method compared to less than 20 minutes in the latter. However, direct perfusion is technically difficult in practice and some divice is needed to facilitate its clinical application. It is preferable to choose one of both methods after direct inspection of valvular lesions following preliminary retrograde perfusion.

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Following the course of the dermatitis caused with croton oil in the back of rabbits, sodium, potassium and calcium in sera and skin were determined spectrophotometrically.
1. The quantity of sodium in sera showed a slight decrease in the initial stage of the dermatitis, showed increase in the severe stage and moreover increased in tho retrogressive stage and returned to the normal value in the recovering stage. In skin, increasing from the initial stage, showed marked increase in the severe stage and then decreased rapidly and showed nearly normal value in its retrogressive stage.
2. The quantity of potassium in sera increased slightly and showed remarkable increase in the severe stage, but, decreasing rapidly, showed almost normal value in retrogressive stage. The variation of potassium in skin showed the same tendency as sodium but, in the initial stage, increase of potassium was more remarkable than sodium.
3. Calcium in sera showed aslight increase in the initial stage, showed the lowest value in the rotrogressive stage and then gradually increased but returning to the normal value was delayed. In skin, showed a slight increase in the initial stage, showed the lowest value in the severe stage but thereafter was elevated gradlualy.
4. The value of Na/K in sera showed the lowest in the severe stage and in skin the lowest was showed in the initial stage and the both declined early and were eleavtated later.
5. K/Ca in sera showed the highest value in the retrogressive stage and, in skin, the highest was showed in the severe stage and the both were elevated in early period and dropped in the latter half.
6. Almost similar tendency of the variation of electrolytes was showed in the sera and the skin, but in latter more remarkable.

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A considerable amount of experiments on various animals has been made to study the mechanism and the nature of the renal complication induced by each of the sulfa drugs. In this studies, the author made an experiment of sulfathiazole on rabbits using the renal clearance test to see the effects on renal function.
1. The amounts of urine and the glomerular filtration rate were not influenced by the administration of 0.05 g, 0.10 g, 0.20 g per 1 kg weight of rabbits for 10 days.
2. The renal plasma flow, renal blood flow and hematocrit were clearly deoreased and the filtration rate showed temporarily increase.

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Renal complications of sulfadrugs are the result of poor solubility of these drugs in their acetyl derivatives and moreover, there is an intimate relationship between the degree of acetylation and the solubilities of the various sulfa drugs. Experimental studies have shown that sulfadiazine is absorbed rapidly after oral administration, gave relatively high blood concentration, leaves the blood tream slowly with less acetylation, and produced very little toxic reaction on tissues, especially in the urinary tract.
In this studies, the author made an experiment of sulfadiazine on rabbits using the renal clearance test and obtained the following results.
1. The amounts of urine, GFR, RPF, RBF, hematocrit showed obviously decreases by the administration of 0.05 g, 0.10 g, 0.20 g per 1 kg weight of rabbits for 10 days.
2. The renal damages paralleled to the amount of sulfadiazine administrated on rabbits and acute renal insufficiency cound be observed.

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The author has already reported the influence of sulfathiazole and sulfadiazine on renal function. Barnes and Kawarchi have pointed out that the chief factors influencing the renal damages are as followed (1) concentration of drug in the urine, (2) degree of acetylation of the drug, (3) urinary stasis, (4) pH of the urine, (5) temperature of the urine. In this report, the author applied sulfisoxazole to rabbits, as it is less acetylation and toxities than the other sulfa drugs, and the results were as followed.
1. The amounts of the urine was not influenced but GFR, RPF, RBF were obviously decreased by the administration of 0.05 g, RBF were obviously decreased by the administration of 0.05 g, 0.10 g, 0.20 g per 1 kg weight of rabbits for 10 days.
2. The renal insufficiency was paralleled to the amount of sulfisoxazole administrated on rabbits and the renal function was obviously obstructed.

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In 1940 Von kennel and Kimming studied the pharmacology and toxicology of sulfamethizole and many experiments were reported on this drugs. In this report, the author carried out the same experiments as stated before and following results were obtained.
1. The amounts of urine, GFB, RPF, RBF and hematocrit were not all influenced by the administration of sulfamethizole.
2. No effects on renal function could be observed by the increase of the amount of this drug.

