Journal of Japan Oil Chemists' Society
Online ISSN : 1884-2003
ISSN-L : 0513-398X
Volume 38, Issue 7
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
  • Goro KAJIMOTO
    1989 Volume 38 Issue 7 Pages 545-552
    Published: July 20, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A review on 119 original papers for the Japan Oil Chemist's Society Award is presented.
    1) After heating the decrease of the oxidative stability by tocopherol (Toc) degradation was larger for olive, coconut and hardened oils than for soybean, corn, cottonseed, and rapeseed oils. Decomposition of Toc in oils was apparently promoted by the oxidative products (especially oxidized fatty acids: fatty substances insoluble in petroleum ether) and free fatty acids. The preventive effects of additive on the thermal decomposition of Toc in oils were in the order of gallic and thiodipropionic acids>cystine>homogentisic acid>tryptophan>soya lecithin>catechins.
    2) Histidine (His) and Cu (II)-His complex inhibited the photosensitized of unsaturated fatty acid by quenching 1O2, and O2-, respectively. Gly-Gly-His inhibited both the outoxidation and the photosensitized oxidation in the presence of copper (II) ion.
    3) Antioxidative activity of metabolic products of several amino acids was investigated. In the metabolites of tryptophan, proline, and phenylalanine, the 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, 5-hydroxyproline and homogentisic acid showed great antioxidative activity on the autoxidation of lard, respectively.
    4) The greatest anitioxidative activity was recognized with methanol extracted fraction of the smoke or tea and tea-grounds, and by the analysis, naphtol, isoamyl gallate and hydroquinone were detected in smoke. Epigallocatechin in tea showed the strongest antioxidative effect for oils.
    5) Antioxidant was adsorbed on paper, and the antioxidant paper was packed with various foods in bag. Oxidative stability of Foods was considerably improved with indirect method of antioxidant NDGA and BHA.
    6) BHA, NDGA, isoamyl gallate and hydroquinone showed a potent antiseptic and antimold action on the microbe or mold.
    7) The decomposition of amino acids, vitamins, and chlorophyll was apparently promoted by oxidative products (oxidized fatty acids, peroxide and malonaldehyde etc.) of oil.
    8) The rats fed oxidized oil showed growth depression, whereas better growth was observed those fed same oil with Toc, oryzanol, pyridoxine, and water extractum of animal liver or garlic, respectively.
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  • Takeo KURATA, Nobuyuki KOBAYASHI, Masaru KAWARADA
    1989 Volume 38 Issue 7 Pages 553-557
    Published: July 20, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The reaction of 2(10)-pinene (1) with cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate (CAN) and methanol adsorbed on silica gel [CAN(MeOH)/SiO2] reagent was studied in order to synthesize methyl α-terpinyl ether (4).
    The CAN(MeOH)/SiO2 reagent was easily prepared by the addition of a weighed amount of silica gel to a solution of CAN in methanol and the methanol was removed by 82% under reduced pressure.
    CAN(MeOH)/SiO2 was found to be an effective reagent for the etherification of (1).
    (4) was obtained as the major product from (1) in an isolated yield of 58%.
    (4) was also obtained from 2-pinene and d-limonene.
    α-Terpineol was obtained by reaction of (1) with the CAN(H2O)/SiO2 reagent.
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  • Foaming Property of High Molecular Weight Components Fractionated from Keratin Hydrolysate by Membrane Ultrafiltration and the Effect of Addition of Metal Salts
    Makoto HOSHINO
    1989 Volume 38 Issue 7 Pages 558-564
    Published: July 20, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Forming components were fractionated from a keratin hydrolysate with a molecular weight (F.M.W.) in the range of about 50, 000 by membrane ultrafiltration. Foam heights and stabilties of the fractions were measured. Ferrous salt FeSO4·7H2O or calcium salt CaCl2·2H2O was added at various concentrations to aqueous solutions of the keratin hydrolysate fractions.
    The effects of added iron (II) or calcium on foam heigthts and stabilities and the amounts of sediment were studied. The maximum concentration of added iron (II) which could not form a precipitate was also determined.
    The foam heights and stabilities of the keratin hydrolysate of the present F.M.W. and its fractions increased with the addition of iron (II) or calcium.
    Based on foam heights, foam stabilities, formation of Fe (II)-hydrolyzed protein chelate and the amounts of precipitate and sediment formed by addition of iron (II) or calcium, the upper limit of molecular weight of keratin hydrolysate for use in a protein foam extinguisher was determined as 300, 000.
