For the differentiation of the lymphadenomatous diseases the classical, histological methods have been generaly employed. Therefore, the clinical tissue culture and the fluorochrominized tissue culture both devised in our laboratory were applied for the differential diagnosis of the swollen lymph nodes, and the following results were obtained.
1) Findings in the clinical tissue culture of lymph nodes.: The growth zone of the tissue culture of non-pathologic lymph node was densely packed with cells in the central portion, but less densely in the peripheral portion. In the lymph node of lymphadenits simplex, the cell growth was more active than that of non-pathologic one, while in the lymph node of reticulosarcoma, tuberculosis, Hodgkin's disease and metastasis of cancer, the cell growth was mostly poor.
2) Fluorescence microscopic findings of the fluorochrominized tissue culture of lymph nodes.: The growth zone of non-pathologic lymph node presented diffusely yellowish green color, sparsely intermingled with reddish orange fluorescent spots. As to the pathologic lymph node with poor cell growth, tissue culture in both reticulosarcoma and Hodgkin's disease presented the same yellowish green color with reddish orange fluorescent spots, but in Hodgkin's disease fluorescence had more reddish hue. In metastatic lymph nodes of cancer, massive reddish orange fluorescence within the green explant was observed because of cancer tissues.
3) To conclude these results, the differential diagnosis of the swelling of lymph nodes could be facilitated by the clinical and fluorochrominized tissue culture of lymph nodes.

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The growth zone of lymph node tissue culture from various leukemias was observed by the clinical tissue culture and fluorochrominized tissue culture both devised in our laboratory, and the following results were obtained.
1) In the clinical tissue culture, the cells in the growth area of acute leukemia were extremely dense and the boundary of the growth area was sharply defined. In chronic lymphatic leukemia and monocytic leukemia the growth pattern was somewhat similar to that of acute leukemia.
2) In the fluorochrominized tissue culture, the growth area of lymph node tissue culture of lymphatic leukemia, revealed yellow fluorescence owing to the yellowish hue of lymphatic cells, while in myelogenaus leukeima, the central area of growth zone displayed greenish color owing to the immature cells and the peripheral area presented reddish orange hue resulting from the fluorescence of granules of the mature cells. In monocytic leukemia, the growth zone showed such various colors as green, yellow and reddish orange because of the fluorescence of monocytic cells and lymphocytes.
3) Accordingly, by the pattern and fluorescence of the growth area, the differential diagnosis of various leukemias could be made with certainty at low magnification by fluorescence microscopy.

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The effects of several antileukemic agents on the function of leukemic lymph nodes were studied with the clinical tissue culture of lymph nodes of murine lymphatic leukemia. First the author performed clinical tissue culture of lymph nodes from a normal mouse with adition of urethane, alkylating agents, 6-mercaptopurine and steroid hormones in serial concentrations and established their maximal concentration in the medium, which did not inhibit the lymph node cell growth. Then, the author observed the effects of direct adition of urethane, alkylating agents, 6-mercaptopurine and steroid hormones at the maximal concentration on the relative growth of the tissue, wandering velocity of the cells and cell density in the lymph node tissue culture of murine lymphatic leukemia, and obtained the following results.
In acute lymphatic leukemia the inhibitory effects could be recognized in the descending order of prednisolone, cortisone and ACTH; and nitromin showed a slight inhibition, but the other antileukemic agents exerted little inhibitory action.