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With 29 patients of the so-called Banti's disease the author carried out clinical investigations mainly on the iron and copper metabolisms, and obtained the following results.
1. In the patients suffering from this disease a decrease in the serum iron content and an increase in the serum copper content can be recognized.
2. In this diseasa the deerease in visceral iron fractions, P_I and P_II in the liver, is marked, while in the spleen although P_II is decreased, P_I, on the contrary, is increased.
3. In this disease the gram unit content of visceral copper in the liver is increassed when compared with that in the spleen.
4. The iron content excreted in the urine of this disease is less than that in normal persons, whereas the copper content is greater than that in normal persons.
5. At the time of ACTH-gel test the decrease in the serum iron content and the increase in the serum copper are more marked in the patient than those in normal persons, while on the day and second day of the test the iron and copper contents excreted in the urine of the patient do not decrease so markedly as those in normal person.
6. The serum iron content five minutes after the iron tolerance test shows a lower value in the patient than that in normal person, and likewise the serum copper content shows somewhat a similar decrease.
7. On the basis of these findings the author discussed from various angles the iron and copper metabolism in the patient with this disease.

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The author studied what influences might be exerted on the iron and copper metabolisms in rabbits by anemia-inducing, substance found in the patient with the so-called Banti's disease, and obtained the following results.
1. In the rabbits injected with the serum or the spleen extract of Banti's disease patients, there can be recognized a decrease in the number of erythrocytes and in the serum iron content and an increase in the serum copper content.
2. After injecting the serum and the spleen extract of the patient to rabbits, the iron and copper contents in the liver and spleen of the animals were measured. From these results as well as from their bone marrow picture, and the serum iron and copper contents it has became clear that the mobilization of the stored iron is disturbed and that the copper metabolism is involved in it.
3. Even in the non-toxic splenomegaly (Tomoda) it has been recognized that there exists an agent that induces changes in the iron and copper metabolisms.

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Using the 3 strains of Vibrio cholera, original strain (INABA's strain), intermediate variant strain (HIKOZIMA's strain) and variant strain (OGAWA's strain), the author carried out the study on the oxidation of glucose by growing cells and stoichiometry of the glucose oxidation by the resting cells. The following results were obtained.
1) By an addition of glucose to the liquid media of which main constituent was peptone, a fair acceleration of cell growth was observed at the early stage of culture. But the growth tended to decrease aud the cells became to be die fairly early stage with time of cultnre. This was snpposedly due to the deorease of pH of media resulting from oxidation of glucose.
2) On the growing cells pyruvate and lactate were accumulated in fairly large amount as metabolite of glucose. A large amount of accumulated metabolite was also found on organism cultured by shaking.
3) Further oxidation of glucose beyond pyruvate was carried out more smoothly on the resting cells of shaking cultured organism than on the resting cells of still-standing cultured organism. And there was no difference on the oxidatien pathway of glucose on resting cells by either cultures, shaking or still-standing.
4) The oxidation pathway of glucose up to pyruvate was supposedly somewhat differnt on the variant strain compared with other 2 strains.
Using the 3 strains of vibrio cholera as in the previous paper, part I, the auther studied the enzyme activity of resting cells that were previously shaken with additien of glucose into its cell suspension. The enzyme activity was evaluated by mesurement of O₂ uptake with conventional Wardurg technique. The following results were obtained.
1) It was found a marked decrease of O₂ uptake on the resting cells, which were previously shaken with addition of glusose, washed and resuspended into buffer solution. This fact supposed to be due to the inactivation of enzyme system of the cells resulting from decrease of pH by glucose oxidation.
2) A prolanged shaking of the cells with glucose did not render an inactivation of enzyme system at all. Also no inactivestion was found on the cell shaken as above and washed with glucose added buffer. Hence, it could be postulated that the enzyme acyivity was kept fairly stable even in a low pH solution so far as the enzyme was present with substrate like glucose, and that the activity tended to be lost as substrate was taken off.

