This study will attempt to assess the total (direct and indirect) impact of Production & labor on regional economies in the Philippines using the input-output (I-O) approach. For an encompassing and in-depth analysis of the structures of regional economies, a multi-region inter-regional I-O model covering five (5) geographic divisions or regions of the whole Philippine archipelago shall be used.
To make this study more meaningful in policy formulation, the study will be extended to distinguish employment in the large-scale from the small-scale industries.

View full abstract

We are modeling travelers' psychological state of the route choice behaviour linguistically by extracting psychological information from open-ended questionnaire texts. The travelers' consciousness of route choice is expressed as selection of aspects which are the result of the cognition of each route in the choice set. The choice strategy is classified into three types: Positive, Negative and Indifferent. The method to extract the choice strategy of aspects from the open-ended questionnaire texts is shown by using linguistic expression patterns. Furthermore, the adequateness of this method is tested by applying to unseen texts.

View full abstract

Since the links consisting of road network have high interdependency, a single decision maker should generally manage road network However, some organizational requirements often force to choose decentralized management scheme. In such a situation, a management scheme should be designed to realize efficient management of the network.In this paper, decentralized managers'maintenance decisions are modeled based on game theory.Maintenance strategies at an equilibrium of the game model are compared with optimum maintenance strategies taken by a single decision maker, and the relationship between network decomposition and efficiency is analyzed.

View full abstract

In this study, participatory planning is regarded as conflict management, and the concepts such as “imasimulation, ”“emergence”and “execution” are discussed from the viewpoint of conflict management Game theory is used for analyzing a conflict, and the concept of “a stage of a conflict (Scope)” is proposed.Scoping is defined as the dynamic process for changing the structure of a game, and the process is formulated as a conflict management model.

View full abstract

This research shows “Total Concurrent Convergence Method of Evaluation Value”.
Shin SUGIURA and Eizo KINOSHITA have already proposed Concurrent Convergence Method of Evaluation Value (CCM of Evaluation Value).CCM of Evaluation Value is a new AHP model that modifies gap of alternative evaluation value. And Shin SUGIURA and Eizo KINOSHITA have named General CCM (proposed by KINOSHITA and NAKANISHO)“We ight CCM”.
Newly Total Concurrent Convergence Method of Evaluation Value combines Weight CCM and CCM of Evaluation Value and structure complete hierarchy outline of new AHP model “CCM”.

View full abstract

Under an exogenous working time assumption, the value of time cannot be constant: it is affected by travel time, travel fees and other exogenous factors. This paper carries out numerical simulations, assuming a nested C. E. S. form of the utility function. They are derived from numerical simulations that the change in value of time tends to be sensitive to travel time and slightly sensitive to travel fees. The influences of changes in travel time and travel fees on the number of visits can differ greatly even if those changes are equivalent in terms of generalized transportation costs.

View full abstract

In this paper, we recognize any plan of evacuation as a scenario and try to develop a supporting system based on Petri net simulator developed by the authors in order to examine alternative hypotheses from various points of view. Firstly, we point out Petri net has fundamental power to describe various scenarios as chain of relevant events and show basic Petri net models for evacuation planning. Next, we demonstrate construction of evacuation net in a building and execution of its simulation as practical supporting level. Also, we show practical procedure to deploy alternative scenario simulation proposed by critical and constructive discussion.

View full abstract

The pre-and re-evaluation models presented by the authors are theoretical ones and limited to be applied in practice. In this paper, a system methodology of designing simple evaluation schemes for public projects, which are tractable and consistent with theoretical models, is presented, whereby two major risk factors, benefits risk and project delay risk, are explicitly considered in order to incorporate the risk characteristics of public projects into evaluation. The paper is concluded by illustrating numerical examples to demonstrate the availability of the methodology.