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On a colloidal solution for the functional examination of human reticuloendothelial system that will withstand the intra venous injection, Kobayashi of our laboratory and the author have proposed the following requirements as essential: 1) that it should not become a source of heterogenous protein; 2) that it should be readily sterilized; 3) that it should be easily prepared and radioisotope can readily be added to it: 4) that its granule distribution is colloidchemically adequate and the diameter of granules is uniform in size; 5) that it is stable and can be harvested for use any time after storage; and 6) that, after being phagocytized by the reticuloendotheilal system in vivo, it would enter the next metabolic step effectively without eliciting inhibitory phenomenon and should be not harmful in vivo.
However, we have as yet no colloidal solutions that meet satisfactorily these conditions. Therefore, the authors have selected some of iron colloids that are of loose binding in nature for this purpose, and conducted a series of screening texts with them. As the result it has been possible to prepare several new loose-binding iron colloid solutions. The present communication deals briefly with the colloidal chemical properties of these preparations.
The conclusions reached may be stated as follows:
1. It has been found that glycyl-lycine iron colloid, serum iron colloid, chondroitin iron phosphate colloid, glutamic iron colloid, and ATP iron colloid are all loose-binding colloids, and with only a slight lowering of pH, Fe… can readily be released, without causing iron-blocking in the reticulo-endothelial system, and thus enabling Fe… to enter readily into the next metabolic step.
2. More than 80% of glycyl-lycine irrn colloid is cmposed of colloidal granules of the size ranging 400-800Å, being approximately uniform in size and distributed evenly, and when brought in contact with serum or plasma its granule distribution becomes more satisfactory.
3. When 100 mg glycyl-lycine is made to bind to Fe…, up to 3 mg equivaleut of Fe… turn to a stable sol.
4. Glycyl-lycine iron colloid stays in the form of sol at the pH between 5.7 and 8.4, but it transforms to lyogel below pH 5.6, and above pH 8.5 to coagel.
5. Glycyl-lychine iron colloid can be prepared raedily and it can be sterilized completely.
6. Even when glycyl-lycine iron colloid tranforms from sol to gel, the size of individual colloidal granules remains unchanged excepts for the change in the size of micelles, and the colloid form of sol and gel is reversible by the change of pH.
These results have verified conclusively that glycyl-lycine iron colloid is almost an ideal colloid for the use in examining the function of human reticulo-endothelial system, judging from its chemical properties.

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As the result of biological-metabolic experiments with loose-binding glycyl-lycine iron colloid, whict has been proven to be almost an ideal colloid for the use in examining the function of reticulo-endothelial system (as described in Part 1), using mice and rabbits, the following conclusions were drawn.
1. In the case of intravenous injection to mice LD₅₀ of this colloid solution proves to be 1.25 ml/20 g (solution containing 100γ Fe… plus 10 mg/ml of glycyl-lycine), and when 1/3 of this amount is used as a fixed dose for the tracing of the reticulo-endothelial system, there can be observed no side-effects and it yields the desired result.
2. It has been demonstrated that immediately after the in travenous iujection phagocytosis of this colloid solution commences rapidly and Fe… can be detected in reticulo endothelial cells, and subsequently it is utilized for hemoglobin synthesis. Experimentally, it is observed that phagocytotic phase and iron metabolic phase are distinct and in addition, the retension in the reticulo-endothelial system is rapidly released.
3. This iron colloid can reveal precisely any experimental abnormality of the reticulo-endothelial function. It has been shown that the funcfion of reticulo-endothelial system should be studied from two angles of phagocytosis and utilization, and that there is room for further clitical study on the unilateral approach in this study.
4. Compararative studies on the efficiency of commercial, hard-binding iron colloid with this loose-binding colloid have demonstrated that cellular blocking occurs least with this new iron colloid in vivo. In addition, similar comparisons made in vitro likewise verify this point.
5. In the comparison of this colloid with serum iron colloid, no superiority can be seen with either one as regards the efficiency in vivo metabolism. Therefre, it can safely be said that glycyl-lycine iron colloid is superior from the viewpoint of it being a non-biological preparation.
These findings support the author's belief that glycyl-lycine iron colloid is the best available substance at present for the clinical use in exmamining the function of reticulo-endothelial system and also as an excellent therapeutic agent for iron-deficiency anaemia.