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  • Hiroshi ABE, Hideki TANIGUCHI, Kazuhiko OKABE, Kohshiro SOTOYA
    1989 Volume 38 Issue 7 Pages 565-569
    Published: July 20, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Tri (long-chain alkyl) amines are very important fatty chemicals. For example, they are used as extraction agents to recover various acids such as acetic acid from water solutions and as reaction additives which accelerate the rate of reaction as in the hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids.
    Recently many researchers have investigated catalysts by which these tri (long-chain alkyl) amines are synthesized directly from fatty alcohols having a long chain alkyl group. But most of them are not satisfactory for industrial use from the stand-point of catalytic activity, selectivity and cost involved. We already reported that the Cu-Ni catalyst gives very high activity and selectivity in the synthesis of aliphatic amines such as N, N-dimethyl (long-chain alkyl) amines and N, N-di (long-chain alkyl) methylamines.
    Thus, in this work, catalytic activity and selectivity of Cu-Ni catalyst in tri (long-chain alkyl) amine synthesis, especially in tridodecylamine synthesis, especially in tridodecylamine synthesis from dodecyl alcohol and ammonia were studied.
    Tridodecylamine was formed with high selectivity (95%) and high dodecyl alcohol conversion (99%). In this reaction, transformation from the secondary amine to tertiary amine is considered to be a rate determining step of the total reaction. The valency of copper and nickel atoms on the catalyst surface under the reaction conditions was determined by ESCA, and that of copper was clearly shown to be 0 or 1 while that of nickel 2. From the results of comparative experiments using Cu and NiO individually as catalysts of the same reaction, Cu and Ni atoms of Cu-Ni catalyst have special valency and further investigation should be conducted.
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  • Yoshio KOSUGI
    1989 Volume 38 Issue 7 Pages 570-571
    Published: July 20, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    For the general use of sulfur-33 NMR spectroscopy, measuring conditions for benzenesulfonic acid were examined. A 0.75M solution (deuterium oxide-water mixture in the ratio of 2: 1) adjusted to pH 6.5-10.5 gave a good signal with line width at half the peak height of 13.5Hz after 3h of data accumulation. The chemical shift [-11.5ppm relative to (NH4)2SO4] did not vary with this pH range. Hardly any signal could be observed at a pH less than 3.6. Slight lowering of S/N ratio and minor line-broadening were caused by the addition of excess sodium hydroxide (pH>14). Thus possibly, tuning of the probe and use appropriate pulse conditions are essential for measuring sulfur-33 NMR, and the sample solution of sulfonic acids should be made neutral or alkaline.
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  • Masakazu YAMAOKA, Peesamai JENVANITPANJAKUL, Akio TANAKA
    1989 Volume 38 Issue 7 Pages 572-576
    Published: July 20, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Glycolipids in recovered palm oil from spent earth in the physical refining process of Malaysian palm oil were determined. The content of glycolipids in the recovered oil was 3.8%, higher than ten times that of crude palm oil, and the recovery of glycolipids from the spent earth was calculated as 0.86%. The presence of esterified steryl glycoside (ESG), monogalactosyl diglyceride, cerebrosides, steryl glycoside (SG), and digalactosyl diglyceride was estimated as well as that of monogalactosyl monoglyceride. Glycolipid composition of the recovered palm oil was almost the same as that of crude palm oil.
    The fatty acid composition of each glycolipid showed palmitic acid to be the major saturated acid and oleic acid, the major unsaturated acid.
    4-Desmethylsterol compositions of ESG and SG showed the presence of sitosterol, ampesterol, stigmasterol, cholesterol, 7-stigmastenol and avenasterol, in this order.
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  • Hideo SAWADA, Masaharu NAKAYAMA, Masato YOSHIDA, Nobumasa KAMIGATA
    1989 Volume 38 Issue 7 Pages 577-579
    Published: July 20, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The hydrolysis of bis (perfluoroalkanoyl) peroxides such as bis (perfluoroacetyl) peroxide [(CF3CO2)2] and bis (perfluorooctanoyl) peroxide [(C7F15CO2)2] was conducted. Kinetic studies showed the decomposition of bis (perfluoroacetyl) peroxide to be remarkably accelerated by the addition of water, whereas that of bis (perfluorooctanoyl) peroxide to be only slightly accelerated. There thus appears to be strong repulsion for water owing to the high surface-active property of long-chain perfluoroalkyl groups (perfluoroheptyl group).
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