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Using Candida albicans, C. krusei, C. parakrusei and C. tropicalis, the author studied the O₂ uptakes of the organisms at the expense of various carbon compounds or amino acids as substrate and the environmental factors to this. The following results were obtained.
1) The endogenous respiration of each strain was fairly high, and this respiration tended to decrease by the shaking of cell suspension without addition of substrates. Since prolonged shaking of the cell suspension may cause the inactivation of enzyme activity, the most advantage were given on the cell suspension that was previously shaken for 1-2 hrs. in order to study the enzymatic properties of the organisms.
2) Generally, the O₂ uptakes of Candida were high at the expense of glucose, acetate and citrte. Besides this, the O₂ uptake of C. albicans was also high at the expense of lactate and pyruvate.
3) As a whole, it could say that the greater enzyme activity was found on the cells of shorter cultivation compared with that of longer cultivation. And the organism cultured by shaking method showed more accelerated O₂ uptake at the oxidation of lactate, pyruvate and acetate than the cultured in still-standing method, this fact possibly implied that the metabolism of the former organism was carried out very satisfactory.
As in the previous report, part I, using 4 strains of Candida, C. albicans, C. krusei, C. krusei, C. parakrusei and C. tropicalis, the author prepared the freezing-dried cell preparation and the fractions of ground fresh cells, studied O₂ uptake, catalase activity and action of inhibitors to these. The results obtained were following.
1) The freezing-dried cells showed an catalase activity in a same extent as the living cells, and a large amount of O₂ uptake with glucose, lactate, citrate and succinate; while a marked decrease of O₂ uptakes were found with pyruvate and acetate.
2) The supernatant fraction obtained from ground fresh cell at 40, 000 rpm showed greater catalase activity, and greater oxidative capacity for pyruvate, acetate and citrate, and also accelerated endogenous respiration. On the other hand, the sediment separated by centrifugation at 40, 000 rpm had no catalase activity; but revealed specifically much greater oxidative capacity for lactate and succinate.
3) It was confirmed that the action of inhibiter was more effective on the freezing-dried cells and the cell free extract than on the intact living cells; by an addition of KCN the O₂ upteak was not affected on the living cells, but was serionsly inhibited on the freezing-dried cells and the cell free extract.

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Using the 3 strains of Vibrio cholera as test organisms, the original strain (INABA's strain), the intermediate variant strain (HIKOZIMA's strain) and the variant strain (OGAWA's strain), the author studied the effect of N- and C-sources on growth of these microorganisms, and obtained the following results.
1) The intermediate variant strain could be cultured by serial transfers on the madia containing glutamate as N-source and did not need other C-source or vitamins for its growth. While the other 2 strains, the original and the variant strains, could not be cultred successfully without the addition of yest extract into the media. Also these 2 strains could be cultured by serial transfers on the media containing peptone or casein hydrolysate instead of yeast extract, but failed to grow on the madia containing some dozen species of amino acids.
2) An acceleration effect on growth of the microorganisms was not so remarkable as in the case of other bacteria by the addition of C-sources except lactate. Although the addition of lactate showed the acceleration effect fairly well, contrarily that of glucose acted rather inhibitory on the growth. This evidence was possibly arisen from a decrease of pH of the media being caused by the oxidation of glucose.
Using the 3 strains of Vibrio chlera as in the preceding paper, Part I, the author studied on the oxidation and the convertion of amino acids by these microorganisms and obtained the following results.
1) All the microorganisms tested showed an accelerated O₂-uptake at the expense of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine and cysteine as substrate; but showed rather small O₂-uptake at the other amino acids.
2) The optimum pH was found to be at about 7.0 on the oxidation of aspartic acid, glutamic acid and alanine. And the amino acids mentioned here were oxidized through deamination at the pH ranging 5.0 to 8.0.
3) The convertion of the amino acids from these mentioned above to the others was carried out more successfully by these microorganisms compared with the other.
4) Concerns about the fate of oysteine, it was supposed this amino acid would be undergone in the first place a deamination and a desulfhydration resulting in pyruvate.
5) Though tryptophanase activity was observed to some extent on the bacterial cells harvested from media just before test, the activity was raised adaptatively by the shaking of the resting cell suspension in the presence of tryptophane. However, this adaptation of microorganisms was inhibited with the addition of glucose.