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We have succeeded in preparing a loose-binding glycyl-lycine iron colloid that is almost an ideal colloid for the use in the examination of the human reticulo-endothelial function as well as for animal experiments. Therefore, we used this colloid labeled with ⁵⁹Fe clinically, and obtained the following results.
1. It has been proven that this labeled colloid does not at all show any ill clinical effects such as colloidal shock, heavy metal poisoning and injury resulting from internal irradiation by ⁵⁹Fe, inclusive of even those patients of poor risk.
2. As a routine method for the examination of the reticulo-endothelial function by glycyl-lycine, we injecr intravenously 10 ml-50kg body weigh of the colloid solution containing 100 mg glycyl-lycine, 1mg fe…, and 10-20μc ⁵⁹Fe, draw out the blood at three intervals of 4 minutes, one hour, and 4 days after the injection, and assay ⁵⁹Fe with whole blood. From these assays we obtain the rate of phagocytosis: (1- 1 hour value/4 min value)×100% and the rate of utilization: 4 days' value/4 min value×100%, with serve as criteria.
3. Normal range of the phagocytotic rate by this method is 50-70% and that of the utilization rate is 50-100%. In contrast, in the case of pathologic conditions these values deviate from their normal range. Therefore, the authors entertain a great expectation that this new method will play a new clinical role in the determination of the function of human reticulo-endothelial system.

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Glycyl-lycine iron colloid prepared by the author has been demonstrated to be an excellent colloid by its chemical properties for the use in examining the function of human reticuloendothlial system as well as that in experimental animals. The present communication deals briefly with the results of the study on the tumor-host relationship in gastric cancer patient by means of this loose-binding iron colloid.
1. Differing from the results obtained by the methods previously used, the study by this method has shown that generally the phagocytotic ability and utilization potential of the reticulo-endothelial system in gastric cancer are in an accelerated state in most of the cases and althongh in some of those at terminal stage these are inhibited, even so there are others who show accelerated conditions. However, in those at the stage of IV who received anticancer treatment, some show less utilization ability suggestive of adverse effect.
2. On observing the reticulo-endothelial function coupled with the blood precipitation values by means of this method, there is none at all who reveals normal range in both of these values even in cancer of early stage, always demonstrating abnormal values in either one of the two. Those who show abnormal values in both are the ones who have progressed to the stage III or IV.
3. In the study on the degree of cell infiltration in gastric cancer those with circumscribed cancer have been shown definitely to reveal that both the phagocytotic phase and utilization phase are either normal or accelerated, and at least there is none who shows inhibition of either of the two.
4. Histological study on the interstitial reaction of the tissue at the site of gastric cancer indicates that along with advance of cancer lymphoplasmocytic reactions and fibrous reaction are in negative mutual relationship, but the degrees of these interstitial reactions do not have any significant correlation to the potency of the reaction of systemic reticulo-endothelial system.
From these date the author is of the opinion that this method for the examination of the reticulo-endothelial function has opened an entirely new vista of approach.

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Effect on serum protein in rabbit irradiated the whole body and the woman irradiated the breast were studied by the paper electrophoretic technique. The rabbits irradiated with X-rays were divided into 2 groups. The first group was irradiated daily with 300 R of X rays for 10 days. The second group was irradiated with 3000 R at a time. The woman group was irradiated daily wtih 300 R of X-rays for 10 days. Data obtained from the present study are summarized as follows:
1) It was found that slight decreases of alubumin fraction and A/G ratio were observed in each group after X-rays irradiation.
2) There were significiant increases of α₂- and β-globulin fractions.
3) Abrupt increases of β-lipoprotein fraction and β/α ratio were also observed in the same each group after irradiation.

