石油学会誌
Print ISSN : 0582-4664
15 巻, 9 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
  • 中村 宗和
    1972 年 15 巻 9 号 p. 753-757
    発行日: 1972/09/01
    公開日: 2009/01/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The catalyst activity for the isomerization of 2, 3-dimethylbutane has been investigated in relation with both acidity and acid strength of a series of Pt-Al2O3-Cl catalysts activated in a stream of hydrogen at different temperatures ranging from 300 to 660°C.
    The rate of the isomerization increases as the temperature of the activation is elevated, passing through a maximum at activation temperatures between 500 and 550°C, and then decreases. The acidity also shows a similar trend but a maximum between 450 and 500°C. These results suggest that the metal site of the catalyst plays a certain role in the isomerization mechanism and there exist some interactions between metal and acid sites of the dual functioning catalyst. With the catalysts activated at temperatures between 440 and 550°C, highly selective isomerization takes place. Whereas dehydrogenation and hydrogenolysis to lower molecular weight hydrocarbons are observed with the catalysts activated at lower temperatures and dehydrogenation with the catalysts activated at higher temperatures. The acid strengths of the catalysts as measured by the Hammett's acidity function are in the range between +4.8 and +6.8 for all the catalysts used in the present study.
  • 土屋 道夫, 加藤 明, 五十嵐 哲, 荻野 義定
    1972 年 15 巻 9 号 p. 758-762
    発行日: 1972/09/01
    公開日: 2009/01/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    A Kinetic study on the steam-dealkylation of m-xylene over the Ni-BeO catalyst was carried out and the experimental initial rate equations for both benzene formation and toluene formation were determined at the reaction temperature of 360°C. The initial rate (V30) of benzene formation obeyed the equation V30=k3. Similarly, the initial rate (V10) of toluene formation obeyed the equation V10=k1. A surface bimolecular reaction mechanism in which a hydrocarbon molecule adsorbed on A site (a site which strongly adsorbs m-xylene) reacts with a water molecule adsorbed on B site (a site which strongly adsorbs water) well explains the experimental rate equations.
    The extended application of the kinetic treatments based on this reaction mechanism gave an equation which expresses the relation between the benzene content (Y) in the liquid products and the conversion (X) of m-xylene to the liquid products. This equation was found to have an extensive applicability; namely, the X-Y relations not only for the Ni-BeO catalyst but also for the other catalysts (Ni-Cr2O3-I, Ni-Cr2O3-II) were easily explained by the appication of this equation.
  • オレフィン除去機構
    川上 敞, 寺本 幸治郎, 曽田 守, 花野 健蔵, 阿部 潔
    1972 年 15 巻 9 号 p. 763-766
    発行日: 1972/09/01
    公開日: 2009/01/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The mechanism of "Activated Clay Treatment" in the refining process of BTX was studied with toluene containing with heptene-2 or 1, 3-pentadiene.
    As the results, it was confirmed that the polymerization of olefines took place when the olefins were percolated through clay. In other words, the clay obviously acts as a solid acid catalyst for polymerization of olefines in the course of refining of BTX. This catalytic ability is influenced by adsorbed water on the clay at low temperature.
  • BTXの白土処理に伴う不均化反応について
    川上 敞, 寺本 幸治郎, 曽田 守, 花野 健蔵, 阿部 潔
    1972 年 15 巻 9 号 p. 767-769
    発行日: 1972/09/01
    公開日: 2009/01/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    We studied the disproportionation reaction of BTX in the refining process and found that the disproportionation of xylene took place when the xylene was percolated through activated clay. This disproportionation reaction is generally found with many kinds of clays which are commercially available. Using the Alumina poor clay, olefines were polymerized but the disproportionation of xylene did not take place at the same conditions.
  • 梶川 正雄, 川口 勝, 甘利 忠雄, 渡部 薫
    1972 年 15 巻 9 号 p. 770-774
    発行日: 1972/09/01
    公開日: 2009/01/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Here has been examined a technique for determining trace amount of total nitrogen in petroleum using a Dohrmann's microcoulometric titrating system (MCTS-10). It has been found out that nitrogen contents in crude oil and residual fuel oil can be determined by selecting the proper inlet temperature varying depending upon the kind of sample. The reproducibility of Heavy oil A, having 65 cSt at 100°F, is 2.8ppm at the concentration of 27ppm N and its accuracy corresponds to that of Kjeldahl method.
    This technique, therefore, is expected to be used in routine laboratory testings in petroleum refineries because of its time-saving and highly sensitive features.
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