オリエント

マリにおける公的祭儀と民間信仰 -パンテオンに関連にして-

中田一郎

1976 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 1-15,103
発行日: 1976/09/30
公開日: 2010/03/12

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5356/jorient.19.1

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This paper is a comparative study of the official and popular pantheons of Old Babylonian Mari. The official pantheon is known from the so called Mari “Pantheon List, ” while the popular pantheon is considered to be reflected in the configuration of deities mentioned in the Mari personal names. Of some 130 deities known from the thus far published OB Mari texts, 20 who are the most important either in the official pantheon or in the popular pantheon are chosen for this study (References are made to other deities as well.). These 20 deities neatly fall into three distinct groups. Addu, Dagan, Šamaš and Ea of Group A are most important in both pantheons. Here, the two pantheons are in complete agreement. Diritum, Belet-ekallim, Itur-Mer, Nergal, Ninhursagga and Annunitum of Group B are highly regarded in the official pantheon, but are almost totally unknown in the popular pantheon. Most of these deities are well established members of the Babylonian pantheon. No West Semitic deities are included in this group. In a sharp contrast with this, El/Il, Sin, Ištar, Annu (m), Hammu, Erah, Lim, Išhara, Amum and Mamma of Group C are either completely ignored or poorly regarded in the official pantheon, but are quite popular in the popular pantheon. To be noted are the four West Semitic deities found in this group. Thus, differences between the two pantheons are clearly indicated by Groups B and C. Historically speaking, Groups A and B show no break between the Ur III period and the OB period. However, the four West Semitic deities in Group C appearing for the first time in OB Mari indicate a break between the two periods. This “discrepancy” can be explained by the double structure of Mari population consisting mainly of the Akkadian population and the new Amorite population.

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パレスチナに於けるミタンニ文化の影響

後藤光一郎

1976 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 17-31,104
発行日: 1976/09/30
公開日: 2010/03/12

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5356/jorient.19.17

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In Palestine, the so-called “Tree of Life” motif had been represented repeatedly on Late Bronze Age potteries and cylinder seals. The style on the latters reflects almost Mitannian common style. In this connection, the author defined characteristics to the Mitannian glyptic or ornamental representation as following: 1) Union Jack pattern, 2) lattice pattern and 3) maximum use of drilling in the Tree of Life and animals of peculiar style, according to Speiser and Buchanan.
Tracing the cylinder seals under such conditions unearthed in Palestine back to archaeological context, it was attested that they were distributed to or around some of the public or sacred Late Bronze Age constructions in the cities along the main or sub-international trade route. Most of these cities accord those which have been referred in the Amarna letters as politically or strategically important points. Active economic give-and-takes among the big powers in the Amarna Age Orient may have given them direct contacts to the Mitannian art through caravans via northern Syria and small groups of northern people settled in the cities.

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古代南アラビア史のクロノロジーに関する一考察

蔀勇造

1976 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 33-54,105
発行日: 1976/09/30
公開日: 2010/03/12

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5356/jorient.19.33

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This article discusses the chronology of the ancient South Arabian inscriptions during the first four centuries A. D., according to their palaeography.
In the first place, scrutinizing palaeographically the inscriptions whose period and provenance are certain, the author tries to show the following things.
(1) As J. Ryckmans suggested, the graphical differences don't always signify the differences of period, but can correspond with the differences of provenance. For example, in the inscriptions found in Himyar, we already find at the end of the 2nd century, evolved forms of “b”, “w”, “f”, which appear for the first time in the latter half of the 4th century in Saba.
(2) In Saba, “t” appears in the shape of italic “x” instead of roman “x” from ca. 100 to the end of the 3rd century.
(3) We should rather compare the graphical evolution of Hadrami inscriptions with that of Himyar than that of Saba.
In the next place, scrutinizing palaeographically some inscriptions containing the kings' names not yet identified, the author tries to arrange them chronologically.
Hamilton 8… in the latter half of the 1st cent.?
RES 4708… at the beginning of the 2nd cent.
Ingrams 1; RES 3910, 4196, 4912, 4938; Ja 648, 651; CIH 407… at the beginning of the 3rd cent.
RES 4913, 4914, 4915… in the 1st half of the 3rd cent.
RES 4909, 4910… in the middle of the 3rd cent.
RES 4698 (?), Ry 591… in the latter half of the 3rd cent.
RES 4230, Ja 652… at the end of the 3rd cent.
CIH 430, 569… at the beginning of the 4th cent.
RES 3960… in the 1st half of the 4th cent.

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キオウンボイドとイギリスの対エジプト政策

中岡三益

1976 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 55-65,106
発行日: 1976/09/30
公開日: 2010/03/12

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5356/jorient.19.55

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The purpose of this paper is to delineate the role of A. W. Keown-Boyd in the British policy towards Egypt's internal affairs during the period of the 1920's and 1930's.
A. W. Keown-Boyd was Director General of the European Department of the Ministry of the Interior, from its establishment in 1923 up to its aboiltion in 1937. During that period, he was in charge of protecting securities and interests of the Europeans in Egypt. He was called sometimes, behind his back, Minister of the Interior, and his hawkish policy towards Egypt's national liberation movements has been still within the memory of the contemporary Egyptian political leaders.
The name of A. W. Keown-Boyd has been, however, almost always neglected in the studies of Egypt's modern history or even political history of the 1920's and 1930's On the contorary, we can find so many materials in F. O. 141, F. O. 371 and F. O. 407, which show an eveidence of A. W. Keown-Boyd's important or even decisive role at the spear-head of the British colonial rule over Egypt.
In this paper, A. W. Keown-Boyd's role will be described, especially in relation to Egypt's labour movements, peasant unrests, rural securities, elections, party-politics, etc., on the basis of F. O. 141 materials.

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コンスタンティヌス四世時代のアラブ艦隊とコンスタンティノポリスの宗教会議

杉村貞臣

1976 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 67-76
発行日: 1976/09/30
公開日: 2010/03/12

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5356/jorient.19.67

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マハラジャーン・アル・ファーラービーの記 (バグダード, 1975年秋)

前嶋信次

1976 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 77-82
発行日: 1976/09/30
公開日: 2010/03/12

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5356/jorient.19.77

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C. H. ゴールドン著高橋正男訳『ウガリト文学と古代世界』日本基督教団出版局, 1976年5月刊, 284頁

柴山栄

1976 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 83-86
発行日: 1976/09/30
公開日: 2010/03/12

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5356/jorient.19.83

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日本サウディアラビア協会・日本クウェイト協会編 (編集委員代表・前嶋信次)『アラビア研究論叢 -民族と文化-』, 日本サウディアラビア協会・日本クウェイト協会, 1976年4月刊, 294頁 (非売品)

中岡三益

1976 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 87-88
発行日: 1976/09/30
公開日: 2010/03/12

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5356/jorient.19.87

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G. Pettinato, Das altorientalische Menschenbild und die sumerischen und akkadischen Schöpfungsmythen, Heidelberg, 1971, 164 S., 1 Tafel.

岡田明子

1976 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 89-92
発行日: 1976/09/30
公開日: 2010/03/12

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5356/jorient.19.89

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月例講演会

1976 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 96-99
発行日: 1976/09/30
公開日: 2010/03/12

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5356/jorient.19.96

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臨時講演会

1976 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 99-100
発行日: 1976/09/30
公開日: 2010/03/12

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5356/jorient.19.99

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