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C₅₇-Black and Strong A mice were forced for physical exercise of five minutes to two and a half hours long running on treadmill or swimming just before the irradiation, then the influence of these exercises upon the radiation sensitivity was investigated, getting the results as follows:
1) The concentration of lactic acid or pyruvic acid was the highest in relatively short time after the beginning of the exercise (about 10 minutes by running and about 5 minutes by swimming).
2) Brief execise (in which lactic or pyruvic acid was assumed to be in the highest concentration level) was not observed to be effective for protection on suvival rate (30 days), average survival span or the change of body weight.
3) It was assumed that optimal preirradiation exercise functioned as a protective mechanism against lethal dose of irradiation. But it seemed to need more time than the one descrived in the item 2). In this experiment, lactic acid level was quite low when measured at the end of the apparent effective exercise.
4) It was concluded that accumulation of lactic acid had no relationship with protective effect against radiation injuries.
5) Consequently, oxygen debt seemed not to be related with the mechanism of modification of the sensitivity against irradiation.

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Strong A and C₅₇-Black mice were given electroshock seizure immediately before the irradiaton and the effect of muscular convulsion against radiation injuries was investigated with reference to the concentration of lactic acid in blood.
On the other hand the variation of the radiation sensitivity among the irradiated controls which were irradiated at different time was examined.
The results were as follows:
1) It was observed that electroshock seizure had no protective effects against radiadiation injuries, even though it caused extremely high blood lactic acid content.
2) The change of radiation sensitivity was not observed by means of repeating electroshock prior to irradiation.
3) Same strain mice sometimes showed significant difference of radiation sensitivity when the time of X-ray irradiation was differed. So it was confirmed that experimenal group and irradiated control should be irradiated at the same time.

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It is a well-known fact that at the time of administration of sulfadrug to normal subjects, its metabolism is done mostly in liver and kidney. From my experimental results, I confirmed the exsistence of autonomous sulfadrug metabolism in the skin like liver and kidney.
Results:
1) After oral administration of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) to rabbit, acetyl-PABA was measured quantitativly in the skin and other 10 organs, and the ratio of acetylation in the skin showed the smallest level of all 11 organs.
2) In injured and normal skin, each ratio of acetylation was almost the same.
3) Quantitative analysis of gurucuronic acid in normal skin showed 0.98 mg/100g by modified Fishman's method.
4) Qualitative experiments using paper chromatography and thin layer chromatography showed that metabolized sulfadrug (Sulfathiazole) was identified in spots Rf 0.55, 0.09, after incubating Sulfathiazole in the skin homogenate 2 hrs., at 37°C. Then, both metabolites seem to be N⁴-acetylsulfathiazole and Sulfathiazole-N⁴-gurucosidouronate.

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Experimental diapedetic hemorrhage was produced in rabbits and the fine structures of mesenterial microvessels were observed.
On extracorporeal bypass with hypothermia, induced hypocalcemic state and fibrinolysis, diapedesis of erythrocytes was observed in the venular side of microcirculation (postcapillary venule, capillary-venule junction and venule). On the contrary, no diapidesis was observed in true capillary and arteriolar side.
Sticking of blood cells to venular wall prior to diapedesis was proved, electron microscopically, to be the state in which red blood cells trapped in the gaps on the endohelial junction. It was considered to be the morphological findings of the prediapedetic state.
Erythrocytes passed through gaps on the endothelial junctions with their high plasticities under any diapedetic conditions metioned above.
In auther's experiments, erythrocytes were observed intravascularly and extravascularly, but no erythrocyte was observed just passing through the basement membrane under both light and electron microscopy, probably because of its high speed process.

