植物学雑誌
Online ISSN : 2185-3835
Print ISSN : 0006-808X
ISSN-L : 0006-808X
69 巻, 814 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
  • 沢井 輝男
    1956 年 69 巻 814 号 p. 177-185
    発行日: 1956年
    公開日: 2006/12/05
    ジャーナル フリー
    Candida tropicalis var. japonica was proved to produce following three sorts of α-glucosidases. (1) Neutral α-glucosidase group. The enzyme included in this group hydrolyzed sucrose, maltose and methyl-α -glucoside optimally at pH6.1 to 6.6, but not below pH4.0. In this group at least three different enzymes seem to de involved, but the separation of the enzymes was not successful. (2) Acid α-glucosidase. This enzyme hydrolyzed both maltose and methyl-α-glucoside optimally at about pH4.0, but not sucrose at all. The activity ratio of this enzyme toward these two substrates was about 100: 3.9. (3) Trehalase. This enzyme hydrolyzed trehalose alone optimally at pH5.2 and was proved to differ from any other α-glucosidases mentioned above. β-h-Fructosidase appeared to be absent in this yeast strain. The author wishes to express his hearty thanks to Prof. T. Miwa for his instruction and encouragement and also for reading the manuscript before publication. Thanks are also tendered to Prof. K. Nisizawa for his helpful advice. The yeast strain used in this work was beforehand further purified from the stock culture maintained in the author's laboratory by courtesy of Prof. T. Kobayashi, to whom the author is indebted to acknowledge.
  • キートセロス属についての観察
    奥野 春雄
    1956 年 69 巻 814 号 p. 186-192
    発行日: 1956年
    公開日: 2006/12/05
    ジャーナル フリー
  • タバコの半数体
    竹中 要, 田中 正雄
    1956 年 69 巻 814 号 p. 193-198
    発行日: 1956年
    公開日: 2006/12/05
    ジャーナル フリー
    A variety of Nicotiana tabacum, “Bright Yellow” was pollinated with pollen of N. alata treated by X-rays (4, 800γ). From the seed obtained, 8, 730 were sown, 150 germinated but only two plants reached maturity. One of them was a hybrid, and the other was a haploid tobacco plant which was a little smaller than the parental diploid “Bright Yellow.” In studying MI in PMC's of the haploid plant, most frequently 24 univalents were found; in about 30% of PMC's one to three bivalents were Found; in about 30% of PMC's one to three bivalents were observed. On the average 0.39 bivalents occurred per PMC. An early study on meiotic behavior in haploid N. tabacum “purpurea” was reported by Clausen and Mann (1924). They indicated complete lack of pairing at MI, while in the same material Chipman and Goodspeed (1927) saw an occasional bivalent and interpreted it as a product of adherence of two chromosomes closely associated on the MI spindle rather than a reflection of pachytene pairing, since association was not observed at diakinesis or earlier. Kostoff found in a haplont of N. “triplex”.N. tabacum×(N.sylvestris×N. tomentosiformis)-and in a haplont of amphidiploid N. sylvestris×N. tomentosiformis, both of which he considered equivalent to haploid N. tabacum, a range of zero to three pairs. The former had 0.35 and the latter 0.34 bivalents per PMC. The above mentioned observations in the haploid tobacco plant agree with these results. On the cotrary, in the three hybrids, N. otophora×N. sylvestris, N. sylvestris× N. Setchellii, and N. sylvestris×N. tomentosa, Goodspeed (1934, 1954) found a range of zero to seven bivalents with the mode at 2-3, and also Takenaka (1954, 1955) counted, in the hybrids N. sylvestris×N. tomentosiformis, N. sylvestris×N. tomentosa and N. sylvestris×N. otophora, 1-9 bivalents with the mode at 4, 0-7 with the mode at 3 and 0-5 with the mode at 2 respectively, in the above cited order. Takenaka's observations generally agree with Goodspeed's findings concerning chromosome affinity between the sylvestris genome and those of the tomentosa group. Accordingly, bivalent number at MI of the hybrid between N. sylvestris and the species of tomentosa group is always higher than that of haploid tobacco. Concerning the decrease of intragenomatic affinity in haploid tobacco, Clausen (1941) advocated the following assumption : “the alterations which have diminished its duplicational completeness must have arisen largely since it became established as an amphidiploid.” On the contrary, in the hybrid N. sylvestris×N. tomentosa, Kostoff found usually univalent chromosomes or 1 to 4 bivalents, rarely more than 4, and in F1 N. sylvestris ×N. tomentosiformis somewhat less bivalents than in the former. He stated that meiosis of the N. “triplex” haploid and the haploid of amphidiploid N. sylvestris× N. tomentosiformis could not be distinguished from the meiosis in F1 N. sylvestris× N. tomentosiformis. The difference between Kostoff's and Goodspeed's as well as Takenaka's findings in the hybrids between N. sylvestris and tomentosa group are ascribed to the different methods of cultivation. Nevertheless, it is certain that the bivalent number in haploid tobacco is less than that of the hybrids between N. sylvestris and species of the tomentosa group.
  • 糖の吸収と2, 3の酵素作用について
    岩波 洋造
    1956 年 69 巻 814 号 p. 198-202
    発行日: 1956年
    公開日: 2006/12/05
    ジャーナル フリー
    1)The absorption of sugars from artificial culture media and enzymes reactions in the pollen were investigated with paper chromatographic method.
    2) The pollen of Lilium and Impatiens absorbed only sucrose from the culture media throughout their growth (Fig. 1).
    3) By addition of pollen juice of Lilium longlforum Thunb. to the solution of soluble starch, glucose, maltose and some other unknown sugars were regularly produced, while the color of iodine reaction of this solution turned into yellow brown from blue (Fig. 4).
    4) By addition of pollen juice of Lilium and Impatiens to sucrose solution, glucose and fructose were produced, then sucrose was regularly removed (Fig. 4). It may be said that these pollens have some amylase and invertase.
  • 小野 林, 小長 光与壯
    1956 年 69 巻 814 号 p. 202-206
    発行日: 1956年
    公開日: 2006/12/05
    ジャーナル フリー
    1. The formation of starch in the isolated chloroplasts and cytoplasm was accerelated by the addition of HgCl2 that inhibits the action of amylase.
    2. The addition of NaF that inhibits the action of phosphatase also accerelates the formation of starch in the isolated chloroplasts and cytoplasm.
    3. These reagents are effective in concentrations of 10-3-10-5 Mol. as inhibitors.
    4. The addition of these reagents does not accerelate the starch forming action of phosphorylase in vitro, but the elimination of amylase and phosphatase activity by the treatment correlatively and indirectly accerelates the action of phosphorylase.
    5. The addition of rhodamin B and 2, 4-dinitrophenol accerelates the formation of starch in the isolated chloroplasts and cytoplasm.
    6. The addition of amylase inhibits the formation of starch in the isolated chloroplasts and especially in cytoplasm and in this case the inhibitory action is stronger in β-amylase than in α-amylase.
    7. There exists the antagonistic relation concerning the action of phosphorylase, amylase and phosphatase, and this relation is controlled by the change of hydrogen ion concentration in the cell.
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