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Using E. coli, A. aerogenes, Sal. typhi and Staph. aureus as test organisms, the auther studied on the production of acetoin by the growing cells and the resting cells of these microorganisms and the following results were obtained.
1) While E. coli did not synthesize acetoin on its growth, A. aerogenes showed marked production of acetoin on growth on the media containing glucose, lactate or pyruvate as C-source. In the case of Sal. typhi and Staph. aureus, a small production of that was observed.
2) An accumulation of pyruvate into culture media was rapidly decreased from about the resting phase in the culture of A. aerogenes that was capable of synthesize action. On the other hand, the accumulation of pyruvate was decreased its amount fairly gradually by E. coli that had no capacity of acetoin sythesis.
3) The resting cells of either species could produce acetoin to some degree at the expense of glucose, lactate, pyruvate and succinate. The optimum pH of this reaction was found to be at about 6.0.
4) From the study on the effect of pH on oxidation of pyruvate by the resting cells of E. coli and A. aerogenes, it could be postulated that the mechanism yielding acetoin from pyruvate in low pH could work more sufficiently at A. aerogenes, than at E. coli.
5) The production of acetoin was accelerated very highly by the simultaneous addition of glucose and pyruvate into the media, and also was accelerated by the addition of VB₁, Mg⁺⁺ or ATP.
Using the 4 strains of bacteria as in the preceding paper, part I, the author studied on the degradation of acetoin by the growing cells and the resting cells of these microorganisms. The following results were obtained.
1) All the microorganisms tested except Staph. aureus could grow by utilizing acetoin as C-source on the media containing the minimal nutritional requirement, namely N-source and vitamins. But Staph. aureus did not show the growth for a lack of capacity utilizing acetoin.
2) As peptone and acetoin was added simultaneously into the media, all the species of bacteria could degrade acetoin and yielded a large amount of pyruvate and a little amount of lactate as the metabolite.
3) Generally the resting cells of all species showed a fairly large O₂-uptake at the expense gf acotoin as substrate. However, the O₂-uptake was somewhat small in the reaction by Staph. aureus compared with by the other bacteria.
4) As for the oxidation products of acetoin by the resting cells of the microorganisms pyruvate was found to be a predominant metabolite. Acetoin had possibly been undergone oxidative decarboxylation in the first place and resulted in pyruvate.

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As to comprehend the infectious disease, it seems to be very important to elucidate the interrelationship between the causable pathogenic microorganism and the host. In order to know the patho-biochemical changes of the cells of infected animal, the author carried out the investigation, in which the phosphorus metabolism were studied on the liver and the spleen of the infected mouse at day's interval from the infection. Sal. typhi murium, Rickettsia tsutsugamushi and Ectromeria virus were used at the pathogenic microorganisms for this study. The phosphorus metabolism was measured by means of P³² incorporation into each phosphorus fraction of the organs of the animal tested that were fractionated by Schneider's method and was considered comparing with the changes found on the histology. The following results were obtained.
1) Compared with the phosphorus metabolism of each phosphorus fraction on the liver and the spleen of the rickettsia or virus-infected mouse, these metabolism on that of Sal. typhi murium-infected mouse were found to be highly accelerated at the 3 rd or the 5 th days of infection.
2) In the case of the phosphorus metabolism on the liver and the spleen of R. tsutsugamushi-infected mouse, the metabolism of the phosphorus fractions except nucleic acid P were found to be decreased at the 3 rd and 5 th days of infection, but were slightly accelerated at the 7 th day. However, the metabolisms of nucleic acid P were found to be accelerated throughout all the examinations, especially at the 3 rd and 5 th days.
3) On the Ectomeria virus-infected mouse the phosphorus metabolism was measured at the 2 nd and the 4 th days of infection. The metabolism of nucleic acid P fraction showed specifically very promnient acceleration, but that of the other fractions did not accelerated except only slight acceleration.

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Incisions were made in the tissue of skin, muscle tendon, stomach and intestine by plain and electric knife and the state of edema was investigated macroscopically and histologically as well as concerning their water contents.
1) The measured values of water content in various tissues agreed with macroscopie and histological changes.
2) In the case of normal condition, edema followed almost the similar course, i.e. it reached to its maximum at the second day from the incision and disappeared about the second week.
3) In the skin, edema appeared and disappeared slowly but in the muscle it sirongly accelerated and quickly disappeared. In the tendon it was intermediate. The stomach and intestine took almost the same tendency but it occured faster and more in quantity in the intestine.
4) Edema was always rather more intensive in case of using an electric knife than a plain knife.
5) Under states of anoxia and hypercapnia, edema occured more slowly than in the normal case; it reached ifs maximum point at the third day and its disappear delayed generally.
6) Under the state of hypoproteinaemia, it occured faster than in the case of anoxia and hypercapnia; it reached its maximum point at the second dav and its duration was far longer, Its degree was also larger.
7) In the case of hypoporteinaemia, not only intensive edema but also a local disturdance of blood circulation was found in the stomach and intestine.