View full abstract

ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System) is a new technology and has the propertythat the rise of the number of drivers purchasing ETC device in the start-up period reduces its future price. In this paper, a real option model is formulated to investigate drivers' purchasing behavior in the presence of the diachronic pecuniary externalities and decision-making costs. Furthermore, alternative policies, 1) temporary financial support program and 2) information disclosure, are introduced.It is shown that for the prevalence of ETC, it is required to implement a combination of policies which have each different effect for different types of drivers.

View full abstract

In this paper, by using the image data of the aerial photograph on a background picture, probe data, residents information, and a hazard map for using the Petri network simulator by which authors are developing paying attention to the emergency and refuge plan of the area in the intermediate and mountanious area described the simulation development which enables creation of a more realistic scenario and a subnet.
Through the application example, mounting of asymptotic modeling by a setup and Petri network of a realistic passing prevention scenario was able to be shown concretely, and change of the refuge action accompanying it was able to be shown dynamically.

View full abstract

In this Paper, characteristics of the media are surveyed. The use of the web survey as the evaluation technique of the information transmission activity is examined. As a result, it is shown that it is appropriate to use the web investigation excluding the television, and clarified the characteristic of the informationtransmission activity in public involvement process of infrastructure planning. It is also useful to utilize the town information magazine aiming at young people, even if the newspaper is the fundamental media for information transmission.

View full abstract

In this study, It had been developed that new-type systematic scheduling procedure by use of GA. In this paper, GA based scheduling algorism developed in this study is extend to analytic tool for determination problem of total resources amount allocated to project network and stochastic scheduling problem.

View full abstract

In this paper, we develop a SCGE model which can measure the benefit of face-to-face communication in trip destination as technological externalities, in addition to user's benefit of transport facilities. By estimating the parameters and simulating the effect of inter-regional transport cost reduction, we indicate the possibility that the benefit of face-to-face communication is as large as the user's benefit. This SCGE model can be very useful and practical tool, because it can measure the effect of large-scale transport investment which has been measured by regional econometric models before.

View full abstract

Making of project evaluation manual is one of the most important ways to return the results of infrastructure planning research to society. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the roles of project evaluation manual focusing on the relationship with the audit system of project evaluation. We modify the model proposed by Fukumoto and Tsuchiya (2004). We bring various influences caused by making of projecut evaluation manual into the unified framework and provide useful implications.

View full abstract

Recently, many criticize that the results of demand forecast analysis is manipulated by Japanese administration. In this paper, we suggest five alternatives of the manipulation preventing mechanism of demand forecast, that is, li mited liability mechanism, tournament mechanism, reputation mechanism, renegotiation mechanism and audit mechanism. We compare each mechanism with risk-sharing mechanism which was suggested by Fukumoto and Tsuchiya (2004) and investigate the merits and the demerits of each mechanism to make a set of useful policy recommendations.

View full abstract

In this research, the estimation method based on counting getting-on-and-off passengers according to bus stops was developed in order to obtain the data of a more exact passenger's OD-trips, and the validity of the method was examined. Consequently, it became possible only from getting-on-and-off passenger data to estimate a more exact OD-trips required for calculation of a subsidy, or improvementin bus service. Moreover, it was shown that it's estimable based on the number data of getting-on-and-off passengers which can be observed comparatively easily even if it doesn't use an investigation. The view of estimation calculation is examined further.

View full abstract

In progressing of urbanization in the world, over and less population problem hasstill been a serious issue.Particularly in middle and small size cities, hollowing out phenomenon in the central district of a city has been causing another environmental issue including increases in energy consumption and environmental burden resulting from long distance transportation, in addition to a negative impacton urban growth.From this background, this article aims to clarify the principle working in urban growth and decline based on the theory of monopolistic competition. Krugman examines a two region economic system applying the theory of monopolistic competition by Dixit and Stiglitz. This paper partially follows Krugman's theory, but develops a dynamic equilibrium simulation model for a two city system, which has never been constructed even in Fujita and Krugman's study. And then this article numerically examines the conditions how cities grow or decline due to a new entry of a firm.

