油化学
Online ISSN : 1884-2003
ISSN-L : 0513-398X
41 巻, 11 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1~10を表示しています
  • Amberlite IR-120 を触媒とするオレイン酸メチルのジヒドロキシル化
    M. Hassan El-MALLAH, S. El-SHAMI, F. BASSYOUN, 無類井 建夫
    1992 年 41 巻 11 号 p. 1101-1106
    発行日: 1992/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    オレイン酸メチルをモデルとしてジヒドロキシル化反応を新しい視点から研究した。試料を経時的に反応系から抜き取り, メタノール/硫酸で処理して残留するエポキシ中間体とアセチル化されたヒドロキシエステル類をそれぞれヒドロキシ-メトキシ及びジヒドロキシステアラートに変換した。キャピラリー GC-MS により各成分を同定し, さらに13C-NMR 及び13C-1H NMR により確認した。アンバーライトIR-120を触媒としたとき, ジヒドロキシステアラートの収率は 71.2% (オレイン酸メチルの変換率は87.7%) で, それには 50 minの反応時間で充分であった。
  • 石川 行弘, 守本 京三, 佐田 拓郎, 藤原 隆二
    1992 年 41 巻 11 号 p. 1107-1110
    発行日: 1992/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Penicillium aurantio-virens と同定された菌株の培養濾液から単離されたaurantionone は phenalenedione骨格を有する新規物質で, 優れた酸化防止剤でありトコフェロール (Toc) の相乗剤であることが分かった。
    自動酸化条件では, ラード中でTocと顕著な相乗性を示し, また植物油を安定化させた.aurantionone (0.05%) をラードに添加して180℃で25h熱処理しても, ラードの安定性は高く保持されており, Toc (0.04%) と共存する場合には, Toc の熱分解を著しく抑制した。
    本物質はSalmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA100 を用いてAmes 試験したとき, ラット肝S 9 ミックスの添加, 未添加にかかわらず変異原性を示さなかった。
  • 濱 洋一郎, 板垣 太郎, 中村 孝
    1992 年 41 巻 11 号 p. 1111-1114
    発行日: 1992/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    自動酸化ドコサヘキサエン酸メチルから, ゲルクロマト法, ケイ酸カラムクロマト法, HPLC 法により共役カルボニル類を精製した。NaBH4またはNaBD4 で還元後, トリメチルシリル誘導体とし, GC-MS 法により2種の新規化合物, 3- [2- (2-ホルミルビニル) -3-ヒドロキシ-5-オキソシクロペンチル] プロピオン酸メチル, 6- [2- (2-ホルミルビニル) -3-ヒドロキシ-5-オキソシクロペンチル] -4-ヘキセン酸メチルを確認した。
  • 八木 久彰, 横地 俊弘, 神坂 泰, 山岡 正和, 中原 東郎, 鈴木 修
    1992 年 41 巻 11 号 p. 1115-1119
    発行日: 1992/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Pseudomonas sp (ATCC 12085) は, 培地に 1-プロパノールを添加したときに, 新たにC15, C17, C17 : 1, C18cyc の脂肪酸を合成した。全脂肪酸に対する C15, C17, C18cyc の比率は増殖とともに増大し, 1-プロパノール濃度が 0.5 % の時に最も高かった。1-プロパノールの代わりにプロピオン酸ナトリウムを加えたときも, これらの脂肪酸は同じように合成された。これらの実験結果は, Pseudomonas sp が, 1-プロパノールに由来するプロピオニル-CoA (ACP) をプライマーとして, C15, C17, C17 : 1, C18cyc の脂肪酸を合成することを示している。
  • 高砂子 昌久, 小林 光一, 多留 康矩, 高岡 京
    1992 年 41 巻 11 号 p. 1120-1124
    発行日: 1992/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Dissolved water in safflower oil affects the autoxidation of this oil significantly. Molecular sieves were used to remove the dissolved water from the oil. This method is much simpler than that of distillation, and dissolved water can be removed to the same extent as that by distillation. But, due to the elution of many kinds of trace metallic elements in the oil dehydrated with molecular sieves, these elements were analyzed by neutron activation analysis. For a data comparision trace amounts of metallic elements in the oil dehydrated by distillation were also analyzed.
    Since the intensity of the γ ray-photoelectric peak of nuclide 28Al was largest among the detected elements, this element was analyzed quantitatively and the other elements qualitatively.
    In safflower oil dehydrated with molecular sieves, 14 kinds of the elements (I, Br, Al, Mg, Si, V, Cl, Nd, Ta, Cr, Sb, Cs, Co, Na) were detected. Also, I, Br, Cl, Cr, Ta, Sb, and Al elements were detected in the oil dehydrated by distillation. The intensity of the photoelectric peak of nuclide except 28Al was essentially the same as that in the oil dehydrated by distillation, but the intensity of 28Al in the oil with molecular sieves was about 28 times stronger than that in distillation oil. In the molecular sieves, 19 impure elements in addition to the original constituents (Na, K, Al, Si, O) were detected. It was Al, Na, Si, Nd, Cs, and Co along with impure elements may possibly have been eluted in the oil.