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72 patieuts with upper urinary tract disturbances were examined by renal clearance, water test and PSP test. The relationship between these three kinds or renal funetion test was observed by the calculation of correlation coefficient.
1. On renal tuberculosis group (18 cases), disturbances of glomerulus function were various, and disturbances of tubules function were severer than the groups of nephrolithiasis, ureterotithiasis, etc.
2. On urolithiasis group (nephro 21, uretero 15 cases), the results of examinations were more influenced by passage disturbances of urine than parenchymatous disturbances of kidney. In general, renal function is not so affected in this group.
3. On renal tuberculosis group, it was noticed that there was a remarkable parallel correlation of clearance-ratio to water test.
4. On nephrolithiasis group, it was noticed that there was a remarkable parallel correlation of clearance-ratio to PSP test, especially 60' and 120' value.
5. On ureterolithiasis group, it was noticed that there was no evident correlation of clearance-ratio to PSP and water tests.
6. On 72 patients with many kinds of upper urinary tract disturbances, it was noticed that there was a considerable parallel correlation of the clearance-ratio to PSP test (60' 120') and concentration ratio and that there was scarcely any relationship of the clearance-ratio to PSP test (30') and renal dilution ratio.
7. There was no parallel correlation of FF to water and PSP tests.

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An experimentary observation, such as urea clearance test, PSP test, Fishberg concentration test. NPN and serum Cl, on 83 cases of urological diseases showed as followed.
1. Urea clearance test
The values decreased remarkably on bilateral and simple renal tuberculose.
2. PSP tese
That showed low value on all of the urological diseases.
3. Fishberg concentration test
The values decreased remarkably on the renal tuberculose.
4. Serum N. P. N.
The values were higher than normal.
5. Serum Cl
The values did not show any changeful results. The values of 1, 2, 3, above mentioned had a relationship each other.

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The various vital reactions occured to the sensitized animal were serologically observed on the sensitization of animal (rabbit) by the heterogeneous organic (gallbladder and colon) antigen. And the results were as follows.
1. The antibody reacting to the heterogeneous organic antigen was rapidly produced for 1-2 weeks after the beginning of the sensitization, on the sensitization by the heterogeneous organic antigen, it's antibody titer became the most high titer 3-4 weeks of the continuous sensitization and it continued for the fixed period.
2. As the vital reactions occured to the sensitized animals with the production of heterogenous antibody, the loss of weight decline of hemoglobin value and decrease of erythrocyte count, leukocytosis in the leukocyte count, lymphocytosis in the classification of leukocyte, decrease of total serum protein value and increase of γ-globulin in the serum protein picture and the vicissitude of α-, β-globulin preceeding to γ-globulin were observed.
3. The vicissitude of complement titer on the sensitization by the hetrogeneous organic (gallbladder and large intestine) antigen scarecely showed the change and it slightly showed the decreasing tendency at 5-6 week after th sensitization.
4. The heterogeneous organic antibody considerably showed the organic peculiarity to it's organic antigen on the crossreaction with each organic antigen. And the common antigenicity was partly observed on each organic antigen.

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The various vital reactions and pathohistological changes were observed on the administration of anti-gallbladder and colon mucosa-rabbit's serum which was obtained from the sensitization of rabbit by the emulsion of canine gallbladder and colon mucosa. And the results were as follows.
1. The intensity of vital reaction occured to the sensitized animal on the administration of anti-canine gallbladder and colon mucosa-rabbit's serum was depended upon the difference of each individual case, but it became intense in proportion to the antibody titer of antiserum administrated, dosis of injection and number of injection.
2. As for the serological change on the administration of the above described organic antiserum, the antibody titer to each antigen became the highest around 1 week after the administration and it returned to the preadministrative titer around 2 weeks after the administration. At that time, the vicissitude of complement titer did not show remarkable change respectively.
3. As for the change of serum protein picture, a little increase of γ-globulin was seen in the group with the administration of anti-canine gallbladder mucosa-rabbit's serum, but it was not remarkable in the group with the administration of anti-canine colon mucosa-rabbit's serum.
4. Since the pathohistological changes of each organ caused by the administration of anti-canine gallbladder and colon mucosa-rabbit's serum, those organic antiserum showed having the organic peculiarity comparatively.