View full abstract

This study analyzed the conflict structure generated between the administration and residents who appeal for opposite in the transfer point improvement project, and considered the ideal way of workshop. The Conflict Analysis based on a Game theory analyzes the conflict between the administration and residents around thispoint and the WS participants. The equilibrium solution and the questionnaire survey result are compared, and the validity of the balance solution is evaluated. Inthis case, it has been understood that it was a big cause that there was misidentification to the outline of the WS holding to be generated the conflict.

View full abstract

Several studies have already indicated that building the compact urban layout issignificant countermeasure for reducing gasoline consumption and achieving more sustainable society. Meanwhile, so far Japanese cities have suffered from flooding caused by typhoons and heavy rain. As a prevent flood disaster, it should be effective that people retreat from hazardous areas from the hydrological point of view. The previously built up and presently underutilized land must be recycled as retarding basin. This study aims to evaluate the compact urban layout and desirable retreat patterns by SLIM CITY from the point of view of disaster prevention.

View full abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop probe bicycle that investigate and collect the information about the barrier on pedestrian track and bicycle-pedestriantrack. The barriers such as difference-in-level, narrow width and slope were detected with accelerometers, potentiometer and gyroscope-sensors which were carried on the bicycle. The management of the difference-in-level with various shapes, theprevention of human error in the estimate of width, the effective use of the information from the gyroscope-sensors were needed for the practical use of probe bicycle.

View full abstract

This paper clarifies about the agreement formation process in France PDU. Citizens' participation in municipal affairs techniques and the role of the Parliamentwere surveyed first, and positioning in the whole decision-making process of theagreement formation process of PDU was clarified. This process focuses on the Parliament, and each technique is a method for the public opinion grasp in Parliament and passing through a different process by the design plan and the project plan are institutionalized. Under the system, the enterprise side must disclose information and grasp opinions, and residents side must gather the information and disclose their opinion.

View full abstract

This study considered the process of residents initiative community planning. Setting up platform for information share and subject share, establishment of community council, making master-plan and concrete enterprise and activity in communitycouncil, how they are associated above was considered. It is pointed out thatset up of platform is important as an opportunity of community planning and the community council is produced as task force. Furthermore, it is cleared that thecommunity planning as an administration plan is made from the community design as a resident's proposal.

View full abstract

The objectives of this study are to introduce the latest French system and case study about public participation in decision making process for infrastructure development, especially debat public, besides to emphasize the importance of building Japanese style after the difference of social background, history, nationalcharacter and so on are investigated.
As the results, it was clarified about French styles that consensus is not intended in public participation, a representative makes a final decision from a viewpoint of rationality, a third party examines legitimacy of the decision. It is important to build Japanese public participation which is consistent with decision making process in considering of Japanese custom, culture, characteristics and so on.

View full abstract

In this study, our purpose is to identify a causal relationship in receptivity relating to the public involvement for current road improvement projects in Korea. Some of hypotheses about causal relationships among the psychological factors are assumed to develop a structural equation model. This model includes latent variables determining the receptivity relating to public involvement procedure, such as distrust feeling for administration (public sector), the knowledge and satisfaction about the road project, and the comprehensive faculty on the public involvement. The estimated model indicates that these assumed hypotheses are proved and that the administrative distrust strongly determines the receptivity as well as understanding of the road project and the knowledge of PI procedure.

View full abstract

In this paper, a method for estimating past Multi-Regional Input/Output tables is proposed. This method has the following characteristics; 1) estimating past MRIO tables using national Input/Output tables, 2) considering the change of relationship between regions occurred by constructing transport facilities. In the latter part of this paper, a South Korean Multi-Regional Input/Output table in 1985 is estimated by this method. And comparing the results of MRIO analysis in 1985 and 1995 clears the following points; 1) In this period, economic growth in Soul and Bussan Metropolitan area increased machine products in less developed regions, 2) Increasing population and supplying high-level service in Soul Metropolitan area concentrate service products in Soul Metropolitan region.

