Journal of Pesticide Science
Online ISSN : 1349-0923
Print ISSN : 1348-589X
ISSN-L : 0385-1559
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Volume 33, Issue 2
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
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Review
  • Biorational insecticides in pest management
    Gloria Rosell, Carmen Quero, Josep Coll, Angel Guerrero
    Article type: Review
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 103-121
    Published: May 25, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.R08-01
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    We present herein a review article of the latest developments of the biorational approaches in pest management appeared in the literature from 1997 to date. The proposed advantages of the biopesticides including their specificity, safety to non-target organisms, particularly mammals, and utilization in low, sometimes minute, amounts have led to an intensive research program by public and private institutions resulting in an avalanche of reports in attempts to discover and develop newer and safer pesticides, particularly in the past three decades. This review is divided into three main chapters, including microbial insecticides in pest control, utilization of semiochemicals, and botanical insecticides, paying particular attention to those practical approaches that are respectful to the environment.
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Short Communication
  • Environmental distribution and novel high-throughput screening of APEO-degrading bacteria using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS)
    Yayoi Ichiki, Natsuki Ishizawa, Hiroto Tamura, Kanae Teramoto, Hiroaki ...
    Article type: Short Communucation
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 122-127
    Published: May 25, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2008
    Advance online publication: March 25, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.G07-22
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    Fifteen soil samples from the edge of a creek were investigated for alkylphenol polyethoxylate (APEO) degrading ability. Ten soil samples possessed PEG chain shortening activity and the other soil samples oxidized the terminal hydroxyl group to the corresponding carboxyl group. Colonies of APEO-degrading bacteria having slight morphological differences were isolated and the bacteria were grouped by MALDI-MS patterns, PCR-RFLP patterns, and sequence analysis of the gyrB gene. The isolates were divided into three groups by typing with the MALDI-MS pattern. PCR-RFLP analysis using 41f and 1066r primer sets and three kinds of restriction enzyme (AluI, HaeIII, HhaI) indicated that the isolates belonged to Pseudomonas sp., but all isolates gave the same RFLP pattern. Sequence analysis of gyrB gene divided the isolates into two groups. The grouping results by MALDI-MS spectra and gyrB sequence were identical and represent the APEO degrading ability of the isolates.
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Original Articles
  • Herbicide sensitivities of mutated enzymes expressed from artificially generated genes of acetolactate synthase
    Kiyoshi Kawai, Koichiro Kaku, Norihiko Izawa, Masanori Shimizu, Hiroka ...
    Article type: Original Article
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 128-137
    Published: May 25, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2008
    Advance online publication: March 25, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.G07-29
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    Mutated acetolactate synthase (ALS) genes of rice and Arabidopsis, which confer resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides, were generated using PCR and overlap extension. Recombinant ALSs from these mutated genes were prepared as glutathione S-transferase-fused proteins, and sensitivities of the proteins to ALS-inhibiting herbicides were examined. Nine kinds of rice ALSs that have mutations at the P171 position (each amino acid is represented by one letter) showed high resistance to a herbicide, bensulfuron-methyl, but the resistance level to a herbicide, bispyribac-sodium (BS), changed among ALSs. S627I ALS of rice expressed high resistance to herbicides: pyriminobac and pyrithiobac-sodium. P171H/R172S ALS of rice showed greater resistance to a herbicide, chlorsulfuron than the additive effect predicted from the resistance of each single mutated ALS. P171H/W548L ALS and P171H/S627I ALS of rice showed similar synergistic resistance to BS. On the other hand, P197S, W574L, S653I, P197H/R198S and W574L/S653I-mutated ALSs of Arabidopsis expressed similar sensitivities to herbicides as those of rice ALSs with the corresponding mutations. These results proposed that P171-mutated ALSs of rice can be used as model enzymes for resistant weed management to ALS-inhibiting herbicides, and rice-mutated ALS genes encoding mutated ALSs such as S627I, P171H/R172S, P171H/W548L, P171H/S627I, and Arabidopsis-mutated ALS genes encoding mutated ALSs, such as S653I, P197H/R198S and W574L/S653I, are useful as new selectable marker genes for genetic transformation of plants when used together with ALS-inhibiting herbicides to which mutated ALSs express high resistance.