    Al element in saffolwer oil dehydrated with molecular sieves was analyzed quantitatively. 0.91 ppm of Al was detected in safflower oil. The eluted amount of Al in safflower oil dehydrated by distillation was 0.032 ppm. A larger amount of Al element was thus eluted into the oil dehydrated with molecular sieves than by distillation.
  • 牛草 寿昭, 丸山 武紀, 新谷 〓
    1992 年 41 巻 11 号 p. 1125-1129
    発行日: 1992/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Weight loss behaviors of straight-chain unsaturated fatty acids [8 kinds of monoenoic : cis- (c-) and trans-(t-) 9-hexadecenoic (C16 : 1), 9-octadecenoic (C18 : 1), 11-icosenoic (C20 : 1), and 13-docosenoic (C22 : 1) acids ; and all cis-11, 14-icosadienoic (C20 : 2), 8, 11, 14-icosatrienoic (C20 : 3), and 5, 8, 11, 14, 17-icosapentaenoic (C20 : 5) acids] and their characteristics were studied by thermogravimetry (TG), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
    1) The TG curve for monoenoic acids in a nitrogen flow showed a simple weight loss pattern. In an air flow, the weight loss pattern in the temperature range from initial to 50% weight loss was essentially the same as that in the nitrogen flow. Following 50% weight loss, the pattern was more complicated than that in the nitrogen flow. The initial temperature of weight loss on TG and first peak on DTG curve in air and nitrogen shifted to the higher-temperature side with increase in carbon number.
    2) On the TG curve for polyunsaturated fatty acids in the air flow, a weight gain due to oxidation was observed at 120 °C. It was significant, indicating that oxidative sensitivity could be calculated as the rate of weight gain. The weight loss pattern after initiation became more slowly with increase in the numbers of double bonds. On the TG curve in the nitrogen flow, the rate of weight loss with rise in temperature after 50% weight loss decreased with increase in the numbers of double bonds.
    3) Volatile and residual substances at 25% weight loss of unsaturated fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography (GLC). In the nitrogen flow, the proportion of original fatty acid in the volatile and residual substances was above 57%. The proportion of original fatty acid in the air flow clearly decreased with increase in unsaturation. Icosapentaenoic acid in the volatile substances was about 18%, while none could be detectected in the residual substances.
  • 水島 洋泉, 鈴木 裕二
    1992 年 41 巻 11 号 p. 1130-1135
    発行日: 1992/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    The solution behavior in water of a binary system consisting of monoglyceryl ether (GE) and diglyceryl ether (DGE-OMe) was studied by observing their ternary phase diagrams. Both GE and DGE-OMe are surfactants with less solubility in water, and form lyotropic liquid crystals even when present at low concentrations.
    A reversed hexagonal liquid crystal formed in the ternary system (φ=0.2) was found thermodynamically more stable than that in the GE/water system (φ=-0.2). X-ray measurements along with the results of an ESR spectroscopic study on the structures of reversed liquid crystals indicated these thermodynamic changes in liquid crystals to be due to the structural changes such as d-spacings caused by the interaction of the hydrophilic portions of the mixed two surfactants.
  • 木田 吉重, 上畑 雅司, 太田 正徳, 三好 徳享
    1992 年 41 巻 11 号 p. 1136-1140
    発行日: 1992/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    A study was made of the reactions of 1-methoxy cyclohexyl hydroperoxide (PO) with styrene derivatives under redox reaction conditions. In the case of. styrene, dimethyl 8, 9-diphenylhexadecanedioate (4 a) was obtained as the main product. With 2-phenylpropene, methyl-8-methoxy-8-phenyl nonanoate (9b) was obtained.
  • 大島 幸治, 富内 芳昌, 木瀬 秀夫
    1992 年 41 巻 11 号 p. 1141-1143
    発行日: 1992/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    DL-ドーパ (DL-3, 4-ジヒドロキシフェニルアラニン) エチルエステルのエナンチオ選択的加水分解を水を含む有機溶媒中でセリンプロテアーゼを触媒として行い, 高い光学純度で L-ドーパを得た。
  • 高岡 京, 高砂子 昌久, 小林 光一, 多留 康矩
    1992 年 41 巻 11 号 p. 1144-1146
    発行日: 1992/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    A new technique using thermobalance for the quantitative analysis of lipids was conducted on the following mixed samples : [1] stearic acid (SA) and tristearoylglycerol (TSG); [2] TSG and trilinoleoylglycerol (TLEG); [3] SA, dimer acid (DA), and TSG, ; [4] 1-monostearoylglycerol (1-MSG), 1, 3-distearoylglycerol (1, 3-DSG), and TSG ; [5] SA, 1-MSG, 1, 3-DSG and TSG.
    For mixed samples of [1], [2], [4], and [5], good separatability was attained under each condition. However, for mixed samples of [3] SA could be separated, but DA and TSG were not successfully separated because of molecular weight distribution of DA and interactions between DA and TSG.
    From the experimental results, vacuum thermogravimetric analysis was concluded adequate for the quantitative determinating of lipids.
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