View full abstract

Recently, we have been facing serious concerns related to rapid aging and a verylow birthrate in Japan, and it is widely known that the population will start todecrease rapidly. So the analysis of migration phenomena focused on age makes a contnbution to the future population policy. In this study, Japan could be identified with variables which were got f om applying Rogers model to a migration between legions. Migration schedule curves consideration of outflow and inflow, which were not gained before were estimated. So it is clarified that characterisfics of migration phenomena in each region and era.

View full abstract

This study is on the project of forming the community zone at Wakahisa district in Fukuoka-city. We researched the process of residents participation and agreement by analyzing the conference minutes and interview. As the special feature ofthis case study, the conferences that were held great number of times, the familiarity by naming streets, the analysis from children's viewpoint, and the reconstruction of streets, are mentioned. It became clear that existence of the leader-person of the area, judgment through the experiences, visualizing the image of facilities, mutual communication, and sharing of information are required for promotion of agreement.

View full abstract

Using capacity-restrained transit assignment model which takes the common lines problem into account, this study analyzes the effect of transit line configuration onto passengers' behavior. The result suggests that passengers' behavior can be affected by the transit line configuration. It was also found that the congestion can be dispersed by introducing flat fare system or by applying additional congestiom charge on a specific link. Sincethe model provides many indices for evaluation of tmansit line service, it can be concluded that congestion mitigation effect by the transit line configuration and the fare system can be evaluated by the proposed model.

View full abstract

Japanese national development planning system is now under significant review.When we discuss on the national development planning system and its operation, we must take enough care fore the relationship among various issues. This paper tries to show the useful framework for taking a discussion in the coherent manner. Wedefine the ideal planning process by regarding the national development plan asa dynamic optimization program. Further, we search for the means to bring the realplanning process close to the ideal and investigate various issues relating tothe design of development planning system and its operation.

View full abstract

In this study, the economical feasibility of a heat supply system in Sapporo is discussed. Large-scaled heat supply system is considered to be available for thecities in cold and snow region.A project scheme is built, and the utility functions for each participant that are formulated based on the scheme. Then, the amountsof optimal cost assignment are clarified. In order to solve optimization problemformulated by using these utility functions, GA (Genetic Algorithm) is applied to.Consequently, economical feasibility of the large-scale heat supply system in Sapporo is presented.

View full abstract

At early stage after the large-scale earthquake disaster in the metropolitan area, it is very important for the difficult to recognize the damage situation on the evacuation route, securing food and water during returning home, and so on. In this paper, the problem of the difficult to return home at the Tokai Earthquake has been made clear which outbreaks with the interruption of public transportation. Furthermore, this paper shows the convenience store has been utilized in order to supply water and food just from the aspect of supporting measures for the difficult to return home.

View full abstract

The input-output analysis is a useful tool to examine the economic structural problems concerning the economic growth, the industrial structure and the environment. The authors have developed a regional input-output model to identify the relationship between the economic structure and the carbon dioxide emission for Japanese regions. In this paper, we have further disaggregated the transport sector into several transport modes to examine the detailed structure of carbon dioxide emission. The empirical study has revealed that the carbon dioxide emissions showed a marked increase in road commodity transport. The intensive measures arenecessary to prevent the emission form interregional trade.

View full abstract

In this paper, we focus the public participation in infrastructure planning thatwill spread furthermore, and discuss its technology selection process. We firstly give an overview of arguments on public participatory process of infrasttuc ure planning. Secondly we observe a case of water purification of urban river receiving relatively much public attention in a city. Thirdly we apply conjoint analysis for understanding the relation between technology selection and its background factors. Consequently, we make clear about the dynamics and the possibility of reflecting diversity of intention onto the planning in urban society.

View full abstract

This paper formulized the attitude behavior change model which was based on the Quasi-Hyperbolic Discount Function, and clarified the long-term effect of environmental education. In conclusion, we clarified that environmental education has two big effects, such as the sophistication effect and the rationalization effect. It was shown that the sophistication effect may be a negative value and the rationalization effect is a positive value. Finally, in this paper, when carryingout environmental education, we clarified what kind of environmental education is effective for sophistication and rationalization.

