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Volume 75, Issue 889
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Noriko TAKAHASHI, Toshio YAMAKI1962 Volume 75 Issue 889 Pages 245-254
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: December 05, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Effects of M/100 of glycine, α-alanine, L-aspartic acid, and glutamic acid and α-ketoglutaric acid on the germination of tobacco seed were examined in presence and absence of 100ppm gibberellin.
2) Only glutamic acid, whose pH is adjusted with NH4OH or KOH, induces the dark germination of tobacco seed both in presence and absence of gibberellin.
3) It seems probable to consider that the dark germination of tobacco seed is induced by two different ways: one which has its pH optimum at 4.7 to 5.5, needs gibberellin (or gibberellin-like substance) and organic N-compound(s), and the other which has its pH optimum in strong acid range needs only gibberellin (or gibberellin like substance).
4) One of the organic N-compounds necessary for the dark germination at pH 4.7 to 5.5 seems to be glutamic acid.
5) The seed having been stored for a short period maintains the gibberellin-like substance and the organic N-compound but in an amount not sufficient for the induction of dark germination, it also retains the ability to synthesize the organic N-compounds from inorganic N-compounds.
6) The organic N-compound(s) necessary for dark germination does not seem to be synthesized with α-ketoglutaric acid and NH4OH.
7) The seed having been stored for a long period loses both of the two factors necessary for dark germination, and also loses the ability to synthesize the necessary organic N-compound(s) from inorganic N-compounds.View full abstractDownload PDF (973K) -
Photoperiodic Responses of the Seedlings Grown under Various Light ConditionsAtsushi TAKIMOTO, Yoshiyuki NAITO1962 Volume 75 Issue 889 Pages 255-263
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: December 05, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPharbitis seedlings were grown under various light conditions from the start of germination. Two days after germination, they were subjected to a 16-hour dark period, which is sufficient to induce maximum flowering under normal conditions.
1) Red light (600-700mμ) of 50erg/cm2/sec., under which the seedlings were grown, induced flowering to some extent, but white light (400-700mμ) of 100erg/cm2/sec., and green light (500-600mμ) of 250erg/cm2/sec. were required for flowering induction. Blue (400-500mμ) and far-red (700-1200mμ) could not induce flowering even when their intensities were increased up to 3000erg/cm2/sec.
2) When the red light was mixed with blue or far-red, flowering responses were suppressed conspicuously.
3) The seedlings grown under far-red and exposed to 5-minute red light followed by a 16-hour dark period initiated flower buds, the flowering responses being increased with increasing intensity of the far-red, but those grown under blue light did not initiate flower buds even when exposed to 5-minute red followed by a 16-hour dark period.View full abstractDownload PDF (986K) -
Hiroh SHIBAOKA1962 Volume 75 Issue 889 Pages 264-269
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: December 05, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Both caffeic and trans-cinnamic acids inhibited the IAA-induced growth of Avena coleoptile sections. The inhibition by caffeic acid, at 5×10-4M, was observed only in the presence of high concentrations of IAA, while that by trans-cinnamic acid, at 10-4M, was more conspicuous in the absence of IAA than in its presence.
2) At the concentration of 10-3M, caffeic acid as well as chlorogenic acid inhibited the hypocotyl growth of Brassica seedling, but trans-cinnamic acid, at the same concentration, did not.
3) In the root growth of Brassica seedling, caffeic acid, at a concentration of 10-3M, acted as a promoter, while trans-cinnamic acid acted only as an inhibitor.
4) The gibberellin induced growth of Avena leaf segment was suppressed remarkably by 2×10-4M of trans-cinnamic acid, but was not affected by caffeic acid even at 10-3M.View full abstractDownload PDF (760K) -
Keiji MARUSHIGE, Yasuko MARUSHIGE1962 Volume 75 Issue 889 Pages 270-272
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: December 05, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Amino Acid Pattern of Seed Protein Fractions of GramineaeHirokadzu TAIRA1962 Volume 75 Issue 889 Pages 273-277
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: December 05, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs reported previously, a relationship between the pattern of seed amino acids and plant taxonomy was found to exist in Gramineae plants. This paper describes the further study on the protein fractions, albumin, globuline, prolamin and glutelin, obtained from the seed of Gramineae plants. The amino acid composition of each of these fractions was determined for rice of the subfamily Pharoideae, wheat and naked barley of Pooideae, and for Japanese barnyard millet and foxtail millet of Panicoideae. The microbiological method for amino acid assay was applied throughout the study.
Prolamin of rice and millets gave alanine, leucine and aspartic acid values markedly higher than those of wheat and naked barley. The amino acid pattern of glutelin of millets was also observed to differ from other plants in the level of several kinds of amino acid, while albumin and globulin gave no remarkable difference in their amino acid pattern among the subfamilies.
The variation of amino acid pattern with the subfamily of the source plant was believed to be a consequence of differences in both the amino acid levels of each protein fraction and the contents of the protein fractions. It was concluded that the amino acid pattern of the seed or seed protein, characterizing subfamily in Gramineae, was a dependable acid as an index in plant taxonomy.View full abstractDownload PDF (442K) -
The Origin of Prunus yedoensisYo TAKENAKA1962 Volume 75 Issue 889 Pages 278-287
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: December 05, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPrunus yedoensis Matsumura (Somei-yoshino) is the most famous flowering cherry tree grown in Japan. However, its origin has been unknown. This species has abundant beautiful flowers, but sets only a few seeds. Accordingly, it can be propagated only by grafting.
However, it grows more rapidly than any other cherry tree. From these facts, I have assumed that it might be a hybrid. I gathered seeds from trees of this species in 1952. The seeds were sown in 1953, and the seedlings were observed from 1954 to 1962. From these observations P. yedoensis was considered to be a hybrid between P. lannesiana var. speciosa (Oshima-zakura) and P. subhirtella var. pendula form. ascendens (Edo-higan), whose characteristics differ as follows: speciosa is distinguished from ascendens by underneath glabrous and larger leaves, and vigorously growing stems. The seedlings of yedoensis showed in this respect a series of intergrades ranging from speciosa to ascendens type. Some of the seedlings bloomed in the spring of 1958, and since then, 25 trees had flowers. In many flower characters, viz., size, color, and hairiness at peduncle, receptacle, calyx, style and ovary, these trees showed a wide range of variation from speciosa to ascendens.
In further experiments carried out since 1957, I made reciprocal crosses between speciosa and ascendens. In 1961, 8 hybrid plants bloomed. They were intermediate between the parents in the characters of stem, leaf and flower, and appeared as a whole to be similar to one another, though they showed some minor differences. Two of them had hairs on the style and ovary like P. yedoensis, and the other two had a few hairs, while the rest were hairless.View full abstractDownload PDF (1587K)
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