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Phonocardiographic studies were made on 122 cases of Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD), consisting of 40 cases of Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), 35 of Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), 21 of Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA), 21 of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and 5 of Pulmonary Stenosis (PS). The following results were obtained.
1. Intensity ratio of the first heart sound (I sound) was increased in ASD and TOF, rather decreased in PS. In every disease, intensity ratio was diminished after intracardiac operation.
2. Splitting interval of I sound (Ia-Ib interval) was within normal limits and was considered of little clinical significance.
3. Ib/Ia ratio diminished after corrective surgery.
4. Q-I interval was slightly prolonged in all diseases except PS and was prolonged after corrective surgery in ASD and TOF (Blalock-Taussig's operation),
5. Pulmonary ejection sound was found in 47.5% of ASD, 57.1% of VSD and 20% of PS. Q-Ejection sound (Q-E) interval was 0.12 sec. in ASD, 0.11 sec. in VSD and 0.10 sec. in PS on an average. Ejection sound appeared at a higher rate in ASD with pulmonary hypertension (PH) or high right ventricular pressure (RV-press.), in VSD with high RV-press. or in mild PS, being or diminished after corrective surgery. Aortic ejection sound appeared in 47.6% of TOF. Q-E interval was 0.11 sec. in TOF on an average. It appeared independently of RV-press. and remained after surgical correction.
6. Splitting of the second heart sound (IIA-IIP interval) was within normal limits in VSD and PDA, and was prolonged in ASD, TOF and PS. It was shortened after corrective surgery in all case. It was roughly proportional to shunt ratio in ASD and showed a tendency to be prolonged in ASD with PS. In PS, the higher RV-press., the more longer the IIA-IIP interval.
7. IIP/IIA ratio was higher in ASD, and lower in VSD, TOF and PS. After corrective surgery, it was increased in PS and decreased in the other diseases. 70.4% of ASD with IIP/IIA ratio higher than 1.0, had shunt ratio higher than 50%. In ASD with PS, the amplitude of IIP was smaller and in ASD with PH, it was larger. In VSD with PH, it was larger. Mild TOF showed IIP. IIP of TOF appeared frequently following Blalock-Taussig's operation. In occasional severe cases of PS, amplitude of IIP was smaller.
8. Frequency in appearance of the third heart sound (III sound) was higher in VSD than ASD. No changes were found after corrective surgery in all diseases. In TOF, III sound appeared infrequently, but following Blalock-Taussig's operation it was found frequently. There was no appearance of III sound in PS.
9. Eddy sound showed a tendency to be appeared in PDA with higher shunt ratio and disappeared after corrective surgery.
10. Pattern of systolic murmur (SM) showed Plateau type or Crescendo-Decrescendo (Cres. Decres.) type in most ASD and showed Cres. Decres. type in most ASD with PS. In ASD with large shunt ratio and high RV-press., there were a tendency to be showed Cres. Decres. type. It disappeared or changed to Plateau type after corrective surgery. Plateau type showed common in small VSD and Cres. type showed common in large VSD. It disappeared or changed to Plateau type after corrective surgery. Pattern of SM in most TOF showed Plateau type. In two of them, no murmur found, aud in three cases after Blalock-Taussig's operation, continuous murmur was showed. In PS, murmur showed Plateau type after corrective surgery.
11. Peak of SM shifted backward in ASD with sharp pressure gradient and there was more delayed the peak of SM in cases of ASD with PS. Peak of SM had no significant relation with shunt ratio or PA-press., but if defect was large, it showed a tendency to shift forward. In VSD, peak of SM stood more backward than in ASD, and if complicated with PH, it stood early in systole. After corrective surgery, it stood in mid-systole.