View full abstract

As for the space under bridge, the majority doesn't proceed maintenance and beenleft on the riverside in various places. However, there might be a necessity of maintenance because the following two items became clear for the space: The administration of about 80 percent has the problem that dumped garbage unlawfully, Such a problem influences the value of the river. Then, understand that the current state of the space and the reason not maintained, and clarifies the issue inmaintenance. As a result, the administration should renew the thinking as the river is a united space etc. became clear.

View full abstract

In this paper, we focus on the support of“Eco-driving”using the on-board device and carried out the experiment; putting the on-board device in tracksunder business activity and supporting“Eco-driving”for drivers, to evaluate the effect of it for small carriers. As a result, we clarified that this support of“Eco-driving”changed drivers'attitude and behavior of driving greatly and the discharge of CO₂ and NO_x and the fuel cost were cut down by the modification.

View full abstract

The purpose of this study is to propose the planning method for the allocation of the Tsunami evacuation facilities. The study area is Susaki city in Kochi prefecture. Firstly, the questionnaire for the resident is carried out to get residentsawareness for disaster prevention. From the results of the Tsunami flooding simulation and the evacuation action simulation, the flooding area in Susaki and the number of population which could not evacuate are estimated. Next, we developedthefacility location model considered the selected flooding area and the residents on the area. This model assumed to be able to evacuate all residents.

View full abstract

Authors developed a discrete choice model in order to adapt Contingent Valuation Method to measure people's risk preference and risk premium through their willingness-to-pay for a risk-aversive option.Values of risk aversion are estimated by parameters of hypothetical utility function.As its empirical study, a case for earthquake risk is demonstrated.Adapting the same model to samples without risk information, the difference between households'risk aversive behavior under subjective risk and given risk information is also discussed.

View full abstract

Japan is now faced with gigantic earthquake risk.It calls residents'awareness and concerning to disaster mitigation and preparedness, particularly, the Tokai region where a large earthquake is expected to occur in next several decades.The paper discusses a participatory approach as a method to build up community preparedness in a case study area of Nishibiwajima-town in Aichi Prefecture.Important implications for disaster risk management are derived and discussed based on a network development model of participants sharing roles in the process of enhancing disaster preparedness on a community level.

View full abstract

The purpose of this study is to construct Expert System for urban landscape evaluation in order to lead urban landscape to moderate level.In the prototype system in Ogaki-City, three aspects:“Stnicture design”, “Visual compatibility”and “Environmental compatibility”were introduced.In this study, the evaluation logic was examine& Especially, the logic for Visual compatibility was established rather complicated logic by considering various harmonies.As the result, 168 inference noles: evaluation knowledge, were installed in the system. In addition, a questionnaire survey was instituted for checking the estimation. Moreover, advices for improvement could be drawn by tracing and the inference process.

View full abstract

This study focused on the process of urban development based on the railway systems since modernization in Gifu City. At first, the development of railway systems classified based on historical documents. Next, the influence of railway systems had given to the process of urban development was analyzed after the transition of the city planning. Result, Gifu Station other cities were connected with Gifu City promoted south of the city, and electric tramway network reorganized the urban structure. Recently, although the relation between the railway systems and the city has weakened, process of urban development had been based on railway systems.

View full abstract

In this paper, the possibility of citizen's participation in widening community street was discussed by comparing two case studies of Omachi-dori in Izuhara Town and Teishaba-sen in Maebaru City. The merits found include the following: Citizen's participation enables adding local sense of place in street design, open discussion among local citizens encourages faster agreement than formal individual hearing process by local officials, and citizen's participation in street design promotes broader community planning.