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The serological properties of phospholipids were observed on the extraction of phospholid from the canine colon mucosa and the complement fixation test was done on the serum of patients in various disease. And the results were as follows.
1. The antigenicity of colon phospholipids antigen in vitro was a little high in comparison with that of the extracted antigen of colon mucosa by physiological salt solution, but the species specificity was not observed.
2. The positive cases of this reaction were 40 in 170 cases of various diseases and there were 22 cases with diseases of the digestive organ in them. Therefore, this reaction respectably had the specificity to diseases of the digestive organ.
3. The test of ulcerous colitis in diseases of digestive organ showed remarkable positive and the organic specificity of colon phospholipids was indicated.
4. No direct correlation between this reaction and the serological reaction of syphilis (Ogata's method) was not observed.
5. As for the correlation between this reaction and serum protein picture, the parallel correlation between this reaction and the increase of γ-globulin was considerably observed.
6. The correlation between the positive result of this reaction and the positivity of serum colloidal reaction was observed.

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With the purpose to study the feasibility of the methods for repairing the tympanic perforations which was left after chronic suppurative otitis media, the author performed permanent repair of tympanic perforations by three methods, namely, 1) after making a new wound on the margin of the perforation, it is closed by the transplantation of a free skin graft, 2) after making a new wound on the margin of the perforation, the closure is attempted with the transplantation of a graft from the buccal mucous membrane, and 3) first the margin of the perforation is cauterized with trichloracetic acid and then the closure is effected by patching a strip of human amniotic membrane. Following results were obtained.
1. Of the total of 43 cases receiving the repair of perforations in our clinic, the closure of the perforations was successful in 10 cases (58.8%) out of 17 that received the transplantation of human amniotic membrane; 8 cases (53.3%) out of 15 cases the free skin grafts method were used proved to be successful; and 8 cases (72.7%) out of 11 cases whose buccal mucous membrane were used as grafts proved successful.
2. Of 40 cases with central perforation the closure proved to be successful in 26 cases, while in 3 cases with marginal perforation it resulted all in failure.
3. The possibility of obtaining successful closure of the perforations is greater in those having dry middle ear cavity over one year before the operation than those with dry ear for less than one year.
4. Infection of the middle ear which had not been controlled before the surgery or occured after the surgery is one of the factors causing the failure of this operation.
5. After the repair of perforations it seems advisable to leave the graft alone without touching it until the demarcation between the graft and the tissue underneath (newly developed tympanic membrane) is completed.
6. The hearing before the operation, the preoperative hearing at the time when perforated tympanic membranes were patched with cigaret paper, and the hearing after the closure of perforations were studied and the following results were obtained.
a. The hearing improvement in the average of speech range after the closure is 14.2 db compared with the gain of 9.8 db when the cigaret paper was applied before the operation. In other words, the hearing improvement after the operative closure of perforations is slightly better than that anticipated preoperatively using cigaret paper.
b. The hearing is improved for all frequencies after the closure of the perforations, showing marked improvement for lower frequencies (128 cps-1024 cps).

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Recently an attempt to repair the perforated drum has become quite common. However, as regards the questions what histopathological finding could be observed in both the tympanic membrane and the transplanted graft, and whether such a graft would cover up the perforations to take place of the tympanic membrane, or the graft would play only a role aiding regeneration of the tympanic membrane, there are still no histopathological studies. In order to solve these questions central perforations in pars tensa of the tympanic membrane of rabbits were made with injection needles and these perforations were repaired by transplanting free skin or buccal mucous membrane graft from the same animals, and the following conclusion were obtained.
1. Of the 14 ears transplanted with free skin graft, in 7 cases (50%) the transplantation was successful, namely, the free skin graft adhered to the tympanic membrane. Of 10 ears receiving the transplantation of buccal mucous membrane graft it was successful in two cases. (20%).
2. By the fifth to sixth day after the transplantation, there could be observed no marked changes in the skin graft or in the buccal mucous membrane graft, and also no fibrous adhesion could be observed between the transplanted graft and the tympanic membrane.
3. On the seventh day it was observed that transplantation began to take hold of itself between the transplanted free skin graft or the buccal mucous membrane graft and the tympanic membrane.
4. In the case where the transplantation had come to take hold of itself, the epithelium of the mucous membrane of tympanic membrane, extending along the interior side of the transplanted graft, closed the perforation, and the submucous tissue of tympanic membrane adhered directly to the connective tissue of the skin graft or the buccal mucous membrane graft.
5. When the adhesion takes place, the grafted skin or the buccal mucous membrane loses their morphological characteristics. As the times go on, the structure of the grafted tissues is used to change metaplasically to the tissue which reminds us of the lamina propria of the tympanic membrane. In this instance the new tympanic membrane is quite thick at the beginning but it gradually becomes thinner.

