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Volume 76, Issue 901
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Tadayoshi TAZAKI, Tadahiro USHIJIMA1963 Volume 76 Issue 901 Pages 237-245
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: December 05, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs a continuation of previous papers, the water economy was taken up chiefly of leaves on detached shoots of young poplar plants and the photoactive stomatal movement was also referred. Similar “dull” leaf phenomenon as in mulberry plant was observed in this plant, but the transition from normal to “dull” leaf by leaf aging was rather gradual in contrast to the sudden change in mulberry plant. The stomata of “dull” leaves, as was christened by the inert hydroactive stomatal movement, remained open after long interval in darkness, showing that the photoactive stomatal movement was also inert in “dull” leaves, and that the stomata of the “dull” leaves remained open throughout 24 hours. Intact leaves on detached whole stem or stem segment kept their water-content after the definite interval from treatment higher than the detached leaf blade, while the transpiration rate of the intact leaves was higher than that of detached leaf blades. These facts told us that the considerable amount of water had been supplied during dehydrating process in intact leaves. And this inference was substantiated by the calculation in successive leaves of the amount of water supply from stem. Lastly, the significance of the experimental results for intact plants during drought condition was discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (993K) -
Yozo IWANAMI, Seiji MATSUMURA1963 Volume 76 Issue 901 Pages 246-255
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: December 05, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of pollen grain irradiation on pollen-tube mitosis were investigated. The data were obtained from artificial culture. For irradiation gamma-rays were applied with 137Cs 6, 000c at a dose rate 55kr/hr. The doses ranged from 0.5 to 100kr.
1) Inhibition of mitosis increased with increasing dose; namely the higher the dose, the more reduced was the frequency of nuclear division and the more delayed was the time of its occurrence.
2) In Lilium auratum the generative nucleus remained mostly undivided in showing chromosome elements even at 5kr, while at 20kr a few nuclei consisted of chromatin masses or chromosomes. The pollen-tubes of Lilium did not grow smoothly on the media. In natural condition, therefore, their pollen-tube mitosis may be more radio-resistant.
3) At 80kr irradiation of Camellia japonica pollen the mitotic division of the generative nucleus was almost completely inhibited.
4) In Camellia sasanqua the generative nucleus did not divide into 2 sperm nuclei above 25kr, while relatively many generative nuclei with chromosomes were observed at 50kr.
5) The pollen grains of Impatiens balsamina had the highest radio-resistance. At 50-80kr the generative nucleus underwent complete mitotic division.
6) Radio-sensitivity of pollen grains varied widely according to the species. In general, their pollen-tube mitosis was much more radio-resistant than the meiosis in PMC's and mitosis in root tips.View full abstractDownload PDF (1040K) -
Hiroshi HAGIMOTO1963 Volume 76 Issue 901 Pages 256-263
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: December 05, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe action of the growth hormone in the fruit body was discussed with respect to the growth or positive and negative curvatures of the stipe caused by unilateral gill-removal or by unilateral application of a gill-piece or of gill-extract. The degree of curvature caused by unilateral removal of gills decreased with the advancing of the fruit body stage; the residual growth after whole removal of gills is explainable by the “surplus hormone”. When gills were removed unilaterally from the pileus, the stipe curved to the gill-free side in the young stage of about 30mm in total length, but in the later stage (about 40mm stage) sometimes to the gill-remaining side. The latter fact may be interpreted by the “inhibitory effect” of the hormone in excess amounts owing to the addition of the hormone from the remaining gills. to the “surplus hormone” in the stipe.View full abstractDownload PDF (772K) -
Kazuyoshi HIROMOTO1963 Volume 76 Issue 901 Pages 264-272
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: December 05, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to examine the life relation between Armillarla matsutalce and Pinus densiflora, several methods such as dialysis, adsorption, and chromatography were applied to the pineneedle and pine-root decoction, and also to the fruit-body decoction of Armillaria matsutake. The cultivation test of Armillaria matsutake was made by using the components found out there and some allied substances. The results are as follows:
1. The substances found in pine-needle and pine-root decoction are fructose and glucose as reducing sugars, glutamic acid, serine, glycine, alanine, valine and leucine as amino acids, and tannin, oxalic acid, Ca, K, NH4 and Cl.
2. In case of fruit-body decoction of Armillaria matsutake, besides above mentioned reducing sugars and amino acids, are found aspartic acid and other several kinds of amino acids.
3. The concentration of reducing sugars and amino acids that are contained in the fruit-body decoction of Armillaria matsutake is considerably higher than that in the pineneedle decoction.
4. Armillaria matsutake seems to absorb most preferably, through the root of Pinus densiflora, glucose, fructose, glutamic acid, serine, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine and other amino acids, which are synthesized in the pine-leaves, and reserves them in the fruit body; in case of fructose probably some part of it being reduced into mannitol. These facts indicate that the fungus is parasitic on Pinus densiflora.
5. Fructose and glucose have a great influence upon the mycelial growth of Armillaria matsutake.
6. The life relation between Armillaria matsutake and Pinus densiflora is much closer than that between Tricholoma aggregatum and Pinus densiflora, though the latter fungus forms also mycorrhiza with the root of Pinus densiflora.
7. Tannin exerts fatal influence upon the growth of the fungus rather than suppressive one.View full abstractDownload PDF (1063K)
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