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  • Antagonistic Gluconobacter sp. induces abnormal morphodifferentiation to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici hyphae
    Albert Asante, Yasuyuki Hashidoko, Abhinandan Deora, Satoshi Tahara
    Article type: Original Article
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 138-145
    Published: May 25, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2008
    Advance online publication: March 25, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.G07-24
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    A total of 541 rhizoplane bacteria, isolated from 41 different plant species, were screened for their growth inhibition against hyphae of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in a dual culture assay. Among the bacterial isolates, only 4 (0.7%) showed remarkable growth inhibition of the test fungus, in which one genus, Gluconobacter sp. 71F, isolated from Erigeron annuus (Asteraceae), was most active. The characteristic morphophysiological effects of the active isolate on Fusarium were excessive lateral hyphal branching and cytoplasmic extrusion from the affected hyphal tips. According to fluorescent staining for nuclei, the affected hyphal nuclei either partly disintegrated in extruded cell matter or divided into portions on the lateral side of the hyphal cells. Nuclei disintegration at the severely affected hyphal tip eventually led to cell death.
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  • Potentiating and blocking actions of neonicotinoids on the response to acetylcholine of the neuronal α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
    Kayoko Toshima, Makoto Ihara, Satoshi Kanaoka, Kiyoshi Tarumoto, Atsus ...
    Article type: Original Article
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 146-151
    Published: May 25, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2008
    Advance online publication: March 25, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.G07-28
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    Effects of imidacloprid, clothianidin, thiacloprid and related compounds on the acetylcholine (ACh)-induced response of the recombinant, expressed chicken α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) were investigated using voltage-clamp electrophysiology. Imidacloprid and clothianidin enhanced the amplitude of the response to ACh of α4β2 nAChR. In complete contrast, thiacloprid attenuated the amplitude of the response to ACh of α4β2 nAChR. Replacing the nitro group of imidacloprid by a cyano group abolished the potentiating action, whereas exchanging the cyano group of thiacloprid for a nitro group conferred the ability to potentiate the ACh response. All three neonicotinoids shifted the ACh concentration–response curve without influencing the peak current amplitude of the ACh response.
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  • 7,11,13-Hexadecatrienal identified from female moths of the citrus leafminer as a new sex pheromone component: synthesis and field evaluation in Vietnam and Japan
    Le Van Vang, MD. Azharul Islam, Nguyen Duc Do, Tran Van Hai, Shinji Ko ...
    Article type: Original Article
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 152-158
    Published: May 25, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2008
    Advance online publication: March 25, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.G07-40
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    (7Z,11Z)-7,11-Hexadecadienal (Z7,Z11-16:Ald), which has been identified from female moths of the citrus leafminer (Phyllocnistis citrella, Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), strongly attracts conspecific males in Japan. Recently, in addition to the dienyl aldehyde, a trienyl derivative, (7Z,11Z,13E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal (Z7,Z11,E13-16:Ald), was found as another sex pheromone component of females collected in Brazil and California. Thus, we synthesized Z7,Z11,E13-16:Ald and its isomer (Z7,E11,E13-16:Ald) to evaluate their effects on males inhabiting Asia. Starting from 1,7-heptanediol, two corresponding alcohols with trienyl structures were prepared by two applications of the Wittig-coupling reaction and then oxidized to yield objective aldehydes after separation by HPLC with an ODS column. In a citrus orchard in Can-Tho City, Vietnam, P. citrella males could not be caught by a lure baited only with Z7,Z11-16:Ald, but were successfully attracted with a 1 : 3 mixture of Z7,Z11-16:Ald and Z7,Z11,E13-16:Ald. On the other hand, in citrus orchards in Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands and Ehime Prefecture, Japan, neither trienals showed a synergistic effect on male capture by the dienal. Far from being reinforced, the attraction activity of the dienal was diminished by mixing in Z7,Z11,E13-16:Ald. These results indicated that the sex pheromone of the Vietnamese strain is similar to that of Brazilian and Californian strains, but the Japanese strain has established a different communication system from those of the foreign strains.
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  • Excess water storage depth—a water management practice to control simetryn and thiobencarb runoff from paddy fields
    Thai Khanh Phong, Hirozumi Watanabe, Thai Quoc Hien, Son Hong Vu, Taku ...
    Article type: Original Article
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 159-165
    Published: May 25, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2008
    Advance online publication: March 25, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.G07-32
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    Experiments were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the excess water storage depth (EWSD) in reducing runoff losses of simetryn and thiobencarb from paddy fields upon appreciable rainfall events. A paddy plot having an EWSD of 2 cm was effective in controlling runoff with the herbicide losses of less than 1% of the applied herbicides. Meanwhile, a plot with 0-cm EWSD lost 18.1 and 3.7% of the applied mass of simetryn and thiobencarb, respectively. Therefore, an appropriate EWSD is essential during the recommended 7-day water holding period in order to completely hold the water inside the field in case of rainfall.