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Since criteria of radiation sensitivity and therapeutic effects for radiation therapy of oral malignancies have not yet been established, the author made exfoliative cytologic investigation for this purpose.
Thirty-seven normal healthy dogs were utilized. Either a single large dose or fractional small doses of radiation were given, and smear specimens from the oral mucosa were examined immediately and the every day for approximately one month. Thus radiation effects were studied on exfoliated epithelial cells.
Then in clinical cases of 29 oral neoplasms (25 carcinomas, 2 sarcomas, one plasmocytoma and one lymphangioma) radiation therapy was made and smears were taken from the surface of the neoplasms for study.
The results obtained were as follows:
1. In the animal experiments, changes in the exfoliated cells were noticed when a total dose of more than 2, 000 r in both single large and fractional small doses were used and they appeared around the thirteenth day following the start of irradiation.
2. In the clinicalcases radiation effects were noticed in the exfoliated cells around ten days after the beginning of irradiation, at which time the average doses were 1, 700 r, 2, 700 mgh (radium) and 2, 151 mch (Co⁶⁰).
3. Cellular changes which were considered to be radiation effects were multinucleation, nuclear enlargement, abnomal structure of the chromatin, poor staining effect, and abnormal enlargement of the cells as a whole, atypia and anisocytosis.
4. Clinical cases were classified into good RR (radiation reaction), in which marked changes of exfoliated cells were noticed, and poor RR, in which no marked changes were noticed. As a results of this study, it was found that there was a more marked therapeutic effect in the cases showing good RR than in those showing poor RR.
5. It was determined that exfoliative cytological examinations during radiation therapy were valuble clinical devicesand that its use is simple and practical to the oral cavity.

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The influences of cortical hormones on the secretory ability of fructose and citric acid in semen were investigated comparing with testosterone with normal male mouse. The experiments were carried out on two groups, one was administrated for 5 days and the other was for 10 days. Each group was injected testosterone propionate (5 mg/kg/day), ACTH (2 units/kg/day) and cortisone (5 mg/kg/day) and the weight of seminal vesicles and the contents of fructose and citric acid were determined.
1. The weight of seminal vesicles and the contents of fructose and citric acid showed obviously increases by testosterone propionate and these were paralled to the amounts of testosterone to be administrated in mouse.
2. The contents of fructose and citric acid were also increased by the administration of ACTH but these were only 30% and 20% respectively comparing with testosterone.
3. The contents of functose and citric acid were also increased by the administration of cortisone but these were only 13% and 12% respectively comparing with testosterone.

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The influences of cortical hormones on the secretory ability of fructose and citric acid in semen were investigated with castrated mouse. The experiments were carried out exactly the same as stated in repost 1 with castrated mouse.
1. The weight of seminal vesicles and the contents of fructose and citric acid showed obviously decreases by the castration, but these were returned to normal and paralleled to the amounts of testosterone to be administrated in castrated mouse.
2. The weight of seminal vesicles and the contents of fructose and citric acid were also increased by the administration of ACTH and cortisone in castrated mouse, but the effects of these hormones were extremely slight comparing with testosterone.

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The influences of adrenalectomy on the secretory ability of fructose and citric acid in semen were investigated. The experiments were carried out on two groups, one was administrated for 3 days and the other was not administrated as blank, and the weight of seminal vesicles and the contents of fructose and citric acid were determined. The amounts of hormones used in this experiments were same as steted in report 1.
1. The weight of seminal vesicles and the contents of fructose and citric acid were obviously decreased by adrenalectomy.
2. Testosterone propinnate showed slight effects on the amounts of fructose and citric acid comparing with the blank.
3. No effects could be found by the administration of ACTH but contrarily. the weight of seminal vesicles and the amounts of fructose and citric acid showed mostly the same as in normal and the amounts of fructose was slightly decreased than the normal by the administration of cortisone.

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The influences of vitamin E on uric acid formation were investigated with normal male guinea pigs by the administration of 50 mg of vitamin E into seminal vesicles through vas deferens. The experiment was carried out on two groups, one was continuous (5 mg, 10 day) and the other was interval (10 mg, 5 times at every other day) administration. The concentration of uric acid in blood was determined at before administration and at 15, 30. 60 minutes, 3 hours and 5 hours respectively.
1. Both continuous and interval administration caused the increasing of uric acid concentration in blood comparing with saline administration in semial vesicles.
2. The mean uric acid concentration reached a peak at 10 days and at 15 to 60 minutes which was significantly higher in continuous administration.

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The influences of vitamin C on uric acid formation were investigated with normal male guinea pigs by the administration of 50 mg of vitamin C into seminal vesicles through vas deferens. The experiments were carried out exactly the same as stated in report 1 and results were as followed.
1. The mean uric acid concentration in blood increased significantly at 15 minutes (5 times higher than normal) and reached a peak at 30 minutes (6 times higher than normal) and then gradually decreased at 5 hours which was not still returned to normal.
2. Comparing with the continuous and interval administration, the latter experiment showed much stronger results than the former and the increasing of the total doses manifest the increase of uric acid formation but not always paralleled.

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The influences of vitamin B₂ on uric acid formation were investigated with normal male guinea pigs by the administration of 50 mg of vitamin B₂ into semial vesicles through vas deferens. The experiments were performed exactly the same as stated in report 1 and the results were as followed.
1. The mean uric acid concentration in blood reached a peak at 15 minutes and gradually decreased at 5hours which was not still returned to normal.
2. The ability of uric acid formation was depended on the amount of vitamin B₂ to be administrated into seminal vesicles and these effects were much induced by large amount as illustrated in interval administration.

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With the purpose to determine the relationships between noise and various hearing losses, the author studied the masking phenomena of the pure tone by air conduction and bone conduction in the presence of noises composed of various frequency components (although these were not completely white noise); and obtained the following results.
1. The masking curve of the normal ear in the presence of a given amount of noise approximately parallels with the spectrum curve obtained by the analysis of the noise employed.
2. The relationship between the change in the level of noise and the consequently appeared transition of the threshold under masking in the normal ear, differs according to differences in the frequency in the starting point of masking, but it changes in a straight line once the masking starts to take effect.
3. By drawing a masking curve under a given amount of noise of 108 ears with hearing loss, this curve was compared with the standard masking curve, the curve drawn from the average value of hearing threshold of 20 normal ears in the presence of 60-phone noise. As the results it has been found that:
A) Even if the difference between the two curves is under 5 db or as much as 10 db, as long as there is one or two frequencies only; namely, those that show the curve (the curve of unisolated type) that is about parallel with the standard curve occupy as much as the whole of those with conductive deafness, about 76.4 per cent of those with perceptive deafness and 70 per cent of those with mixed deafness.
B) Those that show a relatively big difference between the two curves, for example, a curve (curve of isolated type) that shows a difference as much as over 10 db, can be found in perceptive and mixed deafness. Four cases assumed to have retrolabyrinthine deafness show an uuexpectedly high value of the threshold along with the increase in the noise level, and also the changes in the their threshold transition are not in a straight line.
4. In order to study the relationship between the change in the noise level and the change in the threshold transition, the masking curve (standard curve) that shows the transfer of the normal ear threshold due to noise was compared with the masking curve of deaf ear.
A) The curve (type I) where the transition of the threshold of deafness does not move so much as it will intersect the standard curve can be seen in 79 per cent; and next, the curve (type II) where the transition of the threshold moves as much as it intersects the standard curve can be observed in 21 per cent, showing the type I curve in a decidedly greater percentage.
B) In observing the rate of appearance of the type I curve according to the sorts of deafness, namely, conduction deafness, perceptive and mixed ones, it is greatest in conduction deafness, followed by mixed one, and perceptive one in the order mentioned.
5. The curve (type A) which moves in a straight line about parallel with the standard curve from the time when the threshold of deaf ear starts to move under noise can be seen in 83 per cent; and the curve (type B) which gradually approaches the standard curve after the initiation of the threshold movement can be observed in 5 per cent; and the curve (type C) that moves rapidly away from the standard curve after the initiation of the threshold transfer can be seen in 12 per cent, indicating a preponderance of type A curve.
6. The masking curve of bone conduction in various ears, the same as in the case of air conduction, moves approximately in parallel with the curve obtained by the analysis of noise effect, and by the chages in the noise level the threshold moves in a straight line. Generally the rise in the threshold value is less in bone conduction than in air conduction, and the masking curve in conduction deafness somewhat coincides with that in normal ears. Moreover, the rate of appearance of type II curve is great in perceptive deafness.

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