View full abstract

It was said the culture of the tree, and it descended, and our country's stone architecture was necessary for our country's forming the space against the stone culture of Europe. However, the discussion is a little in the landscape theory. The Ishigaki in our country prospers extremely the region, and the maintenance strategy in the future might have to be examined. This research is consideration of the state of maintenance and the stone wall in the stone wall by the aspect of a basic stone wall and the wall stone wall (Ishigaki where the wall is formed). The region for the research is Ehime Prefecture Ainan town (old Nishiumi town) Sotodomari.

View full abstract

The village landscape in the intermediate and mountainous area has come to be evaluated as a climate landscape. Such a village landscape is an environment that people in not the one that the capital had been publicly maintained but the village voluntarily built. As for the social infrastructure, the stones often chiefly build them. Though the preservation of such a landscape is needed today, the material, technology and talent are necessary for the landscape preservation. system. This research considers the landscape preservation system of stone infrastructure in the village maintenance management system in the intermediate and mountainous area.

View full abstract

In this paper, the prospect of community revitalization through riverfront redevel opment was discussed by examining two case studies, Hakatagawa Yumekairo project in Fukuoka City and Higashisenba Boardwalk project in Tokushima City. Three major lessons were found: recognizing riverfront redevelopment as an effective tool of community development, necessity of collaboration among local government agencies, citizens and experts, and a political framework of recognizing riverfront space as an element of the local community.

View full abstract

This paper explains the process to form the landscape area in Modem Nanzenji Fukuchi-Cho. The main purpose of this study is to specify the wisdom given into this area when it was designed and started to grow up till prime landscape area For this purpose, following were examined: the transitions of land uses, the planning ofa path designed as the axis for next development, the each design contributing the structure of the area after the developments of residences. Finally the equipments which have worked to form the landscape area, and the timing of their installing were found.

View full abstract

Person trip survey is regarded as basic data for urban transport planning. Travel behaviours of trip maker for one day are stored in the database. The various spatial information can be handled in geometrical information system (GIS). Effective use of person trip survey data is proposed with GIS. Spatial information is integrated with travel behaviour data. The traffic in urban area might be analyzed with time and space aspects. The integration of GIS and travel behaviour in PT data should help to understand precisely the travel behaviour on urban area.

View full abstract

We have an interest in a traffic policy, “no-car zone”, which prohibited vehicles from passing inside the residence zone in the Osaka Nanko port-town. In this study, we turned our attention to “the agreement for the control and the regulation at moving into the town” from the knowledge of the tragedy of the commons. We investigated 3 housing development at seaside; Osaka Nanko port-town, Mukogawa apartment houses built by the Housing Corporation and Kobe port-island: by questionnaire surveys to clear the effect of the car use by “no-car zone”. The slogan of “no-car zone” has “the exclusion of the auto-traffic”, lower use of car are expected. As the result of the analysis, people who agree to “no-car zone” use car less frequently, on the other hand disagree use car more frequently.

View full abstract

This study has formulated a behavioral model of individual activity time allocation on weekends, and has extended it to incorporate the latent determinants of time use decisions during weekdays by using a latent variable model. The ultimate goals in developing this model are to improve the individual weekend activity time allocation model by introducing latent variables, and to estimate the value of activity time of different activity types. We conducted a pilot empirical investigation using a small data set regarding time use and expenditure both for weekdays and weekends, and a few indicators of the latent variables collected from individuals in Yokohama, Japan. The empirical findings suggest that the proposed model is valuable not only for modeling activity time allocation, but also in calculating the value of activity time.

View full abstract

Personal Trip Survey and Four-step Approach to travel demand have been pointed out with a lot of problems since its birth in 1950s, and tremendous efforts on solving these problems have composed the mainstream of urban transportation study. However, in transport planning practice, there has been little improvement from the original method.In the recent years, with the rapid technical innovation of information sciences, it is the time to integrate the research achievements to pursue a more reality-oriented platform for transport planning.In this paper, the author chooses GIS as the platform and carries out a traffic assignment of individual ODs on a detailed network in which all the roads are picked up as the network component. Through this, the paper shows the usefulness of GIS, not only for the future integration but also for solving some critical problems in the present planning realities.

View full abstract