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Notes
  • Enrichment and isolation of anaerobic microorganisms concerned with reductive degradation of hexachlorobenzene from soils
    Katsuji Watanabe, Hiromichi Yoshikawa
    Article type: Note
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 166-170
    Published: May 25, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2008
    Advance online publication: March 25, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.G07-34
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    Enrichment culture media, which reduced the recovery ratios of residual hexachlorobenzene (200 ppm) to several % within 2 weeks, were prepared after 4 transfers of paddy field soil and PCB-treated flooded soil. Eleven morphologically identical anaerobic microorganisms, which had a reduced residual HCB recovery ratio, were isolated using aerobic agar plates. The isolated microorganisms remarkably reduced the recovery ratio of residual heptachlor but their reduction of endrin, aldrin, and dieldrin was not so remarkable, and had novel morphological and physiological characters, which clearly distinguished these microorganisms from any of the known microorganisms.
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  • Comparative effects of different families of herbicides on recovery potentials in Lemna sp.
    Munir Mohammad, Kazuhito Itoh, Kousuke Suyama
    Article type: Note
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 171-174
    Published: May 25, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2008
    Advance online publication: March 25, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.G07-36
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    The effects of 9 herbicides in 5 different families on the growth of Lemna sp. were studied through 7-day exposure. The treated plant was transferred to fresh medium to observe recovery from inhibition. Inhibition and the recovery of growth were estimated on the basis of frond number and area, and expressed as the relative growth rate (RGR) compared with the untreated control. Patterns of RGR in exposure and recovery periods showed a tendency corresponding to the different families of herbicides. Considering the recovery potential of Lemna sp. from inhibition by chemicals and the large difference in RGRs between exposure and recovery periods, it is appropriate to take them into account for ecotoxicological risk assessment of chemicals.
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The Society Award Lectures (abstract)
  • Studies on the synthetic development for the discovery of novel heterocyclic agrochemicals
    Yuzuru Sanemitsu, Shinichi Kawamura
    Article type: Society Awards 2008
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 175-177
    Published: May 25, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.J08-02
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    Various heterocyclic compounds have significantly contributed to current commercial agrochemicals. We focused our attention on these heterocycles as screening targets to create novel bioactive compounds. Although recent progress in agrochemical research has enabled us to discover drugs directly, we selected a chemical approach to N- and N,S-heterocyclic compounds in an expectation of new chemical classes with biological activity. In consequence, this method led to the generation of four heterocycles which had either herbicidal or fungicidal activity. These heterocycles were extended to optimized compounds, resulting in the discovery of three herbicides (2,4-diphenylpyrimidine, 2-acylimino-1,3-thiazoline and 5-trifluoromethylpyridazinone) and one fungicide (2-pyridylpyrimidine).
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  • Metofluthrin: novel pyrethroid insecticide and innovative mosquito control agent
    Kazuya Ujihara, Noritada Matsuo, Tatsuya Mori, Yoshinori Shono, Tomono ...
    Article type: Society Awards 2008
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 178-179
    Published: May 25, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.J08-01
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    Metofluthrin (SumiOne®, Eminence®) is an exciting novel pyrethroid discovered by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. It was registered in Japan in January 2005 and is under worldwide development for environmental health use. Metofluthrin has extremely high knockdown activity against various insect pests, especially mosquitoes, as well as high volatility and low mammalian toxicity. This is applicable to not only existing mosquito-controlling devices such as mosquito mats and coils, but also various new formulations and devices such as paper emanators, fan-driven devices, and resin formulations. Metofluthrin is more than 40 times as active as d-allethrin against southern house mosquitoes when used in mosquito coils. This paper describes the story behind the discovery of Metofluthrin and its efficacy against mosquitoes in various formulations.
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PART II (IN JAPANESE)
The Society Award Lectures
Note (with Abstract in English)
  • The effects of plant activators on leaf spot and anthracnose of Chinese cabbage
    Yoshihiro Narusaka, Mari Narusaka, Tomonori Shiraishi, Kiyoshi Kawai, ...
    Article type: Note
    2008 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 196-200
    Published: May 20, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: December 08, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.33.196
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    Alternaria brassicicola and Colletotrichum higginsianum are causal agents of Alternaria leaf spot and anthracnose, respectively, of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa). The effect of plant activators on anthracnose of Chinese cabbage was studied 24-hr after treatment. From the results, it was clarified that the disease was perfectly controlled by pretreatment of plug seedlings with BTH but not with MeJA, which inversely accelerated lesion development. On the other hand, lesion development by A. brassicicola was decreased by pretreatment with ethephon and MeJA but not with BTH, which induced severe symptoms. Based on these findings, we discuss the potential of plant activators to control diseases.
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Abstracts of Articles in Part I
Commentaries
Symposia
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