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Phonocardiographic changes were studied on 31 cases of Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD) and 9 normal person with innocent murmur with inhalation of Amyl Nitrite and on 10 cases with intravenous administration of Phenylephrine (Neo-Synesin, Kowa).
1. Pulse rate increased with an average of 25 in 30 sec. and 12 in 60 sec. after inhalation of Amyl Nitrite. It decreased with an average of 10 in 1 to 3 min. after administration of Phenylephrine and returned to roughly equal to control in 5 to 8 min..
2. Systemic blood pressure dropped with an average of 24.8 mmHg in 30 sec. and 7.7 mmHg in 60 sec. after inhalation of Amyl Nitrite.
It rised with an average of 24 mmHg in 1 to 3 min. and 9.7 mmHg in 5 to 8 min. after administration of Phenylephrine.
3. Cardiac cycle was shortened of higher grade in diastole than systole after Amyl Nitrite and was prolonged of higher grade in diastole than in systole after Phenylephrine
4. Heart sounds: After inhalation of Amyl Nitrite, amplitude of the first heart sound (I sound) increased and it of the second heart sound (II sound) decreased. IIP/IIA ratio increased. Diminution in amplitude of IIA was more marked compared to IIP. After administration of Phenylephrine, amplitude of both I sound and II sound increased.
5. Pattern of murmurs: After inhalation of Amyl Nitrite, pattern of murmurs showed no marked changes in Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and Innocent Murmur (IM) and it changed to plateau type in most Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), postoperative VSD (op. VSD) and Pulmonary Stenosis (PS). Continuous murmur in typical Patent Duct Arteriosus (PDA) changed typical non-cotinuous murmur. After administration of Phenylephrine, no marked changes were showed in most of CHD, except that component of diastolic murmur in PDA was prolonged.
6. Intensity of systolic murmurs: After inhalation of Amyl Nitrite, intensity of murmurs showed a tendency to be increased in ASD, PS, op. VSD and IM, to be decreased in VSD, PDA and TOF, but in VSD infundibular stenosis or pulmonary hypertension, it was rather increased. After administration of Phenylephrine, it was increased in most cases, and it was more promnenFt in VSD than ASD.
7. Peak of systolic murmurs: after Amyl Nitrite, peak showed no marked changes in ASD, op. VSD and IM and showed a tendency to shift forward in the other diseases. No definite relation with Phenylephrine was observed.
8. Duration ratio of murmurs: After inhalation of Amyl Nitrite, showed a tendency to be shortened in VSD, PDA and TOF and to be increased in ASD and PS. After Phenyleprine in showed a tendency to be prolonged in ASD and to be shortened in VSD.
9. Test of Amyl Nitrite inhalation has been proved to be useful in differentiation of so-called innocent murmurs of op. VSD from systolic murmur of residual VSD.
10. Test of Phenylephrine has been proved to be useful in differentiation PDA from atypical PDA and other diseases.

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A comparative study of α-mercaptopropionylglycine (α-M P G) as a therapeutic chelating agent for excess tissue iron in the liver with commercially available drugs was undertaken. The drugs used for the compari on were B A L, penicillamine, sodium dithiocarbamate and desferrioxamine B. The materials studied were 11 cases of moderate to severe hepatic hemosiderosis, either primary or secondary, diagnosed with needle liver biopsy specimens. The results were as follows:
1) The decrease of serum iron, disappearance or reduction of stainable tissue iron in the liver, depigmentation of the skin were induced by parenteral or oral administration of α-M P G at the daily dosis of 200 to 450 mg for 2 to 6 months. The phenomena were explained as the results of a chelating effect of α-M P G on excess tissue iron in the liver.
2) No significant effect on essential serum electrolyte such as potassium, calcium was observed during the α-M P G administration.
3) No undesirable side effect was noted, therefore, a prolonged administration was practicable.
4) Iron excretion into the urine was less intense than that with dithiocarbamate, however, it was more intense than that with penicillamine. On the other hand, iron excretion into the feces was observed in the decreasing order with dithiocarbamate, desferrioxamine B, penicillamime, and α-M P G. The daily excretion of iron into urine amounted 2 to 4 mg with α-M P G.

