Dehydrogenation of 2-methyl-1-butene in the process of production of isoprene from ethylene and propylene was studied in the presence of such industrial catalyst as those used in butadiene production.
2-Methyl-1-butene and water were vaporized and preheated separately, mixed at the desired ratio, and charged into the heated reactor, in which the dehydrogenation catalyst formed a fixed bed. Selectivity and yield of isoprene were greatly affected by the reaction temperature, while the water/2-methyl-1-butene molar ratio and the contact time of the feed gas with the catalyst had little influence on the experimental results. The high yield and the high selectivity were obtained at about 600°C using Shell-205 type catalyst. C₅-olefins unreacted were of the equilibrium composition of methyl butene isomers without regard to the reaction temperature. The results of the experiments in a large scale reactor were similar to the above mentioned results at contact time 0.2sec.

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The relationship between adiabatic flame temperature and of the concentration of products and the type of hydrocarbons in the stoichiometric reaction with air at constant pressure were studied with twenty seven hydrocarbons, by the aid of an electronic computer.
The effect of the reaction pressure on the adiabatic flame temperature and the relationship between the burning velocity and the adiabatic flame temperature was discussed, as the temperature decreased by heat losses from the adiabatic condition.
The reaction products were selected to be carbon dioxide, carbon monooxide, monoatomic carbon, water vapour, nitrogen monooxide, hydroxyl radical, molecule and atom of oxygen, of hydrogen, and of nitrogen. The pressure was in the range of 1∼50atm.
Following results were obtained;
(1) Adiabatic flame temperature of hydrocarbons shows a tendency to be in the range of 2, 280∼2, 300°K, as the heat release at the formation of the hydrocarbon increases.
(2) Adiabatic flame temperature of hydrocarbons varies with the heat of combustion and with the mole numbers of the main products, namely, carbon dioxide, water vapour and nitrogen molecule. The parameter of the type of the hydrocarbon is given by the expression heat of combustion at 298°K/a₀+0.25b₀/0.21+0.25b₀in which a₀ and b₀ is the number of carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon and of hydrogen atoms respectively.
(3) Weight of carbon monooxide, nitrogen monooxide and gaseous carbon at the reaction of the unit weight of hydrocarbon increases with the adiabatic flame temperature.
(4) Adiabatic flame temperature increases with reaction pressure, but the pressure has little effect on the adiabatic flame temperature when the pressure exceeds 20atm.
(5) Burning velocity of stoichiometric hydrocarbon-air mixture increases with the adiabatic flame temperature.

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In order to obtain basic data with regard to quality control and fueling of aviation jet fuel, the purity of jet fuel was evaluated with the Millipore filter and the particulate contaminations were analysed by the electron microscope and the X-ray micro-analyser. From results of these analyses the following were revealed.
(1) The vacuum evaporation method together with observation by electron microscope is considered to be the most effective method for determining particulate contaminants accumulated on Millipore filters.
(2) With the Millipore test and observation of particulates by the electron microscope, the degree of purification of jet fuel was found to be as follows:
Jet fuel, as received into airport storage tanks, contains approximately 0.3mg/l of particulate matter. During transfer to aircraft fuel tanks, the fuel will pass 3-4 stages of filter separators which reduces the contaminant level to 0.02mg/l. This level of contamination at the aircraft fueling stage is considered to be quite satisfactory.
(3) The particulate contaminants found in fuel before discharge into the airport tanks consist of several metallic components, with the largest portion of components consisting of iron. Also, metal oxides, metal flakes and metal sulfides were found to exist by the selected area diffraction method. The results of this analysis are useful for establishment of countermeasures against contamination sources.

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An experimental investigation has been carried out with regard to the pressure drop and clear liquid height of the "Bowl tray" (1, 000mm diameter, 600mm spacing) with the airwater system. The total pressure drop was experimentally correlated with the dry-plate pressure drop and clear liquid height. The dry-plate pressure drop was expressed separately in the three regions of flow rate of air. The clear liquid height was expressed in terms of the flow rates of air and water.

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This paper presents a method for predicting the vapor-liquid equilibria at high pressures from the modified Redlich-Kwong equations of state. The binary interaction constants in the vapor and liquid phase were determined from several binary vapor-liquid equilibrium data. The binary interaction constants in vapor phase were in good agreement with those determined from pVT data by Chueh and Prausnitz. Though the binary interaction constants in the liquid phase did not check with those determined from the saturated liquid molar volume by Chueh and Prausnitz, a correlation of interaction constants with the critical molar volume was obtained.

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Characters of deep reservoir rocks have been studied recently. In this paper the relationship between pressure and permeability, which varies with the kind of gases, was investigated from the experimental and theoretical studies of the permeability of gases through porous rocks under pressure.
In this experiment, high-pressure gases such as He, Ar, N₂, CH₄, C₂H₆ and C₃H₈, were forced to flow through rocks, and permeabilities of each gas have been decided.
In the discussion of the experimental result, it was confirmed that Klinkenberg's result was obtained under higher pressure if the gas flow was laminar. It was also, confirmed that there was a linear relation between Klinkenberg's Constant and the mean free path of gases.
It may well be said that, in the future, permeability of gases can be computed using the permeability data of a certain gas.

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