Journal of Japan Oil Chemists' Society
Online ISSN : 1884-1996
Print ISSN : 1341-8327
ISSN-L : 1341-8327
Volume 46, Issue 8
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
  • Kazuo TAJIMA, Teruo HORIUCHI, Yoko IMAI, Akio NAKAMURA, Masakatsu KOSH ...
    1997 Volume 46 Issue 8 Pages 857-866,936
    Published: August 20, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The coalescence of hexadecane emulsions prepared with dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) was investigated. Hexadecane was emulsified with DMPC dispersion aged overnight at 25 and 35°C. The time dependence of emulsion particle size was measured at 25, 29 and 35°C. Assuming coalescence to follow the rate equations of first and second order reactions and the Arrhenius relation, the rate constants (k) and the activation energy (E*) for the coalescence were determined. The values of k35 for the emulsion prepared at 35°C were several times larger than those of k25 for the emulsion prepared at 25°C, and the value of E*35 for the emulsion prepared at 35°C was about half the value of E*25 for the emulsion prepared at 25°C. These differences in kinetic parameters for the emulsion coalescence were explained in terms of the difference in the adsorbed states of DMPC at the surfaces of the emulsion particles made originally at 25 and 35°C.
    Download PDF (1136K)
  • Masayo ONO, Masashi HOSOKAWA, Yoshikazu INOUE, Koretaro TAKAHASHI
    1997 Volume 46 Issue 8 Pages 867-872,936
    Published: August 20, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A selective partial hydrolyses of egg-yolk lecithin from fish-oil fed hens and squid-skin lecithin were carried out with immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipase (Lipozyme IM) in n-hexane media in order to concentrate docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) -containing phospholipids. DHA were abundant in phospholipid fractions that had recovered from the partial hydrolysates than the corresponding substrates i.e. egg-yolk lecithin and squid lecithin. Thus, it was clear that DHA ester bonds were less susceptible against hydrolysis than other fatty acid ester bonds. Optimum water activity (aw) for Lipozyme IM to concentrate DHA-containing phospholipids was aw=0.44. Under this aw, DHA showed to three fold increase compared to that of the original egg-yolk lecithin from fish-oil fed hens, after 8 h reaction at 40°C. Water activity-controlled partial hydrolysis with Lipozyme IM was borned out to be a useful method for concentrating functional phospholipids.
    Download PDF (799K)
  • Shuji YOMO, Yukiko ENDO, Tadashi KATO, Tsutomu SEIMIYA, Makio IWAHASHI ...
    1997 Volume 46 Issue 8 Pages 873-878,937
    Published: August 20, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Fundamental properties such as micellar weight, critical micelle concentration and cloud point were determined for aqueous solutions of polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (POESO) and polyoxyethylene (n) oleyl ether [POEOE and POE (10) 0E for n=20 and 10, respectively] recently prepared from oleic acid of high (>99%) and low purity. HPLC analysis and measurement of hydroxy value were conducted to clarify the distribution of the oxyethylene chain. For POESO and POEOE, no significant correlation between the above properties and oleic acid purity could be found. For POE (10) OE, however, the cloud point was higher for greater purity. This was confirmed by the temperature dependence of light scattering intensity.
    Download PDF (806K)
  • Misao KOIDE, Jinta UKAWA, Toshinobu TOYOSHIMA, Waichiro TAGAKI, Seizo ...
    1997 Volume 46 Issue 8 Pages 879-890,937
    Published: August 20, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The membrane permeability of carboxyfluorescein (CF) trapped dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine liposomes was facilitated by the presence of long-chain alkyltrimethylammonium bromides (ATAB) and characteristic dependency of this parameter on concentration and alkyl-chain length was noted. Octyl- and decyltri-methylammonium bromides had little or no effect for CF release, while this release was augmented by dodecyl- and tetradecyltrimethylammonium in proportion to concentrations. For longer chain cetyl- and stearyltrimethylammonium bromides exhibiting an abnormal activity-concentration relationship, CF release was remarkably stimulated at significantly low concentrations, while virtually not at all at high concentrations. Based on the data from light-scattering study and differential scanning calorimetry, a CF-releasing mechanism is proposed. The preparation and destruction of liposomes containing anti-inflammatory drugs glycyrrhizinic acid and methylglycyrrhizinate as membrane components were also examined.
    Download PDF (1618K)
  • Takahiro TADA, Masato NOMURA, Toshiaki SAKAKIYAMA, Yoshihito FUJIHARA, ...
    1997 Volume 46 Issue 8 Pages 891-897,938
    Published: August 20, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Natural materiarl extracts are presently used as cosmetic ingredients. Their physiological effects were examined, using 3- [(8Z) -8-pentadecenyl] phenol (1), 3- [(8Z, 11Z) -8, 11, 14-pentadecatrienyl] phenol (2) from cashew nuts shell oil as starting material.
    Twenty-eight derivatives were synthesized by condensation using seven different indole carboxylic acids. These derivatives were examined for their use as whitening agents which inhibit tyrosinase activity, scarvenging of superoxygen and hyaluronidase activity. 5-Methoxyindole-2- [3'- [(8Z) -8-pentadecenyl] benzene-1'-yl] ester (1 b), 5-methoxy-2-methylindole-3-ethylene- [3'- [(8Z) -8-pentadecenyl] benzene-1'-yl] ester (1 e), 5-methoxyindole-2- [3'- [(8 Z, 11Z) -8, 11, 14-pentadecatrienyl] benzene-1'-yl] ester (2 b), 5-methoxy-2-methylindole-3-ethylene- [3'-[(8Z, 11Z) -8, 11, 14-pentadecatrienyl] benzene-1'-yl] ester (2 e) and indole-2- (3'-n-pentadecyl benzene-1'-yl) ester (3 f) caused greater inhibition of tyrosinase activity than arbutin, 5-hydroxyindole-2- [3'-[(8 Z) -8-pentadecenyl] benzene-1'-yl] ester (1 a), (1 b), 5-hydroxyindole-3-ethylene- [3'- [(8Z) -8-pentadecenyl] benzene-1'-yl] ester (1 c), (1 e) or (2 e), and to inhibit hyaluronidase activity by more than 96%.
