Bulletin of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan
Online ISSN : 1884-1406
Print ISSN : 0030-5219
ISSN-L : 0030-5219
Volume 30, Issue 2
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
  • Keigou NODA
    1987 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 1-13
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper I have tried to show how the Middle Persian past tense changed to what it is in New Persian. The Middle Persian past tense is constructed ergatively in terms of verb agreement, while the present tense is constructed accusatively. By constrast, New Persian has the accusative construction in both tenses. Thus, the change from Middle Persian to New Persian is a process called “accusativization”. I have tried to explain the mechanism of this process with reference to the notion of subject in ergative and accusative languages.
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  • Yasuko HATAMORI
    1987 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 14-27
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the Old and Middle Kingdoms, there were some settlements called niwt mr, “pyramid cities.” These “cities” were founded near the pyramid complexes in order to insure the funerary cults of the dead kings. The inhabitants worked there only for that purpose. In spite of its limited purpose, these “pyramid cities” provide us with good materials which reveals the problem, what the ancient egyptian settlements were like.
    In this paper, I will look at what kind of institutions these “cities” were composed of. The following are disclosed:
    (1) Certainly after the 4th Dynasty, the most pyramids had their own “cities”. But it was not until the 5th Dynasty that we can find the descriptions of the “pyramid city” on the documents.
    (2) In the 6th Dynasty, the King Sneferu's “pyramid city” had a temple, arable land, canals, lakes, and trees. The inhabitants called hntyw-s who served as priest and cultivator belonged to the lower classes. And the Mycerinus' “city” possessed a kind of taxable property, and the Sahure's possibly owned cultivated fields.
    (3) Judging from the Kahun “City” in the Middle Kingdom, it seems that these “cities” in the Old Kingdom have contained such facilities as houses of personnel, storehouses, workshops, and etc.
    (4) Therefore, we conclude that the “pyramid city” had their own land and some facilities. However, it is under dispute whether such settlements can be regarded as “cities”. It may well be interpreted as “domaines”.
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  • Masashi HANEDA
    1987 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 28-46
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Eclaircir une partie des politiques de Sah Tahmasp face aux Qizilbas est un but principal de cet article.
    Après avoir examiné les deux sources persanes, l'une qui montre la situation des tribus qizilbas au début du règne de Tahmasp et l'autre qui est une répertoire des émirs qizilbas à la mort de ce deuxième souverain safavide, l'auteur a souligné les trois points suivants.
    (1) En attribuant bien des pontes d'émir à la tribu Ustagalu, Tahmasp lui accorda un traitement spécial. Il en résulta que, d'une part, la coopération Chah-Ustagalu réussit à maintenir l'ordre politique au moins sous le règne de ce roi, d'autre part, elle provoqua le mécontentement sérieux parmi les autres tribus qizilbas. Cela explique bien la scission de la confédération qizilbas après la mort de Tahmasp.
    (2) En accordant les pontes presque équivalents aux plusieurs personnages dans une tribu, Tahmasp tenta d'y diviser le pouvoir.
    (3) Tahmasp forma une équipe administative, composée des membres de la famille royale non-tribaux et non-divaniens persans pour éviter la contestation quelconque de la part des Qizilbas.
    Toutes ces mesures prises par Tahmasp assurèrent un régime relativement stable dans la deuxième période de son règne. Mais, une telle politique menée par Sah Tahmasp n'était pas sans limite. Tant qu'il comptait entièrement sur les forces qizilbas, it lui était impossible de tout mettre en oeuvre pour anéantir l'influence des tribus.
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  • Sadashi FUKUDA
    1987 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 47-60
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    After the death of Said b. Sultan in 1856, a dispute arose between his sons as to the possesion of Oman and Zanzibar. In consequence of the British arbitration in the dispute which severed Zanzibar from Oman, the British influence on the administration of Muscat became preponderant. However, the declaration of 1862 between Great Britain and France, engaging reciprocally to respect the independence of the Sultans of Muscat and Zanzibar, required the British government to abstain from establishing a direct control on the Sultanate administration. Thus, since 1862 the British government was obliged to maintain a influence on the Sultanate administration mainly by granting an annual subsidy.
    Toward the end of the 19th century, the French government again developed its involvement in Muscat affairs. Owing to this renewal of French influence in Oman, the British government started to consider the possibilities of establishing a direct control on the Sultanate administration.
    In consequence of the civil war in Oman which started in 1913, the Sultanate fell into the financial difficulties. Eventually, the Sultan owed a heavy debt to the Indian merchants in Oman. To pay off his debts the British government offered to grant loans to the Sultan on the condition of the British financial control on the Sultanate. And the reform in the structure of the administration was also one of the important conditions of loans. Thus in return for British loans granted since 1918 the Sultanate came to be under the British control.
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  • Masato KOYAMA
    1987 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 61-68
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Jae-Kwan KIM
    1987 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 69-74
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Sakuji YOSHIMURA
    1987 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 75-89
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Kazuko WATANABE
    1987 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 90-96
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [in Japanese]
    1987 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 97
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [in Japanese]
    1987 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 98-100
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [in Japanese]
    1987 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 100-101
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [in Japanese]
    1987 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 101-102
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (162K)
  • 1987 Volume 30 Issue 2 Pages 103-118
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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