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It requires a serious consideration on the recent increase in the number of cases of posttransfusion hepatitis. In contrast to infectious hepatitis, the majority of the cases with this condition tends to show a prolonged chronic course and develop into liver cirrhosis and for such a condition early hospitalization and exhaustive treatment are urgent.
At the present stage where have as yet to discover hepatitis virus, diagnosis for posttransfusion hepatitis is generally established on the over-all findings collected from the conditions of transfused blood and plasma, subjective and objective symptoms, findings of liver function tests, and peritoneoscopic findings combined with the histopathological studies by liver biopsy, but the diagnosis based on the histological findings seems to be the most reliable one. For the purpose to make a diagnosis accurately as ealy as possible, the author has established a criteria for the diagnosis in terms of liver function tests by comparing the function with the histological findings.
The sujects of the present study were consisted of 244 cases of those who underwent surgical operation and received blood transfusion, and 46 cases who received surgical operation but no transfusion during the period from September, 1964 to January, 1965 at the Okayama University Hospital and the Yuwakuni National Hospital, and these cases were followed up peiodically for their liver function. The histopathological examinations with liver biopsy specimens revealed that 3 cases proved to be normal, 8 cases with hepatosis, 32 cases with acute viral hepatitis. By studying GPT and BSP (45') values in each group of these conditions and by determining the threshold values of those having acute viral hepatitis, the following criteria in terms of liver function tests has been established for the diagnosis.
I. In the cases beyond the 30th day after blood transfusion
1. GPT proves to be over 150 units;
2. In the cases whose GPT is between 149 and 90 units,
(i) there are those whose GPT activity persist over two weeks, or
(ii) those whose BSP (45') value is over 10%
3. In those who maintain GPT value between 89 and 60 units more than two weeks and BSP over 10%;
II. For those showing disturbances of the liver function prior to the 30th day after transfusion and with GPT of less than 60 units, namely, those suspicious cases who do not satisfy the criteria, follow-up observations are to be continued and biopsy of liver is recommended.
Misdiagnosis occurring in the dagnosis by the criteria proved to be 5/52 cases, and four of tham were the cases of diabetics. Other examinations of liver function failed to help early diagnosis of this conition.

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A study was conducted to elucidate the occurence of post-transfusion hepatitis on the basis of the criteria established in the previous report (Part I).
The subjects for this investigation were 190 cases out of the 259 cases who received surgicical opertion and blood transfusion during the period from September, 1964 to January, 1965 in the Okayama University Hospital along with 46 cases of the control. They were followed up at intervals one week, and once every month periodically after the blood transfusion by checking mainly their liver function at our outpatient clinic. These subjects were consisted of 22 cases operated for the head and spine, 39 cases for the heart and large vessels, 28 cases for the upper abdomen, 91 cases for the viscera in hypogastric region (cancer of uterus, rectum, etc.) and 10 cases for others.
By the criteria for the post-transfusion hepatitis 76 cases (40%) out of the 190 proved to be positive, but none in the control group. The histoloical examination of the liver by endoscopic biopsy revealed two cases of diabetics. Thus, in making the correction on the basis of biopsy diagnosis, the incidence of post-transfusion hepatitis amounts to 74/190 cases or 38.9%. Of them icteric hepatitis amounts to 12.1%, making 68.9% of them to be of anicteric type. Relative to the site of operation, the incidendence of post-transfusion hepatitis is 61.5% in those operated for the heart and large vesses, 54.5% in those for the head and spine, 33.0% in those for the viscera in hypogastric region, and 21.4% in those for the upper abdomen. The incidence of icteric type was higher in those operated for the head and spine (18.2%) than the heart and large vessels (15.4%). As for infants the majority of whom underwent heart operation, the follow-up study by examination of the liver function revealed 14 cases (56%) out of 25, showing a high rate of post-transfusion hepatitis, and the incidence of the icteric type was as low as two cases (8%) which accounts for a relatively low incidence of juandice in the group of the heart and large vessels. The amount of transfused blood is most closely related to the rate of incidence of this disease, and differences in the incidence due to the operation site, sex, age and the kinds of blood, can be explained by their relation to the amount of blood transfused. Further, it has been demonstrated that irrespective of fresh blood or other donated or stocked blood, the incidence of post transfusion hepatitis grows higher in proportion to the increase in the amount of blood transfused.
Apart from these results, there were observed some cases developing this condition on even when the blood donor had no abnormality of the liver function, proving that it is extremely difficult to detect silent carrier that induces post-transfusion hepatitis.

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