    Download PDF (1036K)
  • Masayuki NISHI, Hisashi FUJIHARA, Masakuni YOSHIHARA, Toshihisa MAESHI ...
    1997 Volume 46 Issue 8 Pages 899-903,938
    Published: August 20, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The Michael addition of thioacetic acid to α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid esters in the presence of clays or zeolites was carried out. Using clays for adding thioacetic acid to di-l-menthylfumarate (1), reactivity and stereoselectivity were found to differ according to the clay, clay pretreatment temperature and solvent, though with no systematic tendency. For S- (-) -2-methyl-1-butyl cinnamate (3) addition in the presence of zeolites of large pore size, adduct stereoselectivity was much greater. The reaction would thus appear to proceed in the cavities of the zeolites.
    Download PDF (688K)
  • Norio YOSHINO, Tsuyoshi ITAGAKI, Yukishige KONDO
    1997 Volume 46 Issue 8 Pages 905-913,939
    Published: August 20, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Trimethoxy-type silane coupling agents each containing two fluorocarbon chains in the molecule, RfCH2CH2OCOCH [Si (OCH3) 3] CH2COOCH2CH2Rf [Rf=CF3 (CF2) n, n=3, 5, 7, or (CF3) 2CF (CF2) m, m=2, 4, 6, 8], were prepared by the hydrosilylation of trimethoxysilane with the corresponding di [2- (perfluoroalkyl) ethyl] maleate, RfCH2CH2OCOCH=CHCOOCH2CH2Rf, in the presence of hydrogen hexachloroplatinate (IV). Surface modification of glass was carried out using these agents. The contact angles θ (°) of water and oleic acid on a modified glass surface indicated the coupling agents to have high capacity for causing modification. Although high oxidation resistance was observed on glass surfaces modified with the silane coupling agents containing two longer fluorocarbon chains, rapid contact angle reduction was observed for glass surfaces modified with the silanes containing shorter fluorocarbon chains. This feature was compared with trimethoxy-type silane coupling agents containing a fluorocarbon chain, CnF2n+1 CH2CH2Si (OCH3) 3 Owing to ester hydrolysis of the silane coupling agents, acid resistance on modified glass surfaces was not very high.
    Download PDF (1290K)
  • Masayuki NISHI, Hisashi FUJIHARA, Masakuni YOSHIHARA, Toshihisa MAESHI ...
    1997 Volume 46 Issue 8 Pages 915-919,938
    Published: August 20, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The intercalation of organic phosphate esters and chiral amines into layered γ-zirconium phosphate, Zr (HPO4)2·2H2O (abbreviated ZrP), was examined by powder X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy. The results indicated basal spacings of ZrP intercalated with organic phosphate esters to enlarge in proportion to alkyl chain length. When chiral amines were further intercalated into ZrP derivatives, the basal spacings became slightly longer. The catalytic activity of the modified ZrP derivatives was investigated by adding thiol to enone. Enantiomeric excess was found to depend on the chiral amine employed and the alkyl chain length of organic phosphate.
    Download PDF (624K)
  • Kunio TAMAKI, Kenji KOBAYASHI, Toshio NOMURA, Masahiro IIJIMA, Misho S ...
    1997 Volume 46 Issue 8 Pages 921-924
    Published: August 20, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Determination was made of critical micelle concentrations (cmc) for four homologs of perfluoroalkanoate salts, CnF2n+1COOLi (n=510), CnF2n+1COONa (n=58), CnF2n+1 COOMe4N (n=510), and CnF2n+1COOEt4N (n=410), in aqueous solution at 25°C. The results were expressed as, log cmc=A+Bn. B values were -0.445-0.463, indicating cmc to decrease by 2.82.9 for each CF2 group added to the perfluoroalkyl chain. The effects of counter ions on cmc for C7F15COO-M+ (M=Li, Na, K) were examined at 35°C. It was found that cmc decreased in the order of Li>Na>K. Limiting partial molar volumes (V0) for CnF2n+1COOMe4N (n=16) in water were measured at 25°C.V0 values increased with the number of carbon atoms ; the increment per CF2 group was 23.7 cm3·mol-1 on the average.
    Download PDF (509K)
  • Hiroshi NAKAGAWA, Shoji WATANABE, Tsutomu FUJITA, Masami SAKAMOTO
    1997 Volume 46 Issue 8 Pages 925-929,940
    Published: August 20, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Esters were prepared by the reaction of acid chloride with copolymer of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide (CPO) for anti-rust and other properties in water-based cutting fluids. Aqueous emulsions of triethanolamine and oleic acid ester of CPO showed very high anti-rust properties for water-based cutting fluids.
    Download PDF (588K)
  • Yohji NAKATSUJI, Masahiro MURAOKA, Hiroshi MATSUOKA, Toshiyuki KIDA, A ...
    1997 Volume 46 Issue 8 Pages 931-934,940
    Published: August 20, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    New lipophilic double-armed crown ethers were designed and prepared for assessment of the capacity of the crown ring to form a complex with alkali metal cations at an air-water interface. For this purpose, the orientation of the crown ring at the air-water interface was carefully controlled by molecular design of the structure of the crown ether. The π-A isotherms of the crown ethers changed with the addition of alkali metal salts, and such changes were speculated to be dependent on complexation capacity at the interface.
    Download PDF